Trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health: Results from the CLSA COVID-19 Questionnaire Study

•In April-December 2020, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged.•The prevalence of self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased.•Relative and absolute income-related inequalities in anxiety and feeling unwell were unchanged.•The early pandemic in Canada neither equalized nor exacerbated in...

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Published inHealth policy (Amsterdam) Vol. 131; p. 104758
Main Authors Asada, Yukiko, Grignon, Michel, Hurley, Jeremiah, Stewart, Samuel A., Smith, Nathan K., Kirkland, Susan, McMillan, Jacqueline, Griffith, Lauren E., Wolfson, Christina, Raina, Parminder
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Ireland Elsevier B.V 01.05.2023
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Abstract •In April-December 2020, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged.•The prevalence of self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased.•Relative and absolute income-related inequalities in anxiety and feeling unwell were unchanged.•The early pandemic in Canada neither equalized nor exacerbated inequality. As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe changes in the prevalence and absolute and relative income-related inequalities of mental health between April and December 2020 in Canada. We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Study and the pre-pandemic CLSA Follow-up 1. We estimated the prevalence proportion, the concentration index (relative inequality), and the generalized concentration index (absolute inequality) for anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell at multiple points in April-December 2020, overall, by sex and age group, by region, and among those who reported poor or fair overall health and mental health pre-pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged (22.45 to 22.10%, p = 0.231), but self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased (9.83 to 5.94%, p = 0.004). Relative and absolute income-related inequalities were unchanged for both anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell, with exceptions of an increased concentration of self-reported feeling generally unwell among the poor, measured by the concentration index, overall (-0.054 to -0.115, p = 0.004) and in Ontario (-0.035 to -0.123, p = 0.047) and British Columbia (-0.055 to -0.141, p = 0.044). The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to neither exacerbate nor ameliorate existing income-related inequalities in mental health among older adults in Canada between April and December 2020. Continued monitoring of inequalities is necessary.
AbstractList •In April-December 2020, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged.•The prevalence of self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased.•Relative and absolute income-related inequalities in anxiety and feeling unwell were unchanged.•The early pandemic in Canada neither equalized nor exacerbated inequality. As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe changes in the prevalence and absolute and relative income-related inequalities of mental health between April and December 2020 in Canada. We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Study and the pre-pandemic CLSA Follow-up 1. We estimated the prevalence proportion, the concentration index (relative inequality), and the generalized concentration index (absolute inequality) for anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell at multiple points in April-December 2020, overall, by sex and age group, by region, and among those who reported poor or fair overall health and mental health pre-pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged (22.45 to 22.10%, p = 0.231), but self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased (9.83 to 5.94%, p = 0.004). Relative and absolute income-related inequalities were unchanged for both anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell, with exceptions of an increased concentration of self-reported feeling generally unwell among the poor, measured by the concentration index, overall (-0.054 to -0.115, p = 0.004) and in Ontario (-0.035 to -0.123, p = 0.047) and British Columbia (-0.055 to -0.141, p = 0.044). The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to neither exacerbate nor ameliorate existing income-related inequalities in mental health among older adults in Canada between April and December 2020. Continued monitoring of inequalities is necessary.
As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe changes in the prevalence and absolute and relative income-related inequalities of mental health between April and December 2020 in Canada. We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Study and the pre-pandemic CLSA Follow-up 1. We estimated the prevalence proportion, the concentration index (relative inequality), and the generalized concentration index (absolute inequality) for anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell at multiple points in April-December 2020, overall, by sex and age group, by region, and among those who reported poor or fair overall health and mental health pre-pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged (22.45 to 22.10%, p = 0.231), but self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased (9.83 to 5.94%, p = 0.004). Relative and absolute income-related inequalities were unchanged for both anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell, with exceptions of an increased concentration of self-reported feeling generally unwell among the poor, measured by the concentration index, overall (-0.054 to -0.115, p = 0.004) and in Ontario (-0.035 to -0.123, p = 0.047) and British Columbia (-0.055 to -0.141, p = 0.044). The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to neither exacerbate nor ameliorate existing income-related inequalities in mental health among older adults in Canada between April and December 2020. Continued monitoring of inequalities is necessary.
