Predicting gut microbiota dynamics in obese individuals from cross-sectional data

Obesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic composition rather than the dynamic interactions between microbial taxa. We applied BEEM-Static, a generalized Lotka-Volterra model, to cross-sectiona...

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Published inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology Vol. 15; p. 1485791
Main Authors Melvan, Ena, Allen, Andrew P., Vuckovic, Tea, Soljic, Irena, Starcevic, Antonio
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LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland Frontiers Media S.A 10.06.2025
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Abstract Obesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic composition rather than the dynamic interactions between microbial taxa. We applied BEEM-Static, a generalized Lotka-Volterra model, to cross-sectional 16S rRNA gut microbiome data from six public datasets, comprising 2,435 profiles from lean and obese individuals. A total of 57 significant microbial interactions were identified in obese individuals (79% negative), compared to 37 in lean individuals (92% negative). For example, Bacteroidetes showed a stronger inhibitory effect on Firmicutes in obese individuals (-0.41) than in lean ones (-0.26). Firmicutes and Proteobacteria exhibited consistently higher carrying capacities in obese populations. These findings suggest that microbial interaction networks-not just taxonomic abundance-play a key role in obesity-related dysbiosis. Our approach enables the inference of microbiota dynamics from a single time point, paving the way for tailored dietary interventions, which we refer to as .
AbstractList IntroductionObesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic composition rather than the dynamic interactions between microbial taxa.MethodsWe applied BEEM-Static, a generalized Lotka-Volterra model, to cross-sectional 16S rRNA gut microbiome data from six public datasets, comprising 2,435 profiles from lean and obese individuals.ResultsA total of 57 significant microbial interactions were identified in obese individuals (79% negative), compared to 37 in lean individuals (92% negative). For example, Bacteroidetes showed a stronger inhibitory effect on Firmicutes in obese individuals (−0.41) than in lean ones (−0.26). Firmicutes and Proteobacteria exhibited consistently higher carrying capacities in obese populations.DiscussionThese findings suggest that microbial interaction networks—not just taxonomic abundance—play a key role in obesity-related dysbiosis. Our approach enables the inference of microbiota dynamics from a single time point, paving the way for tailored dietary interventions, which we refer to as Optibiomics.
Obesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic composition rather than the dynamic interactions between microbial taxa. We applied BEEM-Static, a generalized Lotka-Volterra model, to cross-sectional 16S rRNA gut microbiome data from six public datasets, comprising 2,435 profiles from lean and obese individuals. A total of 57 significant microbial interactions were identified in obese individuals (79% negative), compared to 37 in lean individuals (92% negative). For example, Bacteroidetes showed a stronger inhibitory effect on Firmicutes in obese individuals (-0.41) than in lean ones (-0.26). Firmicutes and Proteobacteria exhibited consistently higher carrying capacities in obese populations. These findings suggest that microbial interaction networks-not just taxonomic abundance-play a key role in obesity-related dysbiosis. Our approach enables the inference of microbiota dynamics from a single time point, paving the way for tailored dietary interventions, which we refer to as .
Obesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic composition rather than the dynamic interactions between microbial taxa.IntroductionObesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic composition rather than the dynamic interactions between microbial taxa.We applied BEEM-Static, a generalized Lotka-Volterra model, to cross-sectional 16S rRNA gut microbiome data from six public datasets, comprising 2,435 profiles from lean and obese individuals.MethodsWe applied BEEM-Static, a generalized Lotka-Volterra model, to cross-sectional 16S rRNA gut microbiome data from six public datasets, comprising 2,435 profiles from lean and obese individuals.A total of 57 significant microbial interactions were identified in obese individuals (79% negative), compared to 37 in lean individuals (92% negative). For example, Bacteroidetes showed a stronger inhibitory effect on Firmicutes in obese individuals (-0.41) than in lean ones (-0.26). Firmicutes and Proteobacteria exhibited consistently higher carrying capacities in obese populations.ResultsA total of 57 significant microbial interactions were identified in obese individuals (79% negative), compared to 37 in lean individuals (92% negative). For example, Bacteroidetes showed a stronger inhibitory effect on Firmicutes in obese individuals (-0.41) than in lean ones (-0.26). Firmicutes and Proteobacteria exhibited consistently higher carrying capacities in obese populations.These findings suggest that microbial interaction networks-not just taxonomic abundance-play a key role in obesity-related dysbiosis. Our approach enables the inference of microbiota dynamics from a single time point, paving the way for tailored dietary interventions, which we refer to as Optibiomics.DiscussionThese findings suggest that microbial interaction networks-not just taxonomic abundance-play a key role in obesity-related dysbiosis. Our approach enables the inference of microbiota dynamics from a single time point, paving the way for tailored dietary interventions, which we refer to as Optibiomics.
Author Starcevic, Antonio
Soljic, Irena
Vuckovic, Tea
Allen, Andrew P.
Melvan, Ena
AuthorAffiliation 3 Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb , Zagreb , Croatia
2 Research and Development Department , Metabelly, Split , Croatia
1 School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University , Sydney, NSW , Australia
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Keywords GLV method
dietary interventions
microbial interactions
microbiome dynamics
gut microbiota
obesity
personalized nutrition
Language English
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Snippet Obesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static taxonomic...
IntroductionObesity affects approximately 39% of adults worldwide. While gut microbiota has been linked to obesity, most research has focused on static...
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SubjectTerms Adult
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - genetics
Bacteria - isolation & purification
Bacteroidetes
Cellular and Infection Microbiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
dietary interventions
Dysbiosis - microbiology
Female
Firmicutes - genetics
Firmicutes - isolation & purification
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
GLV method
gut microbiota
Humans
Male
Microbial Interactions
obesity
Obesity - microbiology
personalized nutrition
RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics
Title Predicting gut microbiota dynamics in obese individuals from cross-sectional data
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