Effects of land use and management on ecosystem respiration in alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau
► Land use change did not significantly affect annual average Re except first year. ► Cropland significantly decreased Re intensity compared with abandoned cropland. ► Annual average Re and Re intensity was not significantly influenced by N fertilizer and sheep manure. Land use change and management...
Saved in:
Published in | Soil & tillage research Vol. 124; pp. 161 - 169 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier B.V
01.08.2012
Elsevier |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | ► Land use change did not significantly affect annual average Re except first year. ► Cropland significantly decreased Re intensity compared with abandoned cropland. ► Annual average Re and Re intensity was not significantly influenced by N fertilizer and sheep manure.
Land use change and management practices have greatly affected global carbon dynamics, especially the critical process of ecosystem respiration (Re). Our aim was to assess how Re and Re intensity (Re per unit aboveground biomass) are affected by land use (i.e. native alpine meadow with winter grazing (NAM), abandoned cropland/pastureland (APL), perennial Elymus nutans (PEN) and annual Avena sativa L. pasture (AO)) and management practices (i.e. nitrogen (N) inorganic fertilizer or sheep manure for APL, PEN and AO, tillage and no-tillage for AO) in a Gelic Cambisol soil underlying alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau from 2008 to 2010. In the present study we hypothesized that (1) the conversion of abandoned cropland/pastureland to pasturelands would increase Re and Re intensity; (2) natural restoration following the abandonment of cropland/pastureland would decrease Re and Re intensity; and (3) management practices mentioned above would reduce the magnitude of the effects of land use change on Re and Re intensity in the alpine meadow ecosystem. Generally, our results did not support our hypotheses. There were no significant differences between annual average Re in NAM and APL, while the annual average Re for native meadows were 2–3 times higher than that of pasturelands in 2008. Re intensities for PEN and AO were 1.7 times lower than NAM and APL, and Re intensity was higher for APL than for NAM in 2010. Management practices did not significantly affect Re and Re intensity for PEN and AO treatments, except for the interaction between tillage and year on the Re of AO in 2010. The results suggest that conversion of abandoned cropland/pastureland to pastureland decreases Re and Re intensity, while natural restoration following the abandonment of cropland/pastureland increased Re intensity. Management practices did not significantly modify the patterns of the effects of land use on Re and Re intensity. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Land use change and management practices have greatly affected global carbon dynamics, especially the critical process of ecosystem respiration (Re). Our aim was to assess how Re and Re intensity (Re per unit aboveground biomass) are affected by land use (i.e. native alpine meadow with winter grazing (NAM), abandoned cropland/pastureland (APL), perennial Elymus nutans (PEN) and annual Avena sativa L. pasture (AO)) and management practices (i.e. nitrogen (N) inorganic fertilizer or sheep manure for APL, PEN and AO, tillage and no-tillage for AO) in a Gelic Cambisol soil underlying alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau from 2008 to 2010. In the present study we hypothesized that (1) the conversion of abandoned cropland/pastureland to pasturelands would increase Re and Re intensity; (2) natural restoration following the abandonment of cropland/pastureland would decrease Re and Re intensity; and (3) management practices mentioned above would reduce the magnitude of the effects of land use change on Re and Re intensity in the alpine meadow ecosystem. Generally, our results did not support our hypotheses. There were no significant differences between annual average Re in NAM and APL, while the annual average Re for native meadows were 2-3 times higher than that of pasturelands in 2008. Re intensities for PEN and AO were 1.7 times lower than NAM and APL, and Re intensity was higher for APL than for NAM in 2010. Management practices did not significantly affect Re and Re intensity for PEN and AO treatments, except for the interaction between tillage and year on the Re of AO in 2010. The results suggest that conversion of abandoned cropland/pastureland to pastureland decreases Re and Re intensity, while natural restoration following the abandonment of cropland/pastureland increased Re intensity. Management practices did not significantly modify the patterns of the effects of land use on Re and Re intensity. ► Land use change did not significantly affect annual average Re except first year. ► Cropland significantly decreased Re intensity compared with abandoned cropland. ► Annual average Re and Re intensity was not significantly influenced by N fertilizer and sheep manure. Land use change and management practices have greatly affected global carbon dynamics, especially the critical process of ecosystem respiration (Re). Our aim was to assess how Re and Re intensity (Re per unit aboveground biomass) are affected by land use (i.e. native alpine meadow with winter grazing (NAM), abandoned cropland/pastureland (APL), perennial Elymus nutans (PEN) and annual Avena sativa L. pasture (AO)) and management practices (i.e. nitrogen (N) inorganic fertilizer or sheep manure for APL, PEN and AO, tillage and no-tillage for AO) in a Gelic Cambisol soil underlying alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau from 2008 to 2010. In the present study we hypothesized that (1) the conversion of abandoned cropland/pastureland to pasturelands would increase Re and Re intensity; (2) natural restoration following the abandonment of cropland/pastureland would decrease Re and Re intensity; and (3) management practices mentioned above would reduce the magnitude of the effects of land use change on Re and Re intensity in the alpine meadow ecosystem. Generally, our results did not support our hypotheses. There were no significant differences between annual average Re in NAM and APL, while the annual average Re for native meadows were 2–3 times higher than that of pasturelands in 2008. Re intensities for PEN and AO were 1.7 times lower than NAM and APL, and Re intensity was higher for APL than for NAM in 2010. Management practices did not significantly affect Re and Re intensity for PEN and AO treatments, except for the interaction between tillage and year on the Re of AO in 2010. The results suggest that conversion of abandoned cropland/pastureland to pastureland decreases Re and Re intensity, while natural restoration following the abandonment of cropland/pastureland increased Re intensity. Management practices did not significantly modify the patterns of the effects of land use on Re and Re intensity. |
Author | Zhang, Zhenhua Wang, Shiping Duan, Jichuang Chang, Xiaofeng Luo, Caiyun Zhu, Xiaoxue Wang, Wenying Xu, Burenbayin |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Zhenhua surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Zhenhua organization: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Jichuang surname: Duan fullname: Duan, Jichuang organization: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China – sequence: 3 givenname: Shiping surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Shiping email: wangship2008@yahoo.cn organization: Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Caiyun surname: Luo fullname: Luo, Caiyun organization: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China – sequence: 5 givenname: Xiaofeng surname: Chang fullname: Chang, Xiaofeng organization: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China – sequence: 6 givenname: Xiaoxue surname: Zhu fullname: Zhu, Xiaoxue organization: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China – sequence: 7 givenname: Burenbayin surname: Xu fullname: Xu, Burenbayin organization: Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Research Station, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810008, China – sequence: 8 givenname: Wenying surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Wenying organization: College of Life and Geography, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, China |
BackLink | http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=26312706$$DView record in Pascal Francis |
BookMark | eNqFkTtvFDEURi0UJDaBX0CBGySaGfycR0GBovCQIlGQ1NYdz3XwasYebC8o_x5vNqKgINUnWedc2_c7J2chBiTkNWctZ7x7v29z8cvSCsZFy3Rb4xnZ8aEfG6mUOiO7SvUNH4f-BTnPec8YU1IMO2KvnENbMo2OLhBmeshIj7lCgDtcMRQaA0Ub830uuNKEefMJiq-nPlBYNh-Qrghz_H0kyw-kN37CAoFuCxSEw0vy3MGS8dVjXpDbT1c3l1-a62-fv15-vG6sErI0DmZ0qCYx9XyAadLSjYwj5x2ftVROT9rOaLuOK8XRTjCwcepGizBhJ7SVF-Tdae6W4s8D5mJWny0u9V8YD9lUbxy16iR_GuVCC8mY1BV9-4hCtrC4BMH6bLbkV0j3RtRxomdd5eSJsynmnND9RTgzx5bM3jy0ZI4tGaZNjWqN_1jWl4ftlgR-ecJ9c3IdRAN3qb7q9nsFFKvG2DNZiQ8nAuvaf3lMJluPweLsU23dzNH_94Y_MNe7Kw |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jag_2021_102394 crossref_primary_10_2166_wpt_2023_079 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40333_023_0068_6 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_agrformet_2015_09_008 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_019_43904_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_still_2017_11_017 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_017_09855_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_agrformet_2017_06_013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecoleng_2017_10_013 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_gecco_2020_e01067 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_soilbio_2014_10_026 crossref_primary_10_1007_s10705_020_10062_0 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11099_017_0711_6 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11368_016_1612_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_still_2019_104522 crossref_primary_10_3390_land11050638 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ecolind_2013_12_005 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00374_015_1024_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rama_2019_06_001 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_still_2014_06_002 crossref_primary_10_1080_00103624_2017_1383416 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2016_01_060 crossref_primary_10_3389_fenvs_2021_657608 crossref_primary_10_1007_s40333_016_0059_y crossref_primary_10_1007_s00267_014_0390_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_catena_2016_07_040 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11099_015_0142_1 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00248_016_0817_6 crossref_primary_10_1002_agg2_20227 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_catena_2023_107062 crossref_primary_10_1093_jpe_rtx052 