Developing Translational Vaccines against Heroin and Fentanyl through Investigation of Adjuvants and Stability
The nearly insurmountable adversity that accompanies opioid use disorder (OUD) creates life-altering complications for opioid users. To worsen matters, existing small-molecule drugs continue to inadequately address OUD due to their engagement of the opioid receptor, which can leave the user to deal...
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Published in | Molecular pharmaceutics Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 228 - 235 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
04.01.2021
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | The nearly insurmountable adversity that accompanies opioid use disorder (OUD) creates life-altering complications for opioid users. To worsen matters, existing small-molecule drugs continue to inadequately address OUD due to their engagement of the opioid receptor, which can leave the user to deal with side effects and financial hardships from their repeated use. An alternative therapeutic approach utilizes endogenously generated antibodies through active vaccination to reduce the effect of opioids without modulating the opioid receptor. Here, we explore different adjuvants and storage conditions to improve opioid vaccine efficacy and shelf life. Our results revealed that inulin-based formulations (Advax) containing a CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) acted as effective adjuvants when combined with a heroin conjugate: immunized mice showed excellent recovery from heroin-induced antinociception accompanied by high titer, high opioid affinity serum antibodies similar to the immunopotentiating properties of traditional alum-based adjuvants. Moreover, nonhuman primates vaccinated with a heroin/fentanyl combination vaccine demonstrated potent antibody responses against opioids when formulated with both inulin and alum adjuvants. Finally, storing a freeze-dried opioid vaccine formulation maintained efficacy for up 1 year at room temperature. The results from our studies represent an advance toward a clinically feasible opioid vaccine. |
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Bibliography: | Present Address: Department of Chemistry, Southern Connecticut State University, 501 Crescent St, New Haven, Connecticut 06515, United States |
ISSN: | 1543-8384 1543-8392 |
DOI: | 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00837 |