As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe changes in the prevalence and absolute and relative income-related inequalities of mental health between April and December 2020 in Canada. We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Study and the pre-pandemic CLSA Follow-up 1. We estimated the prevalence proportion, the concentration index (relative inequality), and the generalized concentration index (absolute inequality) for anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell at multiple points in April-December 2020, overall, by sex and age group, by region, and among those who reported poor or fair overall health and mental health pre-pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged (22.45 to 22.10%, p=0.231), but self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased (9.83 to 5.94%, p=0.004). Relative and absolute income-related inequalities were unchanged for both anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell, with exceptions of an increased concentration of self-reported feeling generally unwell among the poor, measured by the concentration index, overall (-0.054 to -0.115, p=0.004) and in Ontario (-0.035 to -0.123, p=0.047) and British Columbia (-0.055 to -0.141, p=0.044). The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to neither exacerbate nor ameliorate existing income-related inequalities in mental health among older adults in Canada between April and December 2020. Continued monitoring of inequalities is necessary.
As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe changes in the prevalence and absolute and relative income-related inequalities of mental health between April and December 2020 in Canada. We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Study and the pre-pandemic CLSA Follow-up 1. We estimated the prevalence proportion, the concentration index (relative inequality), and the generalized concentration index (absolute inequality) for anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell at multiple points in April-December 2020, overall, by sex and age group, by region, and among those who reported poor or fair overall health and mental health pre-pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged (22.45 to 22.10%, p = 0.231), but self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased (9.83 to 5.94%, p = 0.004). Relative and absolute income-related inequalities were unchanged for both anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell, with exceptions of an increased concentration of self-reported feeling generally unwell among the poor, measured by the concentration index, overall (-0.054 to -0.115, p = 0.004) and in Ontario (-0.035 to -0.123, p = 0.047) and British Columbia (-0.055 to -0.141, p = 0.044). The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to neither exacerbate nor ameliorate existing income-related inequalities in mental health among older adults in Canada between April and December 2020. Continued monitoring of inequalities is necessary.As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe changes in the prevalence and absolute and relative income-related inequalities of mental health between April and December 2020 in Canada. We used data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (CLSA) COVID-19 Questionnaire Study and the pre-pandemic CLSA Follow-up 1. We estimated the prevalence proportion, the concentration index (relative inequality), and the generalized concentration index (absolute inequality) for anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell at multiple points in April-December 2020, overall, by sex and age group, by region, and among those who reported poor or fair overall health and mental health pre-pandemic. Overall, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged (22.45 to 22.10%, p = 0.231), but self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased (9.83 to 5.94%, p = 0.004). Relative and absolute income-related inequalities were unchanged for both anxiety and self-reported feeling generally unwell, with exceptions of an increased concentration of self-reported feeling generally unwell among the poor, measured by the concentration index, overall (-0.054 to -0.115, p = 0.004) and in Ontario (-0.035 to -0.123, p = 0.047) and British Columbia (-0.055 to -0.141, p = 0.044). The COVID-19 pandemic appeared to neither exacerbate nor ameliorate existing income-related inequalities in mental health among older adults in Canada between April and December 2020. Continued monitoring of inequalities is necessary.
ArticleNumber 104758
Author Grignon, Michel
Stewart, Samuel A.
Kirkland, Susan
Griffith, Lauren E.
Asada, Yukiko
Hurley, Jeremiah
Raina, Parminder
Smith, Nathan K.
Wolfson, Christina
McMillan, Jacqueline
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  givenname: Jeremiah
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  givenname: Susan
  surname: Kirkland
  fullname: Kirkland, Susan
  email: susan.kirkland@dal.ca
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  givenname: Jacqueline
  surname: McMillan
  fullname: McMillan, Jacqueline
  email: Jacqueline.McMillan@albertahealthservices.ca
  organization: Department of Medicine, Section of Geriatric Medicine and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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  givenname: Lauren E.
  surname: Griffith
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– sequence: 9
  givenname: Christina
  surname: Wolfson
  fullname: Wolfson, Christina
  email: christina.wolfson@mcgill.ca
  organization: Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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  givenname: Parminder
  surname: Raina
  fullname: Raina, Parminder
  email: praina@mcmaster.ca
  organization: McMaster Institute for Research on Aging, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Keywords COVID-19
Health inequalities
Mental health
Language English
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Snippet •In April-December 2020, the prevalence of anxiety remained unchanged.•The prevalence of self-reported feeling generally unwell decreased.•Relative and...
As the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic prolongs, documenting trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health is important. We describe...
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StartPage 104758
SubjectTerms Aged
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
Health inequalities
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Mental Health
Ontario - epidemiology
Pandemics
Socioeconomic Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
Title Trajectories of the socioeconomic gradient of mental health: Results from the CLSA COVID-19 Questionnaire Study
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2023.104758
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36924671
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2791382182
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC9985544
Volume 131
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