Antiepileptic Effects of a Novel Non-invasive Neuromodulation Treatment in a Subject With Early-Onset Epileptic Encephalopathy: Case Report With 20 Sessions of HD-tDCS Intervention
The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centere...
Saved in:
| Published in | Frontiers in neuroscience Vol. 13; p. 547 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Research Foundation
29.05.2019
Frontiers Media S.A |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4 × 1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 min, 4 mm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month-old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures (TM-S), and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in TM-S frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant [
(4) = 2.05,
= 0.1], and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced [
(4) = 3.83,
= 0.019] by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at 3 days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy.
www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02960347, protocol ID: Meiron 2013-4. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4 × 1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 min, 4 mm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month-old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures (TM-S), and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in TM-S frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant [t(4) = 2.05, p = 0.1], and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced [t(4) = 3.83, p = 0.019] by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at 3 days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02960347, protocol ID: Meiron 2013-4.The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4 × 1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 min, 4 mm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month-old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures (TM-S), and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in TM-S frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant [t(4) = 2.05, p = 0.1], and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced [t(4) = 3.83, p = 0.019] by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at 3 days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02960347, protocol ID: Meiron 2013-4. The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4 × 1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 min, 4 mm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month-old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures (TM-S), and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in TM-S frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant [ t (4) = 2.05, p = 0.1], and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced [ t (4) = 3.83, p = 0.019] by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at 3 days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov , identifier NCT02960347, protocol ID: Meiron 2013-4. The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4 × 1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 min, 4 mm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month-old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures (TM-S), and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in TM-S frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant [ (4) = 2.05, = 0.1], and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced [ (4) = 3.83, = 0.019] by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at 3 days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02960347, protocol ID: Meiron 2013-4. The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4x1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 minutes, 4 cm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures, and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in tonic-myoclonic seizure (TM-S) frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant (t(4) = 2.05, p = 0.1), and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced (t(4) = 3.83, p = 0.019) by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IED) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at three days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic treatment