Effect of pore-throat structure on movable fluid and gas–water seepage in tight sandstone from the southeastern Ordos Basin, China

This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize ga...

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Published inScientific reports Vol. 15; no. 1; pp. 7714 - 29
Main Authors Chang, Bin, Tong, Qiang, Cao, Cheng, Zhang, Yunde
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 05.03.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
639/4077/4082/4090
704/2151/2809
Core analysis
Development strategies
Fluid flow
Fractal dimension
Fractals
Gas–water relative permeability
Heterogeneity
Humanities and Social Sciences
Membrane permeability
multidisciplinary
Multiphase flow
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oil and gas fields
Ordos Basin
Paleozoic
Permeability
Petrography
Pore-throat structure
Reservoir management
Sandstone
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Tight sandstone gas reservoirs
Water seepage
Ordos Basin
China
Gas–water relative permeability
Tight sandstone gas reservoirs
Ordos Basin
Fractal dimension
Pore-throat structure
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Abstract This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize gas–water two-phase flow, reservoir evaluation, and development strategies. The research integrates core analysis, thin section petrography, FE-SEM, MICP, NMR, and gas–water relative permeability tests. By combining NMR and HPMI, it offers a comprehensive characterization of pore-throat structures across various size ranges, and applies fractal dimensions to assess heterogeneity at multiple scales. Results indicate that the reservoir’s pore space is primarily composed of dissolved pores and micropores with limited connectivity and low permeability, influenced by clay content and pore-throat morphology. The pore-throat structure exhibits fractal characteristics with distinct large and small pore-throats. Larger pore-throats (> 0.1 μm) are more heterogeneous, while smaller pore-throats exhibit less variation. Permeability is largely controlled by larger pore-throats, which enhance reservoir properties. Well-developed pore-throat structures promote the occurrence of movable fluids and improve the seepage capacity of both gas and water. Larger pore-throats (> 1 μm) significantly increase relative permeability and gas displacement efficiency. A new reservoir quality parameter (H) is introduced, classifying reservoirs into four types, with Type I being most favorable for development. This parameter can be directly applied to improve reservoir management and to maximize gas recovery and optimize fluid flow. This study enhances understanding of fluid flow in tight sandstone gas reservoirs and provides a novel framework for efficient reservoir evaluation, management, and optimization in reservoir development.
AbstractList This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize gas–water two-phase flow, reservoir evaluation, and development strategies. The research integrates core analysis, thin section petrography, FE-SEM, MICP, NMR, and gas–water relative permeability tests. By combining NMR and HPMI, it offers a comprehensive characterization of pore-throat structures across various size ranges, and applies fractal dimensions to assess heterogeneity at multiple scales. Results indicate that the reservoir’s pore space is primarily composed of dissolved pores and micropores with limited connectivity and low permeability, influenced by clay content and pore-throat morphology. The pore-throat structure exhibits fractal characteristics with distinct large and small pore-throats. Larger pore-throats (> 0.1 μm) are more heterogeneous, while smaller pore-throats exhibit less variation. Permeability is largely controlled by larger pore-throats, which enhance reservoir properties. Well-developed pore-throat structures promote the occurrence of movable fluids and improve the seepage capacity of both gas and water. Larger pore-throats (> 1 μm) significantly increase relative permeability and gas displacement efficiency. A new reservoir quality parameter (H) is introduced, classifying reservoirs into four types, with Type I being most favorable for development. This parameter can be directly applied to improve reservoir management and to maximize gas recovery and optimize fluid flow. This study enhances understanding of fluid flow in tight sandstone gas reservoirs and provides a novel framework for efficient reservoir evaluation, management, and optimization in reservoir development.
This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize gas–water two-phase flow, reservoir evaluation, and development strategies. The research integrates core analysis, thin section petrography, FE-SEM, MICP, NMR, and gas–water relative permeability tests. By combining NMR and HPMI, it offers a comprehensive characterization of pore-throat structures across various size ranges, and applies fractal dimensions to assess heterogeneity at multiple scales. Results indicate that the reservoir’s pore space is primarily composed of dissolved pores and micropores with limited connectivity and low permeability, influenced by clay content and pore-throat morphology. The pore-throat structure exhibits fractal characteristics with distinct large and small pore-throats. Larger pore-throats (> 0.1 μm) are more heterogeneous, while smaller pore-throats exhibit less variation. Permeability is largely controlled by larger pore-throats, which enhance reservoir properties. Well-developed pore-throat structures promote the occurrence of movable fluids and improve the seepage capacity of both gas and water. Larger pore-throats (> 1 μm) significantly increase relative permeability and gas displacement efficiency. A new reservoir quality parameter (H) is introduced, classifying reservoirs into four types, with Type I being most favorable for development. This parameter can be directly applied to improve reservoir management and to maximize gas recovery and optimize fluid flow. This study enhances understanding of fluid flow in tight sandstone gas reservoirs and provides a novel framework for efficient reservoir evaluation, management, and optimization in reservoir development.
