The role of postprandial releases of insulin and incretin hormones in meal-induced satiety-effect of obesity and weight reduction
Previous studies have indicated that the secretion of the intestinal satiety hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attenuated in obese subjects. To compare meal-induced response of GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in obese and lean male subjects, to investigate the e...
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Published in | International Journal of Obesity Vol. 25; no. 8; pp. 1206 - 1214 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Basingstoke
Nature Publishing
01.08.2001
Nature Publishing Group |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Abstract | Previous studies have indicated that the secretion of the intestinal satiety hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attenuated in obese subjects.
To compare meal-induced response of GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in obese and lean male subjects, to investigate the effect of a major weight reduction in the obese subjects, and to look for an association between these hormones and ad libitum food intake.
Plasma concentrations of intestinal hormones and appetite sensations were measured prior to, and every 30 min for 180 min after, ingestion of a 2.5 MJ solid test meal. Gastric emptying was estimated scintigraphically. An ad libitum lunch was served 3 h after the test meal.
Nineteen non-diabetic obese (body mass index (BMI) 34.1--43.8 kg/m(2)) and 12 lean (BMI 20.4--24.7 kg/m(2)) males. All obese subjects were re-examined after a mean stabilised weight loss of 18.8 kg (95% CI 14.4--23.2).
Total area under the GLP-1 response curve (AUC(total, GLP-1)) was lower in obese before and after the weight loss compared to lean subjects (P<0.05), although weight loss improved the response from 80 to 88% of that of the lean subjects (P=0.003). The GIP response was similar in obese and lean subjects. However, after the weight loss both AUC(total, GIP) and AUC(incremental, GIP) were lowered (P<0.05). An inverse correlation was observed between AUC(incremental, GIP) and energy intake at the subsequent ad libitum meal in all groups. In lean subjects ad libitum energy intake was largely predicted by the insulin response to the preceding meal (r(2)=0.67, P=0.001).
Our study confirmed previous findings of a reduced postprandial GLP-1 response in severely obese subjects. Following weight reduction, GLP-1 response in the obese subjects apparently rose to a level between that of obese and lean subjects. The data suggests that postprandial insulin and GIP responses are key players in short-term appetite regulation. |
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AbstractList | BACKGROUND:: Previous studies have indicated that the secretion of the intestinal satiety hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attenuated in obese subjects. OBJECTIVE:: To compare meal-induced response of GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in obese and lean male subjects, to investigate the effect of a major weight reduction in the obese subjects, and to look for an association between these hormones and ad libitum food intake. METHOD:: Plasma concentrations of intestinal hormones and appetite sensations were measured prior to, and every 30 min for 180 min after, ingestion of a 2.5 MJ solid test meal. Gastric emptying was estimated scintigraphically. An ad libitum lunch was served 3 h after the test meal. SUBJECTS:: Nineteen non-diabetic obese (body mass index (BMI) 34.1-43.8 kg/m2 ) and 12 lean (BMI 20.4-24.7 kg/m2 ) males. All obese subjects were re-examined after a mean stabilised weight loss of 18.8 kg (95% CI 14.4-23.2). RESULTS:: Total area under the GLP-1 response curve (AUCtotal, GLP-1 ) was lower in obese before and after the weight loss compared to lean subjects (P<0.05), although weight loss improved the response from 80 to 88% of that of the lean subjects (P=0.003). The GIP response was similar in obese and lean subjects. However, after the weight loss both AUCtotal, GIP and AUCincremental, GIP were lowered (P<0.05). An inverse correlation was observed between AUCincremental, GIP and energy intake at the subsequent ad libitum meal in all groups. In lean subjects ad libitum energy intake was largely predicted by the insulin response to the preceding meal (r2 =0.67, P=0.001). CONCLUSION:: Our study confirmed previous findings of a reduced postprandial GLP-1 response in severely obese subjects. Following weight reduction, GLP-1 response in the obese subjects apparently rose to a level between that of obese and lean subjects. The data suggests that postprandial insulin and GIP responses are key players in short-term appetite regulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY: (2001) 25, 1206-1214 Previous studies have indicated that the secretion of the intestinal satiety hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attenuated in obese subjects. To compare meal-induced response of GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) in obese and lean male subjects, to investigate the effect of a major weight reduction in the obese subjects, and to look for an association between these hormones and ad libitum food intake. Plasma concentrations of intestinal hormones and appetite sensations were measured prior to, and every 30 min for 180 min after, ingestion of a 2.5 MJ solid test meal. Gastric emptying was estimated scintigraphically. An ad libitum lunch was