in a child with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy. We investigated the clinical impact of repetitive (20 daily sessions) cathode-centered 4 × 1 HD-tDCS (1 mA, 20 min, 4 mm ring radius) over the dominant seizure-generating cortical zone in a 40-month-old child suffering from a severe neonatal epileptic syndrome known as Ohtahara syndrome (OS). Seizures and epileptiform activity were monitored and quantified using video-EEG over multiple days of baseline, intervention, and post-intervention periods. Primary outcome measures were changes in seizure frequency and duration on the last day of intervention versus the last baseline day, preceding the intervention. In particular, we examined changes in tonic spasms, tonic-myoclonic seizures (TM-S), and myoclonic seizures from baseline to post-intervention. A trend in TM-S frequency was observed indicating a reduction of 73% in TM-S frequency, which was non-significant [t(4) = 2.05, p = 0.1], and denoted a clinically significant change. Myoclonic seizure (M-S) frequency was significantly reduced [t(4) = 3.83, p = 0.019] by 68.42%, compared to baseline, and indicated a significant clinical change as well. A 73% decrease in interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) frequency was also observed immediately after the intervention period, compared to IED frequency at 3 days prior to intervention. Post-intervention seizure-related peak delta desynchronization was reduced by 57%. Our findings represent a case-specific significant clinical response, reduction in IED, and change in seizure-related delta activity following the application of HD-tDCS. The clinical outcomes, as noted in the current study, encourage the further investigation of this focal, non-invasive neuromodulation procedure in other severe electroclinical syndromes (e.g., West syndrome) and in larger pediatric populations diagnosed with early-onset epileptic encephalopathy.Clinical Trial Registration:www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT02960347, protocol ID: Meiron 2013-4. |
| Author | Gebodh, Nigel Bennet-Back, Odeya Gale, Rena Bikson, Marom Meiron, Oded Namestnic, Julia Mandzhiyev, Vladislav Esmaeilpour, Zeinab |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York , New York, NY , United States 2 Children Respiratory Unit, Herzog Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel 3 Pediatric Neurology Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel 1 The Clinical Research Center for Brain Sciences, Herzog Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 3 Pediatric Neurology Department, Shaare Zedek Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel – name: 1 The Clinical Research Center for Brain Sciences, Herzog Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel – name: 2 Children Respiratory Unit, Herzog Medical Center , Jerusalem , Israel – name: 4 Department of Biomedical Engineering, The City College of the City University of New York , New York, NY , United States |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Oded surname: Meiron fullname: Meiron, Oded – sequence: 2 givenname: Rena surname: Gale fullname: Gale, Rena – sequence: 3 givenname: Julia surname: Namestnic fullname: Namestnic, Julia – sequence: 4 givenname: Odeya surname: Bennet-Back fullname: Bennet-Back, Odeya – sequence: 5 givenname: Nigel surname: Gebodh fullname: Gebodh, Nigel – sequence: 6 givenname: Zeinab surname: Esmaeilpour fullname: Esmaeilpour, Zeinab – sequence: 7 givenname: Vladislav surname: Mandzhiyev fullname: Mandzhiyev, Vladislav – sequence: 8 givenname: Marom surname: Bikson fullname: Bikson, Marom |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31191235$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
