Risk factors for the incursion of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus into poultry and other captive bird holdings in Denmark from 2020 to 2023: A case-control study

• Published in: Preventive veterinary medicine Vol. 236; p. 106419
• Main Authors: Jensen, Helene Ane, Nielsen, Søren Saxmose, Kirkeby, Carsten Thure, Denwood, Matthew, Kjær, Lene Jung, Liang, Yuan, Hjulsager, Charlotte Kristiane, Boklund, Anette Ella
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.03.2025
• Subjects: Animals; Biosecurity; Birds; Case-Control Studies; Denmark - epidemiology; Disease Outbreaks - veterinary; Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; Influenza A virus; Influenza in Birds - epidemiology; Influenza in Birds - transmission; Influenza in Birds - virology; Monte Carlo integration; Outbreak; Poultry; Poultry Diseases - epidemiology; Poultry Diseases - transmission; Poultry Diseases - virology; Risk Factors; Denmark; Monte Carlo integration; Outbreak; Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus; Biosecurity

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a major concern in terms of animal and human health. Between October 2020 and September 2023, there were 36 HPAI outbreaks detected in poultry and other captive birds in Denmark. However, it is often not possible to determine the exact route of introductio...