crossref_primary_10_1111_sum_12514 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apsoil_2021_104032 crossref_primary_10_1016_S1002_0160_18_60008_6 |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012 10.1007/s11104-005-2950-8 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.018 10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.002 10.1073/pnas.0914216107 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.12.021 10.1080/713610854 10.1016/j.still.2005.06.009 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0343:GMACIG]2.0.CO;2 10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008 10.1007/s00254-006-0485-9 10.1890/06-2057.1 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01503.x 10.1007/BF00012802 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01153.x 10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00102-4 10.1007/BF02901769 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02199.x 10.1098/rstb.2007.2184 10.1046/j.1354-1013.2002.00486.x 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x 10.1016/j.agee.2011.12.012 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00071-1 10.1017/CBO9780511546013 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00362.x 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.01.007 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.02.002 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00921.x 10.1016/0167-1987(94)00450-S 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.030 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.04.011 10.1023/A:1016019728665 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01144.x 10.2134/jeq2007.0240 10.1007/s11104-004-0330-4 10.2134/jeq1988.00472425001700040011x |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | 2012 2015 INIST-CNRS |
Copyright_xml | – notice: 2012 – notice: 2015 INIST-CNRS |
DBID | FBQ AAYXX CITATION IQODW 7ST C1K SOI 7S9 L.6 |
DOI | 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012 |
DatabaseName | AGRIS CrossRef Pascal-Francis Environment Abstracts Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management Environment Abstracts AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Environment Abstracts Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management AGRICOLA AGRICOLA - Academic |
DatabaseTitleList | Environment Abstracts AGRICOLA |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: FBQ name: AGRIS url: http://www.fao.org/agris/Centre.asp?Menu_1ID=DB&Menu_2ID=DB1&Language=EN&Content=http://www.fao.org/agris/search?Language=EN sourceTypes: Publisher |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Agriculture |
EISSN | 1879-3444 |
EndPage | 169 |
ExternalDocumentID | 26312706 10_1016_j_still_2012_05_012 US201400169703 S016719871200116X |
GeographicLocations | Asia China China, People's Rep., Xizang, Tibetan Plateau |
GeographicLocations_xml | – name: China, People's Rep., Xizang, Tibetan Plateau |
GroupedDBID | --K --M .~1 0R~ 123 1B1 1RT 1~. 1~5 4.4 457 4G. 5VS 7-5 71M 8P~ 9JM 9JN AABVA AACTN AAEDT AAEDW AAHCO AAIAV AAIKJ AAKOC AALCJ AALRI AAOAW AAQFI AAQXK AARJD AATLK AAXUO ABFNM ABFRF ABGRD ABJNI ABMAC ABXDB ABYKQ ACDAQ ACGFO ACGFS ACIUM ACNNM ACRLP ADBBV ADEZE ADMUD ADQTV ADTZH AEBSH AECPX AEFWE AEKER AENEX AEQOU AFKWA AFTJW AFXIZ AGHFR AGUBO AGYEJ AHHHB AHIDL AHJVU AIEXJ AIKHN AITUG AJBFU AJOXV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMFUW AMRAJ ASPBG AVWKF AXJTR AZFZN BELTK BJAXD BKOJK BLXMC CBWCG CS3 DU5 EBS EFJIC EFLBG EJD EO8 EO9 EP2 EP3 FDB FEDTE FGOYB FIRID FNPLU FYGXN G-2 G-Q GBLVA HLV HMC HVGLF HZ~ IHE J1W JARJE JJJVA KOM LW9 LY9 M41 MO0 N9A O-L O9- OAUVE OZT P-8 P-9 P2P PC. Q38 R2- RIG ROL RPZ SAB SDF SDG SEN SES SEW SPC SPCBC SSA SSR SST SSZ T5K TWZ UNMZH WUQ Y6R ~02 ~G- ~KM ABPIF ABPTK FBQ AAHBH AATTM AAXKI AAYWO AAYXX ABWVN ACRPL ACVFH ADCNI ADNMO AEGFY AEIPS AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AGCQF AGQPQ AGRNS AIGII AIIUN AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP ANKPU APXCP BNPGV CITATION SSH EFKBS IQODW 7ST C1K SOI 7S9 L.6 |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c423t-fadefe4b2b718abb53f901e1161d534f5b5cdec661441ecba809b69ceabe625c3 |
IEDL.DBID | .~1 |
ISSN | 0167-1987 |
IngestDate | Sun Aug 24 03:44:51 EDT 2025 Tue Aug 05 10:02:28 EDT 2025 Mon Jul 21 09:15:23 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 00:56:49 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:10:52 EDT 2025 Wed Dec 27 19:11:27 EST 2023 Fri Feb 23 02:26:51 EST 2024 |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Keywords | Plant production Ecosystem respiration intensity Sheep manure No-tillage Land use change N fertilization Grassland Nitrogen fertilization o-tillage Zero tillage Alpine grasslands Land use Ecosystem Qinghai-Xizang Plateau Soil science Respiration |
Language | English |
License | CC BY 4.0 |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c423t-fadefe4b2b718abb53f901e1161d534f5b5cdec661441ecba809b69ceabe625c3 |
Notes | http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 |
PQID | 1125230035 |
PQPubID | 23462 |
PageCount | 9 |
ParticipantIDs | proquest_miscellaneous_1449954631 proquest_miscellaneous_1125230035 pascalfrancis_primary_26312706 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_still_2012_05_012 crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_still_2012_05_012 fao_agris_US201400169703 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_still_2012_05_012 |
ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2012-08-01 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2012-08-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 08 year: 2012 text: 2012-08-01 day: 01 |
PublicationDecade | 2010 |
PublicationPlace | Amsterdam |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Amsterdam |
PublicationTitle | Soil & tillage research |
PublicationYear | 2012 |
Publisher | Elsevier B.V Elsevier |
Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier B.V – name: Elsevier |
References | Song, Yan, Wang, Wang, Lou, Zhao (bib0175) 2003; 48 Jassal, Black, Ray, Ethier (bib0085) 2011; 162 Jiang, Yu, Fang, Cao, Li (bib0090) 2010; 44 Wang, Wilkes, Zhang, Chang, Lang, Wang, Niu (bib0185) 2011; 142 Aslam, Choudhary, Saggar (bib0015) 2000; 77 Frey, Knorr, Parrent, Simpson (bib0070) 2004; 196 Bahn, Knapp, Garajova, Pfahringer, Cernusca (bib0020) 2006; 12 Guo, Gifford (bib0075) 2002; 8 Craine, Wedin (bib0045) 2002; 59 La Scala, Bolonhezi, Pereira (bib0110) 2006; 91 Pendall, Schwendenmann, Rahn, Miller, Tans, White (bib0155) 2010; 16 Liu, Mosier, Halvorson, Zhang (bib0140) 2006; 280 Ball, Virginia, Barrett, Parsons, Wall (bib0025) 2009; 41 Jones, Rees, Kosmas, Ball, Skiba (bib0095) 2006; 22 Soussana, Loiseau1, Vuichard, Ceschia, Balesdent, Chevallier, Arrouays (bib0180) 2004; 20 Franzluebbers, Hons, Zuberer (bib0060) 1995; 34 LeBauer, Treseder (bib0130) 2008; 89 Almagro, Lopez, Querejeta, Martinez-Mena (bib0010) 2009; 41 Burney, Davis, Lobella (bib0030) 2010; 107 Al-Kaisi, Kruse, Sawyer (bib0005) 2008; 37 Kato, Tang, Gu, Hirota, Du, Li, Zhao (bib0100) 2006; 12 Kaye, McCulley, Burke (bib0105) 2005; 11 Lal (bib0120) 2004; 123 IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), 2007. Climate change 2007: summary for policymakers. Valencia, Spain. Latif, Mehuys, Mackenzie, Alli, Fairs (bib0125) 1992; 140 Frank, Liebig, Tanaka (bib0055) 2006; 89 Mo, Zhang, Zhu, Gundersen, Fang, Li, Wang (bib0150) 2008; 14 Medina-Roldán, Paz-Ferreiro, Bardgett (bib0145) 2012; 149 Sánchez, Ozores, Colle, López, De Torre, Garcı́a, Pérez (bib0165) 2002; 47 Conant, Paustian, Elliott (bib0040) 2001; 11 Lin, Wang, Ma, Xu, Luo, Li, Jiang, Xie (bib0135) 2009; 41 Lal (bib0115) 2003; 22 Smith, Martino, Cai, Gwary, Janzen, Kumar, McCarl, Ogle, O’Mara, Rice, Scholes, Sirotenko, Howden, McAllister, Pan, Romanenkov, Schneider, Towprayoon, Wattenbach, Smith (bib0170) 2008; 363 Zhang, Song, Zheng, Wang, Wang (bib0195) 2007; 52 Dieckow, Mielniczuk, Knicker, Bayer, Dick, Koegel-Knabner (bib0050) 2005; 268 Fraser, Doran, Sahs, Lesoing (bib0065) 1988; 17 (bib0035) 1995 Qi, Dong, Liu, Domroes, Geng, Liu, Liu, Yang (bib0160) 2007; 94 WRB (bib0190) 1998 Lin (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0135) 2009; 41 Kaye (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0105) 2005; 11 Frank (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0055) 2006; 89 Craine (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0045) 2002; 59 Lal (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0120) 2004; 123 Latif (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0125) 1992; 140 Jiang (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0090) 2010; 44 (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0035) 1995 Smith (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0170) 2008; 363 Dieckow (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0050) 2005; 268 Mo (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0150) 2008; 14 Al-Kaisi (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0005) 2008; 37 Guo (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0075) 2002; 8 La Scala (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0110) 2006; 91 Jassal (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0085) 2011; 162 Wang (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0185) 2011; 142 Bahn (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0020) 2006; 12 Liu (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0140) 2006; 280 Burney (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0030) 2010; 107 LeBauer (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0130) 2008; 89 Pendall (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0155) 2010; 16 Franzluebbers (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0060) 1995; 34 Sánchez (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0165) 2002; 47 Fraser (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0065) 1988; 17 Kato (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0100) 2006; 12 Song (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0175) 2003; 48 Zhang (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0195) 2007; 52 Lal (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0115) 2003; 22 WRB (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0190) 1998 Conant (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0040) 2001; 11 Almagro (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0010) 2009; 41 Aslam (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0015) 2000; 77 Frey (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0070) 2004; 196 Medina-Roldán (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0145) 2012; 149 Ball (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0025) 2009; 41 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0080 Qi (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0160) 2007; 94 Jones (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0095) 2006; 22 Soussana (10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0180) 2004; 20 |