| BookMark | eNp1Uk1rGzEUXEpK89HeeyqCXnpZV6vVrrU9FILjNoaQQJ3S3sRb-SmWWUtbSWvw_-oPrOw4bRIoAknozYzmSXOaHVlnMcveFnRUlqL5qK2xYcRo0Yworfj4RXZS1DXLeVX-PHq0P85OQ1hRWjPB2avsuCyKpmBldZL9PrfRYG867KNRZKo1qhiI0wTItdtgl2abG7uBYDZIrnHwbu0WQwfROEtuPUJco43E2MSYD-0q8ckPE5dkCr7b5jc2YCTTfzdYhf0SOtdDXG4_kQkEJN-wd_5AY5TMMYSkvrdxeZHHi8mczGxEv0k3pcLr7KWGLuCbw3qWff8yvZ1c5lc3X2eT86tccUZjPi7GWldUtI2ua8VLzTSmIShCXbZ1O07HUDKOY13phYJWq0awmqPWmlaqKM-y2b3uwsFK9t6swW-lAyP3B87fSfCpqQ6l4G0DrBIFo4pzxkGDgAVtGTQASkDS-nyv1Q_tGhcqdeKheyL6tGLNUt65jawrLgQXSeDDQcC7XwOGKNcmKOw6sOiGIFnJKeWsKne-3z-DrtzgbXqqhKJ1JaqmqRPq3WNHf608hCMB6nuA8i4Ej1oqE_f_ngyaThZU7lIo9ymUuxTKfQoTkT4jPmj_l_IHdG3k5Q |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_fncir_2021_784085 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11055_021_01178_z crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neures_2020_01_002 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2021_629323 crossref_primary_10_1088_1741_2552_ac857d crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci12060703 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11431_022_2341_x crossref_primary_10_1016_j_clinph_2022_01_130 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ajp_2020_102542 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_neulet_2021_135912 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13195_023_01370_y crossref_primary_10_1093_brain_awaa450 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_seizure_2021_01_020 crossref_primary_10_3390_brainsci13050760 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1088/0031-9155/61/12/4506 10.1016/j.nurt.2009.01.003 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00446.x 10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046011 10.1016/j.brs.2012.09.010 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x 10.1152/jn.1996.76.6.4202 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.11.021 10.1080/02699052.2017.1390254 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.042 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.07.028 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.059 10.1007/s11940-015-0375-0 10.3389/fneur.2016.00066 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.03.005 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00139.x 10.1097/00003246-200112000-00004 10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.005 10.1088/1741-2560/13/3/036022 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.10.009 10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513034 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.10.017 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009 10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007425 10.3791/50309 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00426.x 10.3390/brainsci8010002 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055772 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.06.002 10.3390/brainsci8040069 10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.274 10.1016/j.brs.2016.08.013 10.1016/j.brs.2011.03.002 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.247171 10.1016/j.brs.2013.01.009 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00440.x 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00501.x 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01195.x 10.5535/arm.2011.35.4.579 10.1113/jphysiol.1986.sp015963 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2019. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. Copyright © 2019 Meiron, Gale, Namestnic, Bennet-Back, Gebodh, Esmaeilpour, Mandzhiyev and Bikson. 2019 Meiron, Gale, Namestnic, Bennet-Back, Gebodh, Esmaeilpour, Mandzhiyev and Bikson |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2019. This work is licensed under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. – notice: Copyright © 2019 Meiron, Gale, Namestnic, Bennet-Back, Gebodh, Esmaeilpour, Mandzhiyev and Bikson. 2019 Meiron, Gale, Namestnic, Bennet-Back, Gebodh, Esmaeilpour, Mandzhiyev and Bikson |
| DBID | AAYXX CITATION NPM 3V. 7XB 88I 8FE 8FH 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BBNVY BENPR BHPHI CCPQU DWQXO GNUQQ HCIFZ LK8 M2P M7P PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQGLB PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS Q9U 7X8 5PM DOA |
| DOI | 10.3389/fnins.2019.00547 |