served 3 h after the test meal. Nineteen non-diabetic obese (body mass index (BMI) 34.1--43.8 kg/m(2)) and 12 lean (BMI 20.4--24.7 kg/m(2)) males. All obese subjects were re-examined after a mean stabilised weight loss of 18.8 kg (95% CI 14.4--23.2). Total area under the GLP-1 response curve (AUC(total, GLP-1)) was lower in obese before and after the weight loss compared to lean subjects (P<0.05), although weight loss improved the response from 80 to 88% of that of the lean subjects (P=0.003). The GIP response was similar in obese and lean subjects. However, after the weight loss both AUC(total, GIP) and AUC(incremental, GIP) were lowered (P<0.05). An inverse correlation was observed between AUC(incremental, GIP) and energy intake at the subsequent ad libitum meal in all groups. In lean subjects ad libitum energy intake was largely predicted by the insulin response to the preceding meal (r(2)=0.67, P=0.001). Our study confirmed previous findings of a reduced postprandial GLP-1 response in severely obese subjects. Following weight reduction, GLP-1 response in the obese subjects apparently rose to a level between that of obese and lean subjects. The data suggests that postprandial insulin and GIP responses are key players in short-term appetite regulation. |
Author | TOUBRO, S LYSGARD MADSEN, J VERDICH, C BUEMANN, B JUUL HOLST, J ASTRUP, A |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: C surname: VERDICH fullname: VERDICH, C organization: Research Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark – sequence: 2 givenname: S surname: TOUBRO fullname: TOUBRO, S organization: Research Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark – sequence: 3 givenname: B surname: BUEMANN fullname: BUEMANN, B organization: Research Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark – sequence: 4 givenname: J surname: LYSGARD MADSEN fullname: LYSGARD MADSEN, J organization: Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Hvidovre Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark – sequence: 5 givenname: J surname: JUUL HOLST fullname: JUUL HOLST, J organization: Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark – sequence: 6 givenname: A surname: ASTRUP fullname: ASTRUP, A organization: Research Department of Human Nutrition, Centre for Advanced Food Studies, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Frederiksberg, Denmark |
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Keywords | Appetite Human Obesity Pathophysiology Postprandial Weight loss Hormonal regulation Satiety Insulin Glucagon like peptide 1 Endocrine secretion |
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References | E Näslund (BF0801655_CR6) 1999; 23 SHA Holt (BF0801655_CR20) 1996; 50 L Ranganath (BF0801655_CR13) 1999; 96 JP Gutzwiller (BF0801655_CR5) 1999; 44 MD Turton (BF0801655_CR9) 1996; 379 P Fieseler (BF0801655_CR21) 1995; 268 JJ Holst (BF0801655_CR14) 1983; 7 R Ebert (BF0801655_CR29) 1992; 26 EL Mazzaferri (BF0801655_CR32) 1984; 58 K Cunningham (BF0801655_CR34) 1991; 32 IM Chapman (BF0801655_CR38) 1998; 274 SC Woods (BF0801655_CR39) 1979; 282 DP Speechly (BF0801655_CR19) 2000; 54 L Ranganath (BF0801655_CR26) 1999; 29 A Flint (BF0801655_CR8) 1999; 23 P Layer (BF0801655_CR4) 1995; 40 A Raben (BF0801655_CR18) 1997; 66 T Krarup (BF0801655_CR23) 1983; 56 CF Deacon (BF0801655_CR25) 1996; 271 H Nakabayashi (BF0801655_CR42) 1996; 271 BA Swinburn (BF0801655_CR37) 1991; 88 HJ Balkes (BF0801655_CR41) 1997; 85 NW Read (BF0801655_CR1) 1992; 51 LR Ranganath (BF0801655_CR12) 1996; 38 BT Schjoldager (BF0801655_CR3) 1989; 34 IR Jones (BF0801655_CR28) 1989; 15 CF Deacon (BF0801655_CR40) 1995; 80 PH Groop (BF0801655_CR30) 1989; 49 A Beck (BF0801655_CR35) 1986; 40C RA Reimer (BF0801655_CR36) 1996; 137 C Ørskov (BF0801655_CR10) 1996; 45 C Ørskov (BF0801655_CR24) 1994; 43 C Verdich (BF0801655_CR22) 2000; 24 A Wettergren (BF0801655_CR2) 1993; 38 L Hansen (BF0801655_CR43) 1999; 141 DL Sarson (BF0801655_CR27) 1983; 25 A Raben (BF0801655_CR17) 1994; 60 LM Morgan (BF0801655_CR31) 1988; 60 E Näslund (BF0801655_CR11) 1998; 43 A Raben (BF0801655_CR16) 1994; 267 A Flint (BF0801655_CR7) 1998; 101 C Thomsen (BF0801655_CR33) 1999; 69 JJ Holst (BF0801655_CR15) 1979; 14 |
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Snippet | Previous studies have indicated that the secretion of the intestinal satiety hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attenuated in obese subjects.
To... BACKGROUND:: Previous studies have indicated that the secretion of the intestinal satiety hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is attenuated in obese... |
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SubjectTerms | Absorptiometry, Photon Adult Appetite Appetite - physiology Area Under Curve Biological and medical sciences Body mass index Diabetes Energy Intake Food Gastric Emptying Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Glucagon Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Glucagon-Like Peptides Glucose Hormones Humans Ingestion Insulin Insulin - metabolism Insulin Resistance Insulin Secretion Male Medical sciences Metabolic diseases Middle Aged Nutrition research Obesity Obesity - blood Obesity - metabolism Peptide Fragments - metabolism Physiology Polypeptides Postprandial Period Satiation - physiology Weight control Weight Loss - physiology |
Title | The role of postprandial releases of insulin and incretin hormones in meal-induced satiety-effect of obesity and weight reduction |
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