References_xml | – volume: 34 start-page: 41 year: 1995 end-page: 60 ident: bib0060 article-title: Tillage-induced seasonal changes in soil physical properties affecting soil CO publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research – volume: 12 start-page: 1285 year: 2006 end-page: 1298 ident: bib0100 article-title: Temperature and biomass influences on interannual changes in CO publication-title: Global Change Biology – volume: 11 start-page: 343 year: 2001 end-page: 355 ident: bib0040 article-title: Grassland management and conversion into grassland: effects on soil carbon publication-title: Ecological Applications – volume: 94 start-page: 310 year: 2007 end-page: 320 ident: bib0160 article-title: Effect of the conversion of grassland to spring wheat field on the CO publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research – volume: 41 start-page: 1510 year: 2009 end-page: 1517 ident: bib0025 article-title: Interactions between physical and biotic factors influence CO publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry – volume: 89 start-page: 371 year: 2008 end-page: 379 ident: bib0130 article-title: Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is global distributed publication-title: Ecology – volume: 77 start-page: 257 year: 2000 end-page: 262 ident: bib0015 article-title: Influence of land-use management on CO publication-title: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment – volume: 44 start-page: 2920 year: 2010 end-page: 2926 ident: bib0090 article-title: Short-term effect of increasing nitrogen deposition on CO publication-title: Atmospheric Environment – volume: 196 start-page: 159 year: 2004 end-page: 171 ident: bib0070 article-title: Chronic nitrogen enrichment affects the structure and function of the soil microbial community in temperate hardwood and pine forests publication-title: Forest Ecology and Management – volume: 59 start-page: 303 year: 2002 end-page: 313 ident: bib0045 article-title: Determinants of growing season soil CO publication-title: Biogeochemistry – year: 1995 ident: bib0035 article-title: Chinese Soil Taxonomy – year: 1998 ident: bib0190 article-title: World Reference Base for Soil Resources – volume: 162 start-page: 182 year: 2011 end-page: 186 ident: bib0085 article-title: Effect of nitrogen fertilization on soil CH publication-title: Geoderma – volume: 16 start-page: 2721 year: 2010 end-page: 2736 ident: bib0155 article-title: Land use and season affect fluxes of CO publication-title: Global Change Biology – volume: 140 start-page: 15 year: 1992 end-page: 23 ident: bib0125 article-title: Effects of legumes on soil physical quality in a maize crop publication-title: Plant and Soil – volume: 52 start-page: 529 year: 2007 end-page: 539 ident: bib0195 article-title: Effects of nitrogen on the ecosystem respiration CH publication-title: Environmental Geology – volume: 107 start-page: 12052 year: 2010 end-page: 12057 ident: bib0030 article-title: Greenhouse gas mitigation by agricultural intensification publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences – volume: 142 start-page: 329 year: 2011 end-page: 340 ident: bib0185 article-title: Management and land use change effects of northern China's grasslands on soil carbon: a synthesis publication-title: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment – volume: 91 start-page: 244 year: 2006 end-page: 248 ident: bib0110 article-title: Short term soil CO publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research – volume: 8 start-page: 345 year: 2002 end-page: 360 ident: bib0075 article-title: Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis publication-title: Global Change Biology – volume: 268 start-page: 319 year: 2005 end-page: 328 ident: bib0050 article-title: Carbon and nitrogen stocks in physical fractions of a subtropical Acrisol as influenced by long-term no-till cropping systems and N fertilization publication-title: Plant and Soil – volume: 22 start-page: 132 year: 2006 end-page: 142 ident: bib0095 article-title: Carbon sequestration in a temperate grassland; management and climatic controls publication-title: Soil Use and Management – volume: 149 start-page: 118 year: 2012 end-page: 123 ident: bib0145 article-title: Grazing exclusion affects soil and plant communities, but has no impact on soil carbon storage in an upland grassland publication-title: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment – volume: 20 start-page: 219 year: 2004 end-page: 230 ident: bib0180 article-title: Carbon cycling and sequestration opportunities in temperate grasslands publication-title: Soil Use and Management – volume: 11 start-page: 575 year: 2005 end-page: 587 ident: bib0105 article-title: Carbon fluxes, nitrogen cycling, and soil microbial communities in adjacent urban, native and agricultural ecosystems publication-title: Global Change Biology – volume: 123 start-page: 1 year: 2004 end-page: 22 ident: bib0120 article-title: Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change publication-title: Geoderma – volume: 37 start-page: 325 year: 2008 end-page: 332 ident: bib0005 article-title: Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on growing season soil carbon dioxide emission in a corn–soybean rotation publication-title: Journal of Environment Quality – volume: 41 start-page: 594 year: 2009 end-page: 605 ident: bib0010 article-title: Temperature dependence of soil CO publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry – volume: 17 start-page: 585 year: 1988 