| DatabaseName | CrossRef PubMed ProQuest Central (Corporate) ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Science Database (Alumni Edition) ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest Natural Science Journals ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Essentials Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central Natural Science Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Student ProQuest SciTech Premium Collection Biological Sciences Science Database Biological Science Database ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic Access via ProQuest (Open Access) ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central Basic MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Central (Full Participant titles) DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef PubMed Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest Central Student ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Applied & Life Sciences Natural Science Collection ProQuest Central Korea Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Biological Science Collection ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Science Journals ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition Biological Science Database ProQuest SciTech Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) ProQuest Central (Alumni) MEDLINE - Academic |
| DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE - Academic PubMed Publicly Available Content Database |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Anatomy & Physiology |
| EISSN | 1662-453X |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_84b9a258120c4424afa8ad0b2a9aac8a PMC6548848 31191235 10_3389_fnins_2019_00547 |
| Genre | Journal Article |
| GeographicLocations | Jerusalem Israel Israel |
| GeographicLocations_xml | – name: Israel – name: Jerusalem Israel |
| GroupedDBID | --- 29H 2WC 53G 5GY 5VS 88I 8FE 8FH 9T4 AAFWJ AAYXX ABUWG ACGFO ACGFS ACXDI ADRAZ AEGXH AENEX AFKRA AFPKN AIAGR ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AZQEC BBNVY BENPR BHPHI BPHCQ CCPQU CITATION CS3 DIK DU5 DWQXO E3Z EBS EJD EMOBN F5P FRP GNUQQ GROUPED_DOAJ GX1 HCIFZ HYE KQ8 LK8 M2P M48 M7P O5R O5S OK1 OVT P2P PGMZT PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PQQKQ PROAC RNS RPM W2D C1A IAO IEA IHR ISR M~E NPM 3V. 7XB 8FK PKEHL PQEST PQGLB PQUKI PRINS Q9U 7X8 5PM PUEGO |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c420t-717ff508b9f66c43f2fefef80ea63b6b7f66a324e7f5fdcabfc98264efff05c13 |
| IEDL.DBID | BENPR |
| ISSN | 1662-453X 1662-4548 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:30:14 EDT 2025 Thu Aug 21 18:01:24 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 11 09:10:57 EDT 2025 Fri Jul 25 11:34:53 EDT 2025 Thu Jan 02 23:00:19 EST 2025 Tue Jul 01 01:01:35 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:01:16 EDT 2025 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | electroencephalography (EEG) neonatal epileptic encephalopathy interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) seizure high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c420t-717ff508b9f66c43f2fefef80ea63b6b7f66a324e7f5fdcabfc98264efff05c13 |
| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Neural Technology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience Edited by: Gottfried Schlaug, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, United States Reviewed by: Ali Yadollahpour, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran; Mouhsin Shafi, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, United States; Bernard Chang, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, United States |
| OpenAccessLink | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2306585996?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication% |
| PMID | 31191235 |
| PQID | 2306585996 |
| PQPubID | 4424402 |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_84b9a258120c4424afa8ad0b2a9aac8a pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_6548848 proquest_miscellaneous_2340042531 proquest_journals_2306585996 pubmed_primary_31191235 crossref_citationtrail_10_3389_fnins_2019_00547 crossref_primary_10_3389_fnins_2019_00547 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | 2019-05-29 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2019-05-29 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 05 year: 2019 text: 2019-05-29 day: 29 |
| PublicationDecade | 2010 |
| PublicationPlace | Switzerland |
| PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Switzerland – name: Lausanne |
| PublicationTitle | Frontiers in neuroscience |
| PublicationTitleAlternate | Front Neurosci |
| PublicationYear | 2019 |
| Publisher | Frontiers Research Foundation Frontiers Media S.A |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Frontiers Research Foundation – name: Frontiers Media S.A |
