Expression of CHRFAM7A and CHRNA7 in neuronal cells and postmortem brain of HIV-infected patients: considerations for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder
Despite the recent advances in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a global health threat. HIV-1 affects the central nervous system by releasing viral proteins that trigger neuronal death and neuroinflammation, and promotes alterations known as HIV-associated...
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Published in | Journal of neurovirology Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 327 - 335 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
New York
Springer US
01.06.2016
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Abstract | Despite the recent advances in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a global health threat. HIV-1 affects the central nervous system by releasing viral proteins that trigger neuronal death and neuroinflammation, and promotes alterations known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). This disorder is not fully understood, and no specific treatments are available. Recently, we demonstrated that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120
IIIB
induces a functional upregulation of the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7) in neuronal cells. Furthermore, this upregulation promotes cell death that can be abrogated with receptor antagonists, suggesting that α7 may play an important role in the development of HAND. The partial duplication of the gene coding for the α7, known as
CHRFAM7A
, negatively regulates α7 expression but its role in HIV infection has not been studied. Hence, we studied both
CHRNA7
and
CHRFAM7A
regulation patterns in various gp120
IIIB
in vitro conditions. In addition, we measured
CHRNA7
and
CHRFAM7A
expression levels in postmortem brain samples from patients suffering from different stages of HAND. Our results demonstrate the induction of
CHRNA7
expression accompanied by a significant downregulation of
CHRFAM7A
in neuronal cells when exposed to pathophysiological concentrations of gp120
IIIB
. Our results suggest a dysregulation of
CHRFAM7A
and
CHRNA7
expressions in the basal ganglia from postmortem brain samples of HIV+ subjects and expand the current knowledge about the consequences of HIV infection in the brain. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Despite the recent advances in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a global health threat. HIV-1 affects the central nervous system by releasing viral proteins that trigger neuronal death and neuroinflammation, and promotes alterations known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). This disorder is not fully understood, and no specific treatments are available. Recently, we demonstrated that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120
IIIB
induces a functional upregulation of the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7) in neuronal cells. Furthermore, this upregulation promotes cell death that can be abrogated with receptor antagonists, suggesting that α7 may play an important role in the development of HAND. The partial duplication of the gene coding for the α7, known as
CHRFAM7A
, negatively regulates α7 expression but its role in HIV infection has not been studied. Hence, we studied both
CHRNA7
and
CHRFAM7A
regulation patterns in various gp120
IIIB
in vitro conditions. In addition, we measured
CHRNA7
and
CHRFAM7A
expression levels in postmortem brain samples from patients suffering from different stages of HAND. Our results demonstrate the induction of
CHRNA7
expression accompanied by a significant downregulation of
CHRFAM7A
in neuronal cells when exposed to pathophysiological concentrations of gp120
IIIB
. Our results suggest a dysregulation of
CHRFAM7A
and
CHRNA7
expressions in the basal ganglia from postmortem brain samples of HIV+ subjects and expand the current knowledge about the consequences of HIV infection in the brain. Despite the recent advances in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a global health threat. HIV-1 affects the central nervous system by releasing viral proteins that trigger neuronal death and neuroinflammation, and promotes alterations known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). This disorder is not fully understood, and no specific treatments are available. Recently, we demonstrated that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120IIIB induces a functional upregulation of the α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7) in neuronal cells. Furthermore, this upregulation promotes cell death that can be abrogated with receptor antagonists, suggesting that α7 may play an important role in the development of HAND. The partial duplication of the gene coding for the α7, known as CHRFAM7A, negatively regulates α7 expression but its role in HIV infection has not been studied. Hence, we studied both CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A regulation patterns in various gp120IIIB in vitro conditions. In addition, we measured CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A expression levels in postmortem brain samples from patients suffering from different stages of HAND. Our results demonstrate the induction of CHRNA7 expression accompanied by a significant downregulation of CHRFAM7A in neuronal cells when exposed to pathophysiological concentrations of gp120IIIB. Our results suggest a dysregulation of CHRFAM7A and CHRNA7 expressions in the basal ganglia from postmortem brain samples of HIV+ subjects and expand the current knowledge about the consequences of HIV infection in the brain. Despite the recent advances in antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a global health threat. HIV-1 affects the central nervous system by releasing viral proteins that trigger neuronal death and neuroinflammation, and promotes alterations known as HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). This disorder is not fully understood, and no specific treatments are available. Recently, we demonstrated that the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 sub(IIIB) induces a functional upregulation of the alpha 7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ( alpha 7) in neuronal cells. Furthermore, this upregulation promotes cell death that can be abrogated with receptor antagonists, suggesting that alpha 7 may play an important role in the development of HAND. The partial duplication of the gene coding for the alpha 7, known as CHRFAM7A, negatively regulates alpha 7 expression but its role in HIV infection has not been studied. Hence, we studied both CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A regulation patterns in various gp120 sub(IIIB) in vitro conditions. In addition, we measured CHRNA7 and CHRFAM7A expression levels in postmortem brain samples from patients suffering from different stages of HAND. Our results demonstrate the induction of CHRNA7 expression accompanied by a significant downregulation of CHRFAM7A in neuronal cells when exposed to pathophysiological concentrations of gp120 sub(IIIB). Our results suggest a dysregulation of CHRFAM7A and CHRNA7 expressions in the basal ganglia from postmortem brain samples of HIV+ subjects and expand the current knowledge about the consequences of HIV infection in the brain. |
Author | Delgado-Vélez, Manuel Ortiz, Ángel L. Ramos, Félix M. Quesada, Orestes Báez-Pagán, Carlos A. Lasalde-Dominicci, José A. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Félix M. surname: Ramos fullname: Ramos, Félix M. organization: Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico – sequence: 2 givenname: Manuel surname: Delgado-Vélez fullname: Delgado-Vélez, Manuel organization: Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico – sequence: 3 givenname: Ángel L. surname: Ortiz fullname: Ortiz, Ángel L. organization: Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico – sequence: 4 givenname: Carlos A. surname: Báez-Pagán fullname: Báez-Pagán, Carlos A. organization: Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico – sequence: 5 givenname: Orestes surname: Quesada fullname: Quesada, Orestes email: quesada.orestes@gmail.com organization: Department of Physical Sciences, University of Puerto Rico – sequence: 6 givenname: José A. surname: Lasalde-Dominicci fullname: Lasalde-Dominicci, José A. email: jlasalde@gmail.com organization: Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26567012$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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Keywords | gp120 CHRFAM7A HIV CHRNA7 HAND Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor |
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SubjectTerms | Adult AIDS Dementia Complex - genetics AIDS Dementia Complex - metabolism AIDS Dementia Complex - pathology AIDS Dementia Complex - virology alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor - genetics alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor - metabolism Autopsy Basal Ganglia - metabolism Basal Ganglia - pathology Basal Ganglia - virology Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine Brain - metabolism Brain - pathology Brain - virology Cell Death - drug effects Cell Line, Tumor Female Gene Expression Regulation HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - genetics HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - metabolism HIV Envelope Protein gp120 - pharmacology HIV-1 - genetics HIV-1 - metabolism HIV-1 - pathogenicity Host-Pathogen Interactions Human immunodeficiency virus 1 Humans Immunology Infectious Diseases Lentivirus Male Middle Aged Neurology Neurons - cytology Neurons - drug effects Neurons - metabolism Neurosciences Retroviridae Severity of Illness Index Signal Transduction Virology |
Title | Expression of CHRFAM7A and CHRNA7 in neuronal cells and postmortem brain of HIV-infected patients: considerations for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder |
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