A shared promoter region suggests a common ancestor for the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG gene families and the murine CYPT family

Many testis‐specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search,...

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Published inMolecular reproduction and development Vol. 75; no. 2; pp. 219 - 229
Main Authors Hansen, Martin A., Nielsen, John E., Retelska, Dorota, Larsen, Niels, Leffers, Henrik
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01.02.2008
Wiley-Liss
Subjects
Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Antigens, Neoplasm - genetics
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Conserved Sequence
DNA Primers
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary genetics
Expressed Sequence Tags
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene conversion
Gene expression
Gene families
Genomes
genomics
Germ cells
Homology
Hormone metabolism and regulation
Humans
Mammalian male genital system
Mice
Molecular Sequence Data
Multigene Family
Neoplasm Proteins - genetics
Nuclear Proteins - genetics
Pachytene
promoter
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Promoters
Protein structure
Proteins - genetics
Sex chromosomes
Somatic cells
Spermatids
Spermatocytes
spermatogenesis
testis
Vertebrates: reproduction
Human
Spermatogenesis
Rodentia
evolution
testis
Gene expression
Testicle
Male genital system
Promoter
Vertebrata
Mammalia
Mouse
Localization
Comparative study
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Abstract Many testis‐specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y, SPANX, or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter‐like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 219–229, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
AbstractList Many testis-specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y, SPANX, or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter-like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths.Many testis-specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y, SPANX, or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter-like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths.
Many testis-specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y, SPANX, or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter-like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths.
Many testis‐specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y , SPANX , or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter‐like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y , SPANX , and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 219–229, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Many testis‐specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y, SPANX, or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter‐like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 219–229, 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Many testis-specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome. The murine CYPT gene family includes 15 members, but orthologs were undetectable in the human genome. However, using refined homology search, sequences corresponding to the shared promoter region of the CYPT family were identified at 39 loci. Most loci were located immediately upstream of genes belonging to the VCX/Y, SPANX, or CSAG gene families. Sequence comparison of the loci revealed a conserved CYPT promoter-like (CPL) element featuring TATA and CCAAT boxes. The expression of members of the three families harboring the CPL resembled the murine expression of the CYPT family, with weak expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and predominant expression in spermatids, but some genes were also weakly expressed in somatic cells and in other germ cell types. The genomic regions harboring the gene families were rich in direct and inverted segmental duplications (SD), which may facilitate gene conversion and rapid evolution. The conserved CPL and the common expression profiles suggest that the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG2 gene families together with the murine SPANX gene and the CYPT family may share a common ancestor. Finally, we present evidence that VCX/Y and SPANX may be paralogs with a similar protein structure consisting of C terminal acidic repeats of variable lengths. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 75: 219-229, 2008.
Author Nielsen, John E.
Larsen, Niels
Leffers, Henrik
Hansen, Martin A.
Retelska, Dorota
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Issue 2
Keywords Human
Spermatogenesis
Rodentia
evolution
testis
Gene expression
Testicle
Male genital system
Promoter
Vertebrata
Mammalia
Mouse
Localization
Comparative study
Language English
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2001; 165
1991; 16
2006; 73
2002; 297
2004; 27
2006; 16
2002; 12
2000; 9
2005; 434
2000; 63
2000; 20
2004; 4
2003; 13
2002; 3
2001; 409
1993; 90
2005; 26
1996; 16
2001; 64
2004; 32
2004; 431
2004; 10
2003; 309
1993; 13
2004; 71
2002; 285
2005; 102
2001; 291
2004; 14
2000; 403
2004; 151
1994; 120
1999; 59
2002; 420
2003; 47
2003; 4
2006; 29
2000; 163
2005; 309
2005; 15
2003; 423
1990; 212
1996; 43
2005; 33
Feller AJ (e_1_2_1_11_1) 2000; 20
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Zendman AJ (e_1_2_1_47_1) 1999; 59
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Scanlan MJ (e_1_2_1_32_1) 2004; 4
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Zambrowicz BP (e_1_2_1_46_1) 1994; 120
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Snippet Many testis‐specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome....
Many testis-specific genes from the sex chromosomes are subject to rapid evolution, which can make it difficult to identify murine genes in the human genome....
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StartPage 219
SubjectTerms Amino Acid Sequence
Animals
Antigens, Neoplasm - genetics
Base Sequence
Biological and medical sciences
Conserved Sequence
DNA Primers
Evolution
Evolution, Molecular
Evolutionary genetics
Expressed Sequence Tags
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gene conversion
Gene expression
Gene families
Genomes
genomics
Germ cells
Homology
Hormone metabolism and regulation
Humans
Mammalian male genital system
Mice
Molecular Sequence Data
Multigene Family
Neoplasm Proteins - genetics
Nuclear Proteins - genetics
Pachytene
promoter
Promoter Regions, Genetic
Promoters
Protein structure
Proteins - genetics
Sex chromosomes
Somatic cells
Spermatids
Spermatocytes
spermatogenesis
testis
Vertebrates: reproduction
Title A shared promoter region suggests a common ancestor for the human VCX/Y, SPANX, and CSAG gene families and the murine CYPT family
URI https://api.istex.fr/ark:/67375/WNG-XFKPCG5D-3/fulltext.pdf
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002%2Fmrd.20651
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17342728
https://www.proquest.com/docview/20642439
https://www.proquest.com/docview/70101184
Volume 75
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