| References | Villamar (B36) 2013; 77 Dmochowski (B12) 2011; 8 Huang (B21) 2018; 2018 Delorme (B11) 2004; 134 Rahman (B31) 2013; 591 Wu (B39) 2013; 16 Watanabe (B38); 34 Kwon (B24) 2018; 8 Yook (B40) 2011; 35 Auvichayapat (B3) 2016; 7 Bikson (B5) 2004; 557 Chan (B9) 1986; 371 Nune (B28) 2015; 17 Ghai (B18) 2000; 84 Datta (B10) 2009; 2 Gluckman (B19) 1996; 76 Auvichayapat (B2) 2013; 6 Beal (B4) 2012; 47 Nitsche (B26) 2000 Bindman (B6) 1964; 172 Siniatchkin (B34) 2007; 48 Watanabe (B37); 34 Kuo (B23) 2013; 6 Cancelli (B8) 2016; 13 Hahn (B20) 2013; 124 Meiron (B25) 2018; 32 Rosso (B32) 2006; 153 Karvigh (B22) 2017; 47 Gaily (B17) 2001; 43 Nitsche (B27) 2009; 6 Sunderam (B35) 2010; 17 Dmochowski (B13) 2017; 157 Fregni (B16) 2006; 47 Ohtahara (B29) 2006; 70 Brunoni (B7) 2012; 5 Alam (B1) 2016; 61 Edwards (B15) 2013; 74 San-Juan (B33) 2017; 10 Eastin (B14) 2017; 8 Payen (B30) 2001; 29 |
| References_xml | – volume: 61 start-page: 4506 year: 2016 ident: B1 article-title: Spatial and polarity precision of concentric high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS). publication-title: Phys. Med. Biol. doi: 10.1088/0031-9155/61/12/4506 – volume: 6 start-page: 244 year: 2009 ident: B27 article-title: Noninvasive brain stimulation protocols in the treatment of epilepsy: current state and perspectives. publication-title: Neurotherapeutics doi: 10.1016/j.nurt.2009.01.003 – volume: 34 start-page: 679 ident: B38 article-title: Reappraisal of interictal electroencephalograms in infantile spasms. publication-title: Epilepsia doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00446.x – volume: 8 year: 2011 ident: B12 article-title: Optimized multi-electrode stimulation increases focality and intensity at target. publication-title: J. Neural Eng. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046011 – volume: 6 start-page: 644 year: 2013 ident: B23 article-title: Comparing cortical plasticity induced by conventional and high-definition 4 × 1 ring tDCS: a neurophysiological study. publication-title: Brain Stimul. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2012.09.010 – start-page: 633 year: 2000 ident: B26 article-title: Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x – volume: 76 start-page: 4202 year: 1996 ident: B19 article-title: Electric field suppression of epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices. publication-title: J. Neurophysiol. doi: 10.1152/jn.1996.76.6.4202 – volume: 70 start-page: S58 year: 2006 ident: B29 article-title: Ohtahara syndrome: with special reference to its developmental aspects for differentiating from early myoclonic encephalopathy. publication-title: Epilepsy Res. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.11.021 – volume: 32 start-page: 135 year: 2018 ident: B25 article-title: High-Definition transcranial direct current stimulation in early onset epileptic encephalopathy: a case study. publication-title: Brain Inj. doi: 10.1080/02699052.2017.1390254 – volume: 74 start-page: 266 year: 2013 ident: B15 article-title: Physiological and modeling evidence for focal transcranial electrical brain stimulation in humans: a basis for high-definition tDCS. publication-title: Neuroimage doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2013.01.042 – volume: 124 start-page: 551 year: 2013 ident: B20 article-title: Methods for extra-low voltage transcranial direct current stimulation: current and time dependent impedance decreases. publication-title: Clin. Neurophysiol. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.07.028 – volume: 157 start-page: 69 year: 2017 ident: B13 article-title: Optimal use of EEG recordings to target active brain areas with transcranial electrical stimulation. publication-title: Neuroimage doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.05.059 – volume: 17 year: 2015 ident: B28 article-title: Neuromodulation in the treatment of epilepsy. publication-title: Curr. Treat Options Neurol. doi: 10.1007/s11940-015-0375-0 – volume: 7 year: 2016 ident: B3 article-title: Transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment of childhood pharmacoresistant lennox-gastaut syndrome: a pilot study. publication-title: Front. Neurol. