Transcriptome analysis in human breast milk and blood in a randomized trial after inactivated or attenuated influenza immunization

Transcriptomic signatures were identified in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and breast milk lymphocyte (BML) cells induced by trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) or live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) administered after delivery. We performed an RNA-Seq analysis on b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published innpj vaccines Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 53 - 9
Main Authors Schlaudecker, Elizabeth P., Jensen, Travis L., Gelber, Casey E., Dexheimer, Phillip J., Steinhoff, Mark C., Bernstein, David I., Goll, Johannes B.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published London Nature Publishing Group UK 20.03.2025
Nature Publishing Group
Nature Portfolio
Subjects
631/250/255/1578
631/250/590/1867
631/250/590/1883
631/326/590/1867
631/326/590/1883
Antibodies
Babies
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Breast feeding
Breast milk
Breastfeeding & lactation
Gene expression
Genomics
Illnesses
Immunity (Disease)
Immunization
Immunoglobulins
Infectious Diseases
Lymphocytes
Medical Microbiology
Postpartum period
Public Health
Swine flu
Umbilical cord
Vaccine
Vaccines
Virology
Womens health
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Summary:Transcriptomic signatures were identified in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and breast milk lymphocyte (BML) cells induced by trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) or live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) administered after delivery. We performed an RNA-Seq analysis on blood and breast milk samples from a subset of subjects enrolled in a randomized, double-blind controlled study in breastfeeding women who received either intranasal LAIV and intramuscular placebo, or intramuscular TIV and intranasal placebo (LAIV, n  = 10 and TIV, n  = 6). Differentially expressed genes, gene clusters, and enriched pathways were identified. We observed increased innate immune signaling responses in BML but not in PBMC at Day 28 for the LAIV group. We hypothesize that breastfeeding extended the innate response to LAIV via mucosal immunity. An association between an increased IgG antibody response in TIV vs. LAIV identified in the parent study using ELISA corresponded to IGHG1 immunoglobulin gene expression in Day 28 PBMCs.
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ObjectType-Evidence Based Healthcare-3
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ISSN:2059-0105
2059-0105
DOI:10.1038/s41541-025-01072-6