end-page: 590 ident: bib0065 article-title: Soil microbial populations and activities under conventional and organic management publication-title: Journal of Environment Quality – volume: 22 start-page: 151 year: 2003 end-page: 184 ident: bib0115 article-title: Global potential of soil carbon sequestration to mitigate the greenhouse effect publication-title: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences – volume: 280 start-page: 177 year: 2006 end-page: 188 ident: bib0140 article-title: The impact of nitrogen placement and tillage on NO, N publication-title: Plant and Soil – volume: 14 start-page: 403 year: 2008 end-page: 412 ident: bib0150 article-title: Nitrogen addition reduces soil respiration in a mature tropical forest in southern China publication-title: Global Change Biology – volume: 12 start-page: 995 year: 2006 end-page: 1006 ident: bib0020 article-title: Root respiration in temperate mountain grasslands differing in land use publication-title: Global Change Biology – reference: IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), 2007. Climate change 2007: summary for policymakers. Valencia, Spain. – volume: 89 start-page: 78 year: 2006 end-page: 85 ident: bib0055 article-title: Management effects on soil CO publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research – volume: 41 start-page: 718 year: 2009 end-page: 725 ident: bib0135 article-title: Fluxes of CO publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry – volume: 47 start-page: 837 year: 2002 end-page: 844 ident: bib0165 article-title: Soil CO publication-title: Chemosphere – volume: 363 start-page: 789 year: 2008 end-page: 813 ident: bib0170 article-title: Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture publication-title: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences – volume: 48 start-page: 2749 year: 2003 end-page: 2753 ident: bib0175 article-title: Fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane from swamp and impact factors in Sanjiang Plain, China publication-title: Chinese Science Bulletin – volume: 91 start-page: 244 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0110 article-title: Short term soil CO2 emission after conventional and reduced tillage of a no-till sugar cane area in Southern Brazil publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research doi: 10.1016/j.still.2005.11.012 – volume: 280 start-page: 177 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0140 article-title: The impact of nitrogen placement and tillage on NO, N2O, CH4 and CO2 fluxes from a clay loam soil publication-title: Plant and Soil doi: 10.1007/s11104-005-2950-8 – volume: 196 start-page: 159 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0070 article-title: Chronic nitrogen enrichment affects the structure and function of the soil microbial community in temperate hardwood and pine forests publication-title: Forest Ecology and Management doi: 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.03.018 – volume: 142 start-page: 329 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0185 article-title: Management and land use change effects of northern China's grasslands on soil carbon: a synthesis publication-title: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2011.06.002 – volume: 107 start-page: 12052 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0030 article-title: Greenhouse gas mitigation by agricultural intensification publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences doi: 10.1073/pnas.0914216107 – volume: 41 start-page: 594 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0010 article-title: Temperature dependence of soil CO2 efflux is strongly modulated by seasonal patterns of moisture availability in a Mediterranean ecosystem publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.12.021 – year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0035 – volume: 22 start-page: 151 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0115 article-title: Global potential of soil carbon sequestration to mitigate the greenhouse effect publication-title: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences doi: 10.1080/713610854 – volume: 89 start-page: 78 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0055 article-title: Management effects on soil CO2 efflux in northern semiarid grassland and cropland publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research doi: 10.1016/j.still.2005.06.009 – volume: 11 start-page: 343 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0040 article-title: Grassland management and conversion into grassland: effects on soil carbon publication-title: Ecological Applications doi: 10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[0343:GMACIG]2.0.CO;2 – volume: 94 start-page: 310 issue: 2 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0160 article-title: Effect of the conversion of grassland to spring wheat field on the CO2 emission characteristics in Inner Mongolia, China publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research doi: 10.1016/j.still.2006.08.008 – volume: 52 start-page: 529 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0195 article-title: Effects of nitrogen on the ecosystem respiration CH4 and N2O emissions to the atmosphere from the freshwater marshes in northeast China publication-title: Environmental Geology doi: 10.1007/s00254-006-0485-9 – volume: 89 start-page: 371 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0130 article-title: Nitrogen limitation of net primary productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is global distributed publication-title: Ecology doi: 10.1890/06-2057.1 – volume: 123 start-page: 1 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0120 article-title: Soil carbon sequestration to mitigate climate change publication-title: Geoderma doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2004.01.032 – volume: 14 start-page: 403 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0150 article-title: Nitrogen addition reduces soil respiration in a mature tropical forest in southern China publication-title: Global Change Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01503.x – volume: 140 start-page: 15 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0125 article-title: Effects of legumes on soil physical quality in a maize crop publication-title: Plant and Soil doi: 10.1007/BF00012802 – volume: 12 start-page: 1285 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0100 article-title: Temperature and biomass influences on interannual changes in CO2 exchange in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau publication-title: Global Change Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01153.x – volume: 77 start-page: 257 year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0015 article-title: Influence of land-use management on CO2 emissions from a silt loam soil in New Zealand publication-title: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment doi: 10.1016/S0167-8809(99)00102-4 – volume: 48 start-page: 2749 issue: 24 year: 2003 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0175 article-title: Fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane from swamp and impact factors in Sanjiang Plain, China publication-title: Chinese Science Bulletin doi: 10.1007/BF02901769 – volume: 16 start-page: 2721 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0155 article-title: Land use and season affect fluxes of CO2 CH4, CO, N2O, H2 and isotopic source signatures in Panama: evidence from nocturnal boundary layer profiles publication-title: Global Change Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02199.x – volume: 363 start-page: 789 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0170 article-title: Greenhouse gas mitigation in agriculture publication-title: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences doi: 10.1098/rstb.2007.2184 – volume: 8 start-page: 345 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0075 article-title: Soil carbon stocks and land use change: a meta analysis publication-title: Global Change Biology doi: 10.1046/j.1354-1013.2002.00486.x – volume: 22 start-page: 132 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0095 article-title: Carbon sequestration in a temperate grassland; management and climatic controls publication-title: Soil Use and Management doi: 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00036.x – volume: 149 start-page: 118 year: 2012 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0145 article-title: Grazing exclusion affects soil and plant communities, but has no impact on soil carbon storage in an upland grassland publication-title: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment doi: 10.1016/j.agee.2011.12.012 – volume: 47 start-page: 837 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0165 article-title: Soil CO2 fluxes in cereal land use of the Spanish plateau: influence of conventional and reduced tillage practices publication-title: Chemosphere doi: 10.1016/S0045-6535(02)00071-1 – ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0080 doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511546013 – volume: 20 start-page: 219 year: 2004 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0180 article-title: Carbon cycling and sequestration opportunities in temperate grasslands publication-title: Soil Use and Management doi: 10.1111/j.1475-2743.2004.tb00362.x – volume: 41 start-page: 718 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0135 article-title: Fluxes of CO2, CH4, and N2O in an alpine meadow affected by yak excreta during summer grazing periods on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.01.007 – volume: 162 start-page: 182 year: 2011 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0085 article-title: Effect of nitrogen fertilization on soil CH4 and N2O fluxes, and soil and bole respiration publication-title: Geoderma doi: 10.1016/j.geoderma.2011.02.002 – volume: 11 start-page: 575 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0105 article-title: Carbon fluxes, nitrogen cycling, and soil microbial communities in adjacent urban, native and agricultural ecosystems publication-title: Global Change Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00921.x – volume: 34 start-page: 41 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0060 article-title: Tillage-induced seasonal changes in soil physical properties affecting soil CO2 evolution under intensive cropping publication-title: Soil & Tillage Research doi: 10.1016/0167-1987(94)00450-S – volume: 44 start-page: 2920 year: 2010 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0090 article-title: Short-term effect of increasing nitrogen deposition on CO2, CH4 and N2O fluxes in an alpine meadow on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China publication-title: Atmospheric Environment doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.03.030 – volume: 41 start-page: 1510 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0025 