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00066 – volume: 47 start-page: 74 year: 2017 ident: B22 article-title: HD-tDCS in refractory lateral frontal lobe epilepsy patients. publication-title: Seizure doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.03.005 – volume: 43 start-page: 658 year: 2001 ident: B17 article-title: Infantile spasms: diagnosis and assessment of treatment response by video-EEG. publication-title: Dev. Med. Child Neurol. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2001.tb00139.x – volume: 29 start-page: 2258 year: 2001 ident: B30 article-title: Assessing pain in critically ill sedated patients by using a behavioral pain scale. publication-title: Crit. Care Med. doi: 10.1097/00003246-200112000-00004 – volume: 2 year: 2009 ident: B10 article-title: Gyri-precise head model of transcranial direct current stimulation: improved spatial focality using a ring electrode versus conventional rectangular pad. publication-title: Brain Stimul. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2009.03.005 – volume: 13 year: 2016 ident: B8 article-title: A simple method for EEG guided transcranial electrical stimulation without models. publication-title: J. Neural Eng. doi: 10.1088/1741-2560/13/3/036022 – volume: 153 start-page: 163 year: 2006 ident: B32 article-title: EEG analysis using wavelet-based information tools. publication-title: J. Neurosci. Methods doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2005.10.009 – volume: 2018 start-page: 3545 year: 2018 ident: B21 article-title: Optimized tDCS for targeting multiple brain regions: an integrated implementation. publication-title: Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. doi: 10.1109/EMBC.2018.8513034 – volume: 17 start-page: 6 year: 2010 ident: B35 article-title: Toward rational design of electrical stimulation strategies for epilepsy control. publication-title: Epilepsy Behav. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.10.017 – volume: 134 start-page: 9 year: 2004 ident: B11 article-title: EEGLAB: an open source toolbox for analysis of single-trial EEG dynamics including independent component analysis. publication-title: J. Neurosci. Methods doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2003.10.009 – volume: 172 start-page: 369 year: 1964 ident: B6 article-title: The action of brief polarizing currents on the cerebral cortex of the rat (1) during current flow and (2) in the production of long-lasting after-effects. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1964.sp007425 – volume: 77 year: 2013 ident: B36 article-title: Technique and considerations in the use of 4x1 ring high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS). publication-title: J. Vis. Exp. doi: 10.3791/50309 – volume: 47 start-page: 335 year: 2006 ident: B16 article-title: A controlled clinical trial of cathodal DC polarization in patients with refractory epilepsy. publication-title: Epilepsia doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00426.x – volume: 8 year: 2017 ident: B14 article-title: Stimulation and neuromodulation in the treatment of epilepsy. publication-title: Brain Sci. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8010002 – volume: 557 start-page: 175 year: 2004 ident: B5 article-title: Effects of uniform extracellular DC electric fields on excitability in rat hippocampal slices in vitro. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.055772 – volume: 47 start-page: 317 year: 2012 ident: B4 article-title: Early-onset epileptic encephalopathies: ohtahara syndrome and early myoclonic encephalopathy. publication-title: Pediatr. Neurol. doi: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2012.06.002 – volume: 8 year: 2018 ident: B24 article-title: Epilepsy and neuromodulation-randomized controlled trials. publication-title: Brain Sci. doi: 10.3390/brainsci8040069 – volume: 84 start-page: 274 year: 2000 ident: B18 article-title: Effects of applied electric fields on low-calcium epileptiform activity in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices. publication-title: J. Neurophysiol. doi: 10.1152/jn.2000.84.1.274 – volume: 10 start-page: 28 year: 2017 ident: B33 article-title: Transcranial direct current stimulation in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis. publication-title: Brain Stimul. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2016.08.013 – volume: 5 start-page: 175 year: 2012 ident: B7 article-title: Clinical research with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS): challenges and future directions. publication-title: Brain Stimul. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2011.03.002 – volume: 591 start-page: 2563 year: 2013 ident: B31 article-title: Cellular effects of acute direct current stimulation: somatic and synaptic terminal effects. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.247171 – volume: 6 start-page: 696 year: 2013 ident: B2 article-title: Transcranial direct current stimulation for treatment of refractory childhood focal epilepsy. publication-title: Brain stimul. doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2013.01.009 – volume: 34 start-page: 635 ident: B37 article-title: Benign partial epilepsy with secondarily generalized seizures in infancy. publication-title: Epilepsia doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1993.tb00440.x – volume: 16 start-page: 10 year: 2013 ident: B39 article-title: Neurostimulation for the treatment of epilepsy: a review of current surgical interventions. publication-title: Neuromodulation doi: 10.1111/j.1525-1403.2012.00501.x – volume: 48 start-page: 2312 year: 2007 ident: B34 article-title: Different neuronal networks are associated with spikes and slow activity in hypsarrhythmia. publication-title: Epilepsia doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01195.x – volume: 35 start-page: 579 year: 2011 ident: B40 article-title: Suppression of seizure by cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation in an epileptic patient - a case report. publication-title: Ann. Rehabil. Med. doi: 10.5535/arm.2011.35.4.579 – volume: 371 start-page: 89 year: 1986 ident: B9 article-title: Modulation by applied electric fields of Purkinje and stellate cell activity in the isolated turtle cerebellum. publication-title: J. Physiol. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1986.sp015963 |
| SSID | ssj0062842 |
| Score | 2.2700708 |
| Snippet | The current clinical investigation examined high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) as a focal, non-invasive, anti-epileptic... |
| SourceID | doaj pubmedcentral proquest pubmed crossref |
| SourceType | Open Website Open Access Repository Aggregation Database Index Database Enrichment Source |
| StartPage | 547 |
| SubjectTerms | Age Case reports Clinical outcomes Clinical trials Convulsions & seizures Cortex EEG Electrical stimulation of the brain Electroencephalography electroencephalography (EEG) Encephalopathy Epilepsy ESB high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs) Intervention neonatal epileptic encephalopathy Neonates Neuromodulation Neuroscience Pediatrics seizure Seizures Synchronization Vital signs |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV1Lb9QwELZQT1wQUB6BgoyEkDhYm3WcF7dl22pBohzait6isWNrI22diqaV-r_4gczY2WUXIbigSDkktuJkxjPfOONvGHs7LdpWK2iFQnAglDIgalmCgNwpYzGCbqe03_nLSbE4V58v8outUl-UExbpgeOHm1RK1yBz9EOpUUoqcFBBm2oJNYCpAjRCn7cOpqINLtDoyvhTEkOweuJ854mbe0rklDmVUtlyQoGr_08A8_c8yS3Hc_yQPRgRI5_FkT5i96x_zPZnHqPlyzv-jocczrA4vs9-zPzQ2Suc6WgJDI_UxNe8dxz4SX9rV3j2ovO3QFnrPDBzXPbtWMKLn62zznnnsQcaFVql4d-6YckDE7L46q_twI9-PYE2PS5h1VNl47sPfI5OkUdQH7vJlJ9G6o8wjMWhGA7np_zTVqrlE3Z-fHQ2X4ixLoMwSqaDwAjQOQR2unZFYVTmpLN4VKmFItOFLvEyIFCzpctda0A7U2MUo6xzLs3NNHvK9nzv7XPGbVpba3UpaR8VlKnOWsSghUqdqsBmJmGTtaAaM5KWU-2MVYPBC4m2CaJtSLRNEG3C3m96XEXCjr-0_Uiy37Qjqu1wARWwGRWw-ZcCJuxgrTnNOP_xGRlBO6K-SdibzW2cufQ7Brztb6iNCiYzmybsWVS0zUgy4t2TWZ6wckcFd4a6e8d3y8AOXmAMWqnqxf94t5fsPn0typaQ9QHbG77f2FcIwgb9Osy3n00BNl4 priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals – databaseName: Scholars Portal Journals: Open Access dbid: M48 link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3db9MwELdgvPCCGOMjMJCREBIPZmnifCEhVLpNBWnjYavYW3Rx7DVS54w2m9b_iz-QOyfNVlRNlfqQ2K2V-_D94rvfMfZhEJdlIaEUEoMDIaUCkQUJCIiMVBoRdDmgeuej43g8kT_PorPb8ujuAS42QjvqJzWZzz7f_Fl-Q4P_SogT99s9YytLzNsDop6MZPKQPcJ9KSEzPZL9mUKMjtidfcZUJ4SBentoufEX1jYpx-W_KQD9P4_yzsZ0-JQ96SJKPmxVYJs90PYZ2xlaRNMXS_6RuxxP9_J8h_0d2qbSl-gJ0FMo3lIXL3htOPDj-lrP8NuKyl4DZbVzx9xxUZddiy9-uspK55XFGeh06C0O_101U-6YksUvu9ANP7j9ByqKnMKsps7Hyy98hJsmb4P-dlrg85OWGsQtY7wvmv3RCf9xJxXzOZscHpyOxqLr2yCUDPxGIEI0BgO_IjNxrGRoAqPxk_oa4rCIiwQvAwZyOjGRKRUURmWIcqQ2xviRGoQv2JatrX7FuPYzrXWRBFRnBYlfhCXGqLH0jUxBh8pjeytB5aojNafeGrMcwQ2JNneizUm0uROtxz71My5bQo97xn4n2ffjiIrbXajn53ln2XkqiwyCCAMlX0kZSDCQQukXAWQAKgWP7a40J1-pd07AD4Eagk2Pve9vo2XTcQ1YXV_RGOlcajjw2MtW0fqVhMTLF4SRx5I1FVxb6vodW00de3iMqp_K9PX9y3rDHtNzoDyJINtlW838Sr_F8Ksp3jmr-gdKXTLL priority: 102 providerName: Scholars Portal |
