Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A-induced immune response in Caenorhabditis elegans depends on MAPK pathways and DAF-16
serovar Paratyphi A ( . Paratyphi A) is a pathogen that can cause enteric fever. According to the recent epidemic trends of typhoid fever, . Paratyphi A has been the major important causative factor in paratyphoid fever. An effective vaccine for . Paratyphi A has not been developed, which made it a...
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Published in | Frontiers in immunology Vol. 14; p. 1118003 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
12.04.2023
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | serovar Paratyphi A (
. Paratyphi A) is a pathogen that can cause enteric fever. According to the recent epidemic trends of typhoid fever,
. Paratyphi A has been the major important causative factor in paratyphoid fever. An effective vaccine for
. Paratyphi A has not been developed, which made it a tricky public health concern. Until now, how
. Paratyphi A interacts with organisms remain unknown. Here using lifespan assay, we found that
. Paratyphi A could infect
(
) at 25°C, and attenuate thermotolerance. The immune response of
was mediated by
,
,
,
,
,
,
and
, suggesting that
. Paratyphi A could regulate the MAPK and insulin pathways. Furthermore, we observed several phenotypical changes when
were fed
. Paratyphi A, including an accelerated decline in body movement, reduced the reproductive capacity, shortened spawning cycle, strong preference for OP50, arrested pharyngeal pumping and colonization of the intestinal lumen. The virulence of
. Paratyphi A requires living bacteria and is not mediated by secreting toxin. Using hydrogen peroxide analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, we discovered that
. Paratyphi A could increase oxidative stress and regulate the immune response in
.
. Our results sheds light on the infection mechanisms of
. Paratyphi A and lays a foundation for drugs and vaccine development. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: Niyaz Ahmed, University of Hyderabad, India This article was submitted to Microbial Immunology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Immunology Reviewed by: Vipin Rana, University of Maryland, College Park, United States; Fan Zhang, Louisiana State University, United States |
ISSN: | 1664-3224 1664-3224 |
DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118003 |