Association between thyroid hormones and body fat in euthyroid subjects
Summary Objective Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyrio...
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| Published in | Clinical endocrinology (Oxford) Vol. 80; no. 4; pp. 585 - 590 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Oxford
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.04.2014
Blackwell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Summary
Objective
Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyriod population.
Subjects
A total of 865 euthyroid individuals were recruited in this study. Subjects with thyroid diseases or diabetes and who were taking medications that could influence thyroid hormones, weight or glucose metabolism were excluded.
Measurements
FT3, FT4, lipid parameters, fasting insulin (FINS) and blood glucose were determined, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body fat parameters were assessed.
Results
Serum FT3 was slightly higher in body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 group than that in BMI <25 kg/m2 group (P < 0·05). However, the difference was too small to have clinical significance. FT4 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (PBF), waist‐fat‐to‐hip‐fat ratio, FINS and HOMA‐IR increased linearly with the elevation of FT3 adjusted for age and gender. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that fat mass, PBF, HOMA‐IR and FT4 contributed significantly to FT3 levels.
Conclusion
Grouped according to BMI, overweight and obese subjects have similar thyroid hormones compared to those with normal weight. Body composition parameters increase with the elevation of FT3, and FT3 is associated with body fat parameters in euthyroid subjects. |
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| AbstractList | Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyriod population.OBJECTIVEThyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyriod population.A total of 865 euthyroid individuals were recruited in this study. Subjects with thyroid diseases or diabetes and who were taking medications that could influence thyroid hormones, weight or glucose metabolism were excluded.SUBJECTSA total of 865 euthyroid individuals were recruited in this study. Subjects with thyroid diseases or diabetes and who were taking medications that could influence thyroid hormones, weight or glucose metabolism were excluded.FT3, FT4, lipid parameters, fasting insulin (FINS) and blood glucose were determined, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body fat parameters were assessed.MEASUREMENTSFT3, FT4, lipid parameters, fasting insulin (FINS) and blood glucose were determined, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body fat parameters were assessed.Serum FT3 was slightly higher in body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2) group than that in BMI <25 kg/m(2) group (P < 0·05). However, the difference was too small to have clinical significance. FT4 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (PBF), waist-fat-to-hip-fat ratio, FINS and HOMA-IR increased linearly with the elevation of FT3 adjusted for age and gender. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that fat mass, PBF, HOMA-IR and FT4 contributed significantly to FT3 levels.RESULTSSerum FT3 was slightly higher in body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2) group than that in BMI <25 kg/m(2) group (P < 0·05). However, the difference was too small to have clinical significance. FT4 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (PBF), waist-fat-to-hip-fat ratio, FINS and HOMA-IR increased linearly with the elevation of FT3 adjusted for age and gender. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that fat mass, PBF, HOMA-IR and FT4 contributed significantly to FT3 levels.Grouped according to BMI, overweight and obese subjects have similar thyroid hormones compared to those with normal weight. Body composition parameters increase with the elevation of FT3, and FT3 is associated with body fat parameters in euthyroid subjects.CONCLUSIONGrouped according to BMI, overweight and obese subjects have similar thyroid hormones compared to those with normal weight. Body composition parameters increase with the elevation of FT3, and FT3 is associated with body fat parameters in euthyroid subjects. Summary Objective Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyriod population. Subjects A total of 865 euthyroid individuals were recruited in this study. Subjects with thyroid diseases or diabetes and who were taking medications that could influence thyroid hormones, weight or glucose metabolism were excluded. Measurements FT3, FT4, lipid parameters, fasting insulin (FINS) and blood glucose were determined, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body fat parameters were assessed. Results Serum FT3 was slightly higher in body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 group than that in BMI <25 kg/m2 group (P < 0·05). However, the difference was too small to have clinical significance. FT4 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (PBF), waist-fat-to-hip-fat ratio, FINS and HOMA-IR increased linearly with the elevation of FT3 adjusted for age and gender. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that fat mass, PBF,HOMA-IR and FT4 contributed significantly to FT3 levels. Conclusion Grouped according to BMI, overweight and obese subjects have similar thyroid hormones compared to those with normal weight. Body composition parameters increase with the elevation of FT3, and FT3 is associated with body fat parameters in euthyroid subjects. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] Summary Objective Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyriod population. Subjects A total of 865 euthyroid individuals were recruited in this study. Subjects with thyroid diseases or diabetes and who were taking medications that could influence thyroid hormones, weight or glucose metabolism were excluded. Measurements FT3, FT4, lipid parameters, fasting insulin (FINS) and blood glucose were determined, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body fat parameters were assessed. Results Serum FT3 was slightly higher in body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 group than that in BMI <25 kg/m2 group (P < 0·05). However, the difference was too small to have clinical significance. FT4 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist‐to‐hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (PBF), waist‐fat‐to‐hip‐fat ratio, FINS and HOMA‐IR increased linearly with the elevation of FT3 adjusted for age and gender. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that fat mass, PBF, HOMA‐IR and FT4 contributed significantly to FT3 levels. Conclusion Grouped according to BMI, overweight and obese subjects have similar thyroid hormones compared to those with normal weight. Body composition parameters increase with the elevation of FT3, and FT3 is associated with body fat parameters in euthyroid subjects. Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid population is unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the association between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyriod population. A total of 865 euthyroid individuals were recruited in this study. Subjects with thyroid diseases or diabetes and who were taking medications that could influence thyroid hormones, weight or glucose metabolism were excluded. FT3, FT4, lipid parameters, fasting insulin (FINS) and blood glucose were determined, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Anthropometric measurements were taken, and body fat parameters were assessed. Serum FT3 was slightly higher in body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m(2) group than that in BMI <25 kg/m(2) group (P < 0·05). However, the difference was too small to have clinical significance. FT4 levels were not significantly different between the two groups. Body weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (PBF), waist-fat-to-hip-fat ratio, FINS and HOMA-IR increased linearly with the elevation of FT3 adjusted for age and gender. A multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that fat mass, PBF, HOMA-IR and FT4 contributed significantly to FT3 levels. Grouped according to BMI, overweight and obese subjects have similar thyroid hormones compared to those with normal weight. Body composition parameters increase with the elevation of FT3, and FT3 is associated with body fat parameters in euthyroid subjects. |
| Author | Ren, Ruizhen Zhang, Haiqing Jiang, Xiuyun Zhao, Jiajun Gao, Ling Yu, Chunxiao Zhang, Xu Guan, Qingbo Li, Youzhang |
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| Keywords | Human Thyroid hormone Association Fat mass Endocrinology |
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| References | Ortega, F.J., Jilkova, Z.M., Moreno-Navarrete, J.M. et al. (2012) Type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase mRNA and activity is increased in adipose tissue of obese subjects. International Journal of Obesity, 36, 320-324. Macek Jilkova, Z., Pavelka, S., Flachs, P. et al. (2010) Modulation of type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity in white adipose tissue by nutrition: possible involvement of leptin. Physiological Research, 59, 561-569. Considine, R.V., Sinha, M.K., Heiman, M.L. et al. (1996) Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. New England Journal of Medicine, 334, 292-295. Dale, J., Daykin, J., Holder, R. et al. (2001) Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism. Clinical Endocrinology, 55, 233-239. Nannipieri, M., Cecchetti, F., Anselmino, M. et al. (2009) Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss. International Journal of Obesity, 33, 1001-1006. Kiortsis, D.N., Durack, I. & Turpin, G. (1999) Effects of a low-calorie diet on resting metabolic rate and serum tri-iodothyronine levels in obese children. European Journal of Pediatrics, 158, 446-450. Duntas, L.H. (2002) Thyroid disease and lipids. Thyroid, 12, 287-293. Ling, C.H., de Craen, A.J., Slagboom, P.E. et al. (2011) Accuracy of direct segmental multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of total body and segmental body composition in middle-aged adult population. Clinical Nutrition, 30, 610-615. Reinehr, T., Isa, A., de Sousa, G. et al. (2008) Thyroid hormones and their relation to weight status. Hormone Research, 70, 51-57. Wallace, T.M. & Matthews, D.R. (2002) The assessment of insulin resistance in man. Diabetic Medicine, 19, 527-534. Mansourian, A.R. (2010) A review on hyperthyroidism: thyrotoxicosis under surveillance. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 13, 1066-1076. Calvo, R.M. & Obregon, M.J. (2011) Presence and regulation of D1 and D2 deiodinases in rat white adipose tissue. Metabolism, 60, 1207-1210. Makepeace, A.E., Bremner, A.P., O'Leary, P. et al. (2008) Significant inverse relationship between serum free T4 concentration and body mass index in euthyroid subjects: differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Clinical Endocrinology, 69, 648-652. Michalaki, M.A., Vagenakis, A.G., Leonardou, A.S. et al. (2006) Thyroid function in humans with morbid obesity. Thyroid, 16, 73-78. Anderson, L.J., Erceg, D.N. & Schroeder, E.T. (2012) Utility of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance compared with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for assessment of total and regional body composition varies between men and women. Nutrition Research, 32, 479-485. Martinez-deMena, R. & Obregon, M.J. (2005) Insulin increases the adrenergic stimulation of 5' deiodinase activity and mRNA expression in rat brown adipocytes; role of MAPK and PI3K. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 34, 139-151. Hoogwerf, B.J. & Nuttall, F.Q. (1984) Long-term weight regulation in treated hyperthyroid and hypothyroid subjects. The American Journal of Medicine, 76, 963-970. De Pergola, G., Ciampolillo, A., Paolotti, S. et al. (2007) Free triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone are directly associated with waist circumference, independently of insulin resistance, metabolic parameters and blood pressure in overweight and obese women. Clinical Endocrinology, 67, 265-269. Kok, P., Roelfsema, F., Langendonk, J.G. et al. (2005) High circulating thyrotropin levels in obese women are reduced after body weight loss induced by caloric restriction. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 90, 4659-4663. Manji, N., Boelaert, K., Sheppard, M. et al. (2006) Lack of association between serum TSH or free T4 and body mass index in euthyroid subjects. Clinical Endocrinology, 64, 125-128. Matthews, D.R., Hosker, J.P., Rudenski, A.S. et al. (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia, 28, 412-419. Cappola, A.R. & Ladenson, P.W. (2003) Hypothyroidism and atherosclerosis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 88, 2438-2444. Reinehr, T. & Andler, W. (2002) Thyroid hormones before and after weight loss in obesity. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 87, 320-323. 2009; 33 1985; 28 2006; 64 2010; 59 2010; 13 2002; 19 2005; 90 2002; 12 2006; 16 2011; 60 1984; 76 2002; 87 2008; 69 2011; 30 1999; 158 2012; 36 2001; 55 1996; 334 2008; 70 2007; 67 2012; 32 2005; 34 2003; 88 e_1_2_7_6_1 e_1_2_7_5_1 e_1_2_7_4_1 e_1_2_7_3_1 e_1_2_7_9_1 e_1_2_7_8_1 e_1_2_7_7_1 e_1_2_7_19_1 e_1_2_7_18_1 e_1_2_7_17_1 e_1_2_7_16_1 e_1_2_7_2_1 e_1_2_7_15_1 e_1_2_7_13_1 e_1_2_7_24_1 e_1_2_7_12_1 e_1_2_7_23_1 e_1_2_7_11_1 e_1_2_7_22_1 e_1_2_7_10_1 e_1_2_7_21_1 Macek Jilkova Z. (e_1_2_7_14_1) 2010; 59 e_1_2_7_20_1 |
| References_xml | – reference: Manji, N., Boelaert, K., Sheppard, M. et al. (2006) Lack of association between serum TSH or free T4 and body mass index in euthyroid subjects. Clinical Endocrinology, 64, 125-128. – reference: Nannipieri, M., Cecchetti, F., Anselmino, M. et al. (2009) Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss. International Journal of Obesity, 33, 1001-1006. – reference: Reinehr, T., Isa, A., de Sousa, G. et al. (2008) Thyroid hormones and their relation to weight status. Hormone Research, 70, 51-57. – reference: De Pergola, G., Ciampolillo, A., Paolotti, S. et al. (2007) Free triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone are directly associated with waist circumference, independently of insulin resistance, metabolic parameters and blood pressure in overweight and obese women. Clinical Endocrinology, 67, 265-269. – reference: Mansourian, A.R. (2010) A review on hyperthyroidism: thyrotoxicosis under surveillance. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 13, 1066-1076. – reference: Calvo, R.M. & Obregon, M.J. (2011) Presence and regulation of D1 and D2 deiodinases in rat white adipose tissue. Metabolism, 60, 1207-1210. – reference: Dale, J., Daykin, J., Holder, R. et al. (2001) Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism. Clinical Endocrinology, 55, 233-239. – reference: Anderson, L.J., Erceg, D.N. & Schroeder, E.T. (2012) Utility of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance compared with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry for assessment of total and regional body composition varies between men and women. Nutrition Research, 32, 479-485. – reference: Considine, R.V., Sinha, M.K., Heiman, M.L. et al. (1996) Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans. New England Journal of Medicine, 334, 292-295. – reference: Matthews, D.R., Hosker, J.P., Rudenski, A.S. et