| Title | Antiepileptic Effects of a Novel Non-invasive Neuromodulation Treatment in a Subject With Early-Onset Epileptic Encephalopathy: Case Report With 20 Sessions of HD-tDCS Intervention |
| URI | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31191235 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2306585996 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2340042531 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6548848 https://doaj.org/article/84b9a258120c4424afa8ad0b2a9aac8a |
| Volume | 13 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3db9MwELdge-EFAeMjMCYjISQerObD-eIFdV1HQVpBbBN7iy6OTSN1TlmzSfu_-AO5c9LSIjRV8kNiK1bvfP7d-fw7xt4GSVWVEiohERwIKRWIPExBQGyk0uhBVwHddz6ZJpNz-eUivugDbss-rXJlE52hrhpFMfKBK3GeEZnIx8UvQVWj6HS1L6Fxn-2iCc7Q-do9HE-_fV_Z4gSNrzvvTOhuEILz7qAS3bJ8YGxtia87IMLKmMqrbGxMjr__f6Dz39zJjc3o-BF72KNIPuzE_pjd0_YJ2xta9KAvb_k77vI6XcB8j_0e2rbWC1z9aB0U7-iKl7wxHPi0udFzbK2o7Q1QJjt3bB2XTdWX9eJnq0x0XlscgYaGIjf8R93OuGNHFl_tUrd8_PcLdBFyBvOGqh3ffuAj3Ch5B_S7YaHPTzs6EDeNyZFoj0an_PNG-uVTdn48PhtNRF-rQSgZ-q1Ar9AYBHtlbpJEyciERuMv8zUkUZmUKT4GBG86NbGpFJRG5ejZSG2M8WMVRM_Yjm2sfsG49nOtdZmGdLcKUr-MKsSlifSNzEBHymODlaAK1ROZUz2NeYEODYm2cKItSLSFE63H3q9HLDoSjzv6HpLs1_2Ifts9aK5-Fv1qLjJZ5hDGCI58JWUowUAGlV-GkAOoDDy2v9KcorcJ-I21Bnvszfo1rmY6ogGrm2vqI50ZjQKPPe8UbT2TiLj4wij2WLqlgltT3X5j65ljDE9Q9TOZvbx7Wq_YA_ofKDcizPfZTnt1rV8j5GrLg35dHbiQBbafLgJsT2T2BwswM00 |
| linkProvider | ProQuest |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3db9MwELdG9wAvCBgfgQFGAiQeoqaJ84WEUNd2atlWEOu0vQXHsWmkzilrNtR_iif-QO6cpLQI7W2K1IfETqze-ec7--53hLzuBFmWMp7ZDIwDmzHB7dgNuc19xYQEDzrrYL7z0TgYnrBPZ_7ZFvnV5MJgWGWDiQaos0LgHnnblDiPkEzk4_yHjVWj8HS1KaFRqcWBXP4El23xYdQH-b5x3f3BpDe066oCtmCuU9rgvygFZkkaqyAQzFOuknBFjuSBlwZpCLc5mBkyVL7KBE-ViMEGZ1Ip5fii48F7b5Ft5oEr0yLbe4Pxl68N9gcA9uZ8NcBcJHAGqoNRcAPjttK5Rn7wDhJk-ljOZW0hNPUC_mfk_hurubb47d8jd2urlXYrNbtPtqR-QHa6Gjz28yV9S00cqdmg3yG_u7rM5RzQBtBI0IoeeUELRTkdF1dyBr_azvUVx8h5athBzousLiNGJ03kO8019ABgw50iepqXU2rYmO3PeiFLOvj7BUy8nPJZgdWVl-9pDxZmWjkWVTfXoccV_YgZxrBvl_3eMR2thXs-JCc3IsVHpKULLZ8QKp1YSpmGLuZy8dBJvQzs4IA5ikVcesIi7UZQiaiJ07F-xywBBwpFmxjRJijaxIjWIu9WPeYVacg1bfdQ9qt2SPdtbhQX35MaPZKIpTF3fTDGHMGYy7jiEc-c1OUx5yLiFtltNCepMQi-sZoxFnm1egzogUdCXMviEtswA9texyKPK0VbjcRD7j_X8y0SbqjgxlA3n-h8ahjKA1D9iEVPrx_WS3J7ODk6TA5H44Nn5A7-JxiX4ca7pFVeXMrnYO6V6Yt6jlHy7aan9R8koHAC |
| linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV3db9MwELdGJyFeEDA-AgOMBEg8RE0d5wsJoa4fWhmUiW1ib8FxbFqpc8qaDfX_4om_jjsnKS1Ce5si9SGxE6t3_vnOvvsdIS87YZ5nXOQuB-PA5VwKN2GRcEWguVTgQecdzHf-NA73T_iH0-B0i_xucmEwrLLBRAvUeSFxj7xtS5zHSCbS1nVYxGF_-H7-w8UKUnjS2pTTqFTkQC1_gvu2eDfqg6xfMTYcHPf23brCgCs580oXfBmtwUTJEh2GkvuaaQVX7CkR-lmYRXBbgMmhIh3oXIpMywTsca601l4gOz689wbZjsAr8lpke28wPvzSrAMhAL89aw0xLwkcg-qQFFzCpK3N1CBXeAfJMgMs7bK2KNraAf8zeP-N21xbCId3yO3agqXdSuXuki1l7pGdrgHv_WxJX1MbU2o363fIr64pp2oOyAPIJGlFlbyghaaCjotLNYNf407NpcAoemqZQs6KvC4pRo-bKHg6NdADQA53jejXaTmhlpnZ_WwWqqSDv1_AJMyJmBVYaXn5lvZgkaaVk1F1Yx49qqhI7DD2-27Z7x3R0Vro531yci1SfEBapjDqEaHKS5RSWcQwr0tEXubnYBOH3NM8FsqXDmk3gkplTaKOtTxmKThTKNrUijZF0aZWtA55s-oxrwhErmi7h7JftUPqb3ujOP-e1kiSxjxLBAvAMPMk54wLLWKRexkTiRAyFg7ZbTQnrfEIvrGaPQ55sXoMSILHQ8Ko4gLbcAvhfschDytFW43ERx5A5gcOiTZUcGOom0_MdGLZykNQ_ZjHj68e1nNyE6Zz-nE0PnhCbuFfgiEaLNklrfL8Qj0Fy6_MntVTjJJv1z2r_wDy63Q3 |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Antiepileptic+Effects+of+a+Novel+Non-invasive+Neuromodulation+Treatment+in+a+Subject+With+Early-Onset+Epileptic+Encephalopathy%3A+Case+Report+With+20+Sessions+of+HD-tDCS+Intervention&rft.jtitle=Frontiers+in+neuroscience&rft.au=Meiron%2C+Oded&rft.au=Gale%2C+Rena&rft.au=Namestnic%2C+Julia&rft.au=Bennet-Back%2C+Odeya&rft.date=2019-05-29&rft.pub=Frontiers+Research+Foundation&rft.issn=1662-4548&rft.eissn=1662-453X&rft_id=info:doi/10.3389%2Ffnins.2019.00547&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=1662-453X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=1662-453X&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=1662-453X&client=summon |