Abstract This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize gas–water two-phase flow, reservoir evaluation, and development strategies. The research integrates core analysis, thin section petrography, FE-SEM, MICP, NMR, and gas–water relative permeability tests. By combining NMR and HPMI, it offers a comprehensive characterization of pore-throat structures across various size ranges, and applies fractal dimensions to assess heterogeneity at multiple scales. Results indicate that the reservoir’s pore space is primarily composed of dissolved pores and micropores with limited connectivity and low permeability, influenced by clay content and pore-throat morphology. The pore-throat structure exhibits fractal characteristics with distinct large and small pore-throats. Larger pore-throats (> 0.1 μm) are more heterogeneous, while smaller pore-throats exhibit less variation. Permeability is largely controlled by larger pore-throats, which enhance reservoir properties. Well-developed pore-throat structures promote the occurrence of movable fluids and improve the seepage capacity of both gas and water. Larger pore-throats (> 1 μm) significantly increase relative permeability and gas displacement efficiency. A new reservoir quality parameter (H) is introduced, classifying reservoirs into four types, with Type I being most favorable for development. This parameter can be directly applied to improve reservoir management and to maximize gas recovery and optimize fluid flow. This study enhances understanding of fluid flow in tight sandstone gas reservoirs and provides a novel framework for efficient reservoir evaluation, management, and optimization in reservoir development.
This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize gas-water two-phase flow, reservoir evaluation, and development strategies. The research integrates core analysis, thin section petrography, FE-SEM, MICP, NMR, and gas-water relative permeability tests. By combining NMR and HPMI, it offers a comprehensive characterization of pore-throat structures across various size ranges, and applies fractal dimensions to assess heterogeneity at multiple scales. Results indicate that the reservoir's pore space is primarily composed of dissolved pores and micropores with limited connectivity and low permeability, influenced by clay content and pore-throat morphology. The pore-throat structure exhibits fractal characteristics with distinct large and small pore-throats. Larger pore-throats (> 0.1 μm) are more heterogeneous, while smaller pore-throats exhibit less variation. Permeability is largely controlled by larger pore-throats, which enhance reservoir properties. Well-developed pore-throat structures promote the occurrence of movable fluids and improve the seepage capacity of both gas and water. Larger pore-throats (> 1 μm) significantly increase relative permeability and gas displacement efficiency. A new reservoir quality parameter (H) is introduced, classifying reservoirs into four types, with Type I being most favorable for development. This parameter can be directly applied to improve reservoir management and to maximize gas recovery and optimize fluid flow. This study enhances understanding of fluid flow in tight sandstone gas reservoirs and provides a novel framework for efficient reservoir evaluation, management, and optimization in reservoir development.This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus on the Yan'an gas field. The aim is to analyze the micro-pore-throat characteristics and their influence on fluid seepage to optimize gas-water two-phase flow, reservoir evaluation, and development strategies. The research integrates core analysis, thin section petrography, FE-SEM, MICP, NMR, and gas-water relative permeability tests. By combining NMR and HPMI, it offers a comprehensive characterization of pore-throat structures across various size ranges, and applies fractal dimensions to assess heterogeneity at multiple scales. Results indicate that the reservoir's pore space is primarily composed of dissolved pores and micropores with limited connectivity and low permeability, influenced by clay content and pore-throat morphology. The pore-throat structure exhibits fractal characteristics with distinct large and small pore-throats. Larger pore-throats (> 0.1 μm) are more heterogeneous, while smaller pore-throats exhibit less variation. Permeability is largely controlled by larger pore-throats, which enhance reservoir properties. Well-developed pore-throat structures promote the occurrence of movable fluids and improve the seepage capacity of both gas and water. Larger pore-throats (> 1 μm) significantly increase relative permeability and gas displacement efficiency. A new reservoir quality parameter (H) is introduced, classifying reservoirs into four types, with Type I being most favorable for development. This parameter can be directly applied to improve reservoir management and to maximize gas recovery and optimize fluid flow. This study enhances understanding of fluid flow in tight sandstone gas reservoirs and provides a novel framework for efficient reservoir evaluation, management, and optimization in reservoir development.
ArticleNumber 7714
Author Zhang, Yunde
Cao, Cheng
Chang, Bin
Tong, Qiang
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Bin
  surname: Chang
  fullname: Chang, Bin
  organization: State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Shaanxi Polytech Inst, Civil Engineering
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Qiang
  surname: Tong
  fullname: Tong, Qiang
  email: nwutongqiang@126.com
  organization: Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina
– sequence: 3
  givenname: Cheng
  surname: Cao
  fullname: Cao, Cheng
  organization: School of Mathematics and Computer Science, Shaanxi University of Technology
– sequence: 4
  givenname: Yunde
  surname: Zhang
  fullname: Zhang, Yunde
  organization: No. 2 Gas Production Plant, PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40044969$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords Gas–water relative permeability
Tight sandstone gas reservoirs
Ordos Basin
Fractal dimension
Pore-throat structure
Language English
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SSID ssj0000529419
Score 2.4583268
Snippet This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with a focus...
Abstract This study investigates the micro-pore-throat structure of Upper Paleozoic tight sandstone gas reservoirs in the southeastern Ordos Basin, China, with...
SourceID doaj
pubmedcentral
proquest
pubmed
crossref
springer
SourceType Open Website
Open Access Repository
Aggregation Database
Index Database
Publisher
StartPage 7714
SubjectTerms 639/4077/4082/4090
704/2151/2809
Core analysis
Development strategies
Fluid flow
Fractal dimension
Fractals
Gas–water relative permeability
Heterogeneity
Humanities and Social Sciences
Membrane permeability
multidisciplinary
Multiphase flow
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Oil and gas fields
Ordos Basin
Paleozoic
Permeability
Petrography
Pore-throat structure
Reservoir management
Sandstone
Science
Science (multidisciplinary)
Tight sandstone gas reservoirs
Water seepage
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Title Effect of pore-throat structure on movable fluid and gas–water seepage in tight sandstone from the southeastern Ordos Basin, China
URI https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-025-92584-7
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/40044969
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3174224939
https://www.proquest.com/docview/3174458811
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC11882982
https://doaj.org/article/b9466d85f4074b1e94e0c848250ae1e9
Volume 15
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