al. (1985) Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man. Diabetologia, 28, 412-419. – reference: Ortega, F.J., Jilkova, Z.M., Moreno-Navarrete, J.M. et al. (2012) Type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase mRNA and activity is increased in adipose tissue of obese subjects. International Journal of Obesity, 36, 320-324. – reference: Michalaki, M.A., Vagenakis, A.G., Leonardou, A.S. et al. (2006) Thyroid function in humans with morbid obesity. Thyroid, 16, 73-78. – reference: Makepeace, A.E., Bremner, A.P., O'Leary, P. et al. (2008) Significant inverse relationship between serum free T4 concentration and body mass index in euthyroid subjects: differences between smokers and nonsmokers. Clinical Endocrinology, 69, 648-652. – reference: Kok, P., Roelfsema, F., Langendonk, J.G. et al. (2005) High circulating thyrotropin levels in obese women are reduced after body weight loss induced by caloric restriction. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 90, 4659-4663. – reference: Ling, C.H., de Craen, A.J., Slagboom, P.E. et al. (2011) Accuracy of direct segmental multi-frequency bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of total body and segmental body composition in middle-aged adult population. Clinical Nutrition, 30, 610-615. – reference: Duntas, L.H. (2002) Thyroid disease and lipids. Thyroid, 12, 287-293. – reference: Reinehr, T. & Andler, W. (2002) Thyroid hormones before and after weight loss in obesity. Archives of Disease in Childhood, 87, 320-323. – reference: Wallace, T.M. & Matthews, D.R. (2002) The assessment of insulin resistance in man. Diabetic Medicine, 19, 527-534. – reference: Kiortsis, D.N., Durack, I. & Turpin, G. (1999) Effects of a low-calorie diet on resting metabolic rate and serum tri-iodothyronine levels in obese children. European Journal of Pediatrics, 158, 446-450. – reference: Cappola, A.R. & Ladenson, P.W. (2003) Hypothyroidism and atherosclerosis. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 88, 2438-2444. – reference: Hoogwerf, B.J. & Nuttall, F.Q. (1984) Long-term weight regulation in treated hyperthyroid and hypothyroid subjects. The American Journal of Medicine, 76, 963-970. – reference: Macek Jilkova, Z., Pavelka, S., Flachs, P. et al. (2010) Modulation of type I iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase activity in white adipose tissue by nutrition: possible involvement of leptin. Physiological Research, 59, 561-569. – reference: Martinez-deMena, R. & Obregon, M.J. (2005) Insulin increases the adrenergic stimulation of 5' deiodinase activity and mRNA expression in rat brown adipocytes; role of MAPK and PI3K. Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 34, 139-151. – volume: 60 start-page: 1207 year: 2011 end-page: 1210 article-title: Presence and regulation of D1 and D2 deiodinases in rat white adipose tissue publication-title: Metabolism – volume: 67 start-page: 265 year: 2007 end-page: 269 article-title: Free triiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone are directly associated with waist circumference, independently of insulin resistance, metabolic parameters and blood pressure in overweight and obese women publication-title: Clinical Endocrinology – volume: 69 start-page: 648 year: 2008 end-page: 652 article-title: Significant inverse relationship between serum free T4 concentration and body mass index in euthyroid subjects: differences between smokers and nonsmokers publication-title: Clinical Endocrinology – volume: 28 start-page: 412 year: 1985 end-page: 419 article-title: Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta‐cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man publication-title: Diabetologia – volume: 90 start-page: 4659 year: 2005 end-page: 4663 article-title: High circulating thyrotropin levels in obese women are reduced after body weight loss induced by caloric restriction publication-title: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism – volume: 64 start-page: 125 year: 2006 end-page: 128 article-title: Lack of association between serum TSH or free T4 and body mass index in euthyroid subjects publication-title: Clinical Endocrinology – volume: 33 start-page: 1001 year: 2009 end-page: 1006 article-title: Expression of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone receptors in adipose tissue of patients with morbid obesity and/or type 2 diabetes: effects of weight loss publication-title: International Journal of Obesity – volume: 30 start-page: 610 year: 2011 end-page: 615 article-title: Accuracy of direct segmental multi‐frequency bioimpedance analysis in the assessment of total body and segmental body composition in middle‐aged adult population publication-title: Clinical Nutrition – volume: 70 start-page: 51 year: 2008 end-page: 57 article-title: Thyroid hormones and their relation to weight status publication-title: Hormone Research – volume: 55 start-page: 233 year: 2001 end-page: 239 article-title: Weight gain following treatment of hyperthyroidism publication-title: Clinical Endocrinology – volume: 16 start-page: 73 year: 2006 end-page: 78 article-title: Thyroid function in humans with morbid obesity publication-title: Thyroid – volume: 32 start-page: 479 year: 2012 end-page: 485 article-title: Utility of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance compared with dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry for assessment of total and regional body composition varies between men and women publication-title: Nutrition Research – volume: 334 start-page: 292 year: 1996 end-page: 295 article-title: Serum immunoreactive‐leptin concentrations in normal‐weight and obese humans publication-title: New England Journal of Medicine – volume: 87 start-page: 320 year: 2002 end-page: 323 article-title: Thyroid hormones before and after weight loss in obesity publication-title: Archives of Disease in Childhood – volume: 158 start-page: 446 year: 1999 end-page: 450 article-title: Effects of a low‐calorie diet on resting metabolic rate and serum tri‐iodothyronine levels in obese children publication-title: European Journal of Pediatrics – volume: 19 start-page: 527 year: 2002 end-page: 534 article-title: The assessment of insulin resistance in man publication-title: Diabetic Medicine – volume: 13 start-page: 1066 year: 2010 end-page: 1076 article-title: A review on hyperthyroidism: thyrotoxicosis under surveillance publication-title: Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences – volume: 36 start-page: 320 year: 2012 end-page: 324 article-title: Type I iodothyronine 5'‐deiodinase mRNA and activity is increased in adipose tissue of obese subjects publication-title: International Journal of Obesity – volume: 12 start-page: 287 year: 2002 end-page: 293 article-title: Thyroid disease and lipids publication-title: Thyroid – volume: 88 start-page: 2438 year: 2003 end-page: 2444 article-title: Hypothyroidism and atherosclerosis publication-title: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism – volume: 59 start-page: 561 year: 2010 end-page: 569 article-title: Modulation of type I iodothyronine 5'‐deiodinase activity in white adipose tissue by nutrition: possible involvement of leptin publication-title: Physiological Research – volume: 34 start-page: 139 year: 2005 end-page: 151 article-title: Insulin increases the adrenergic stimulation of 5' deiodinase activity and mRNA expression in rat brown adipocytes; role of MAPK and PI3K publication-title: Journal of Molecular Endocrinology – volume: 76 start-page: 963 year: 1984 end-page: 970 article-title: Long‐term weight regulation in treated hyperthyroid and hypothyroid subjects publication-title: The American Journal of Medicine – ident: e_1_2_7_2_1 doi: 10.1089/10507250252949405 – ident: e_1_2_7_23_1 doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01329.x – ident: e_1_2_7_21_1 doi: 10.1007/s004310051117 – ident: e_1_2_7_7_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02874.x – ident: e_1_2_7_9_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03239.x – ident: e_1_2_7_15_1 doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2011.01.014 – ident: e_1_2_7_5_1 doi: 10.1089/thy.2006.16.73 – ident: e_1_2_7_24_1 doi: 10.1046/j.1464-5491.2002.00745.x – ident: e_1_2_7_6_1 doi: 10.1136/adc.87.4.320 – ident: e_1_2_7_13_1 doi: 10.1056/NEJM199602013340503 – ident: e_1_2_7_19_1 doi: 10.1210/jc.2005-0920 – ident: e_1_2_7_8_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02433.x – ident: e_1_2_7_11_1 doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2011.04.001 – ident: e_1_2_7_16_1 doi: 10.1038/ijo.2011.101 – ident: e_1_2_7_10_1 doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2012.05.009 – ident: e_1_2_7_4_1 doi: 10.3923/pjbs.2010.1066.1076 – ident: e_1_2_7_3_1 doi: 10.1210/jc.2003-030398 – ident: e_1_2_7_17_1 doi: 10.1677/jme.1.01568 – ident: e_1_2_7_20_1 doi: 10.1159/000129678 – ident: e_1_2_7_12_1 doi: 10.1007/BF00280883 – ident: e_1_2_7_18_1 doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.140 – ident: e_1_2_7_22_1 doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(84)90842-8 – volume: 59 start-page: 561 year: 2010 ident: e_1_2_7_14_1 article-title: Modulation of type I iodothyronine 5'‐deiodinase activity in white adipose tissue by nutrition: possible involvement of leptin publication-title: Physiological Research doi: 10.33549/physiolres.931866 |
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Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat... Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat in a euthyroid... Summary Objective Thyroid hormones disorders are associated with changes of body composition. However, the relationship between thyroid hormones and body fat... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adipose Tissue - metabolism Adult Biological and medical sciences Blood Glucose - metabolism Body Composition Body fat Body mass index Cross-Sectional Studies Endocrinopathies Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Hormones Humans Insulin - blood Insulin Resistance Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Obesity - blood Overweight - blood Thyroid Hormones - blood Thyroxine - blood Triiodothyronine - blood Vertebrates: endocrinology Weight control |
| Title | Association between thyroid hormones and body fat in euthyroid subjects |
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