article-title: Interactions between physical and biotic factors influence CO2 flux Antarctic dry valley soils publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry doi: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.04.011 – year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0190 – volume: 59 start-page: 303 year: 2002 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0045 article-title: Determinants of growing season soil CO2 flux in a Minnesota grassland publication-title: Biogeochemistry doi: 10.1023/A:1016019728665 – volume: 12 start-page: 995 year: 2006 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0020 article-title: Root respiration in temperate mountain grasslands differing in land use publication-title: Global Change Biology doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01144.x – volume: 37 start-page: 325 year: 2008 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0005 article-title: Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on growing season soil carbon dioxide emission in a corn–soybean rotation publication-title: Journal of Environment Quality doi: 10.2134/jeq2007.0240 – volume: 268 start-page: 319 year: 2005 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0050 article-title: Carbon and nitrogen stocks in physical fractions of a subtropical Acrisol as influenced by long-term no-till cropping systems and N fertilization publication-title: Plant and Soil doi: 10.1007/s11104-004-0330-4 – volume: 17 start-page: 585 year: 1988 ident: 10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012_bib0065 article-title: Soil microbial populations and activities under conventional and organic management publication-title: Journal of Environment Quality doi: 10.2134/jeq1988.00472425001700040011x |
SSID | ssj0004328 |
Score | 2.1914306 |
Snippet | ► Land use change did not significantly affect annual average Re except first year. ► Cropland significantly decreased Re intensity compared with abandoned... Land use change and management practices have greatly affected global carbon dynamics, especially the critical process of ecosystem respiration (Re). Our aim... |
SourceID | proquest pascalfrancis crossref fao elsevier |
SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source Publisher |
StartPage | 161 |
SubjectTerms | aboveground biomass Agricultural land Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions alpine meadow soils alpine meadows Avena sativa Biological and medical sciences carbon ecosystem management ecosystem respiration Ecosystem respiration intensity Elymus nutans Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology General agronomy. Plant production Land use change mineral fertilizers N fertilization nitrogen Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizations No-tillage pastures Plant production plateaus Sheep manure Soil science Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments |
Title | Effects of land use and management on ecosystem respiration in alpine meadow on the Tibetan plateau |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2012.05.012 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1125230035 https://www.proquest.com/docview/1449954631 |
Volume | 124 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV3Pa9swFBZZd-kOpetWmv4IKuw4L44tO_YxlJa0Y7kkgdyEJD-VlNQ2cUJv_dv7nmxnlNEcdjIxslH0pPe-5_fpE2M_jEkRxscDT0MCnrB-5mmRgpcIiBIA6wcZbU7-M4nHc_GwiBYddtPuhSFaZeP7a5_uvHVzp9-MZr9cLvtTItBTyjwIXDVhQTvYxZBm-a_XvzQPEbrzVZ2-N7VulYccxwtX0YrqD_RBkOQ7g4-i0yerCqJNqgpHztZHXvzjvV1IujtmRw2W5KO6u19ZB_IT9mX0uG70NOAbM7U6ccULy4nDyLcVcLo-72gvvMg55qC1pDNfN6V3NBdf5lytSoSh_BlnQvFCLREv8tlSA2JKXq4QqKrtdza_u53djL3mXAXPIHjaeFZlYEHoQGNgUlpHoUVUADiGgywKhY10ZDIwFLnFAIxWiZ_qODWgNGC6ZMJTdpAXOZwxbjACon39MHMFOp3AUPupr9UwsWoYxl0WtOMpTSM6TmdfrGTLLnuSzgiSjCD9SOKly37uHiprzY39zePWUPLd1JEYFfY_eIZmlQrNUsn5NKBkk8Rp0Al2We-drXf9COKQavX4x65b40tckFRlUTkU2wpTqoC-tPthtKeNEKTDh-86_9_OX7BD-lVzES_ZwWa9hSvERxvdcwugxz6P7n-PJ29DjA-9 |
linkProvider | Elsevier |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1Lb9swDCba9LDtMHQvNHu0GrDjjDi25djHoFiRvnJpAuQmSDI1ZEjtIE6wvz_SljMUw3LoyUAsGYo-i_xoUp8AvlmbE41Ph4HBDIPEhUVgkhyDLEGZIbowKnhz8v00ncyTm4VcHMFltxeGyyq97W9temOt_S8DP5uD9XI5eOACeg6Zh1GTTVgcwwmrU8kenIyvbyfTv9sj4-aI1Ubimzt04kNNmRctpBWnIPibICt4Rv9zUMdOV1w5qWuaPNeeevGPAW-80tUpvPZ0UozbEb-BIyzfwqvxz42X1MB3YFuB4lpUTnAZo9jVKPj6uK98EVUpKAxtVZ3FxmffCTGxLIVerYmJikd6Garf3JIoo5gtDRKtFOsVcVW9ew_zqx-zy0ngj1YILPGnbeB0gQ4TExnyTdoYGTsiBkjTOCxknDhppC3QsvNOhmiNzsLcpLlFbZAiJht_gF5ZlXgGwpITJIjDuGhydCbDkQnz0OhR5vQoTvsQdfOprNcd5-MvVqorMPulGhAUg6BCqejSh-_7TutWduNw87QDSj15exQ5hsMdzwhWpQmWWs0fIo43WZ-G7GAfzp9gvR9HlMacrqc_9rUDX9Ga5ESLLrHa1RRVRfyxPYzlgTZJwlJ89KyPzx38BbyYzO7v1N319PYTvOQ7bWniZ-htNzv8QnRpa879cvgDiFcSbg |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects+of+land+use+and+management+on+ecosystem+respiration+in+alpine+meadow+on+the+Tibetan+plateau&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+tillage+research&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Zhenhua&rft.au=Duan%2C+Jichuang&rft.au=Wang%2C+Shiping&rft.au=Luo%2C+Caiyun&rft.date=2012-08-01&rft.issn=0167-1987&rft.volume=124&rft.spage=161&rft.epage=169&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.still.2012.05.012&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1016_j_still_2012_05_012 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=0167-1987&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=0167-1987&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=0167-1987&client=summon |