Genetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of Iodobacter limnosediminis associated with skin lesions in freshwater fish
The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis, pr...
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Published in | Journal of fish diseases Vol. 44; no. 11; pp. 1711 - 1724 |
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Main Authors | , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.11.2021
John Wiley and Sons Inc |
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Abstract | The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis, previously undescribed from the fish microbiota. Whole‐genome pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed variability between the I. limnosediminis strains, suggesting that they were most likely of environmental origin. Two I. limnosediminis strains caused lesions in 27%–53% of brown trout (Salmo trutta) injected intramuscularly (p ≤ .05). The lesions represented moderate to severe tissue damage, but for most fish, the tissues had been repaired by the end of the experiment through the accumulation of fibrocytes and macrophages at the site of the lesion. I. limnosediminis was reisolated from some lesions and/or internal organs. Phenotypically and biochemically, I. limnosediminis resembles several common bacterial species found in the aquatic environment, as it grows well on several media as whitish medium‐sized colonies, is Gram negative and rod‐shaped. Here, we characterized I. limnosediminis strains with several methods, including MALDI‐TOF. This characterization will help in further investigations into the occurrence and possible involvement of I. limnosediminis in skin lesions of freshwater fish. |
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AbstractList | The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis, previously undescribed from the fish microbiota. Whole‐genome pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed variability between the I. limnosediminis strains, suggesting that they were most likely of environmental origin. Two I. limnosediminis strains caused lesions in 27%–53% of brown trout (Salmo trutta) injected intramuscularly (p ≤ .05). The lesions represented moderate to severe tissue damage, but for most fish, the tissues had been repaired by the end of the experiment through the accumulation of fibrocytes and macrophages at the site of the lesion. I. limnosediminis was reisolated from some lesions and/or internal organs. Phenotypically and biochemically, I. limnosediminis resembles several common bacterial species found in the aquatic environment, as it grows well on several media as whitish medium‐sized colonies, is Gram negative and rod‐shaped. Here, we characterized I. limnosediminis strains with several methods, including MALDI‐TOF. This characterization will help in further investigations into the occurrence and possible involvement of I. limnosediminis in skin lesions of freshwater fish. Abstract The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis , previously undescribed from the fish microbiota. Whole‐genome pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed variability between the I. limnosediminis strains, suggesting that they were most likely of environmental origin. Two I. limnosediminis strains caused lesions in 27%–53% of brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) injected intramuscularly ( p ≤ .05). The lesions represented moderate to severe tissue damage, but for most fish, the tissues had been repaired by the end of the experiment through the accumulation of fibrocytes and macrophages at the site of the lesion. I. limnosediminis was reisolated from some lesions and/or internal organs. Phenotypically and biochemically, I. limnosediminis resembles several common bacterial species found in the aquatic environment, as it grows well on several media as whitish medium‐sized colonies, is Gram negative and rod‐shaped. Here, we characterized I. limnosediminis strains with several methods, including MALDI‐TOF. This characterization will help in further investigations into the occurrence and possible involvement of I. limnosediminis in skin lesions of freshwater fish. The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis , previously undescribed from the fish microbiota. Whole‐genome pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed variability between the I. limnosediminis strains, suggesting that they were most likely of environmental origin. Two I. limnosediminis strains caused lesions in 27%–53% of brown trout ( Salmo trutta ) injected intramuscularly ( p ≤ .05). The lesions represented moderate to severe tissue damage, but for most fish, the tissues had been repaired by the end of the experiment through the accumulation of fibrocytes and macrophages at the site of the lesion. I. limnosediminis was reisolated from some lesions and/or internal organs. Phenotypically and biochemically, I. limnosediminis resembles several common bacterial species found in the aquatic environment, as it grows well on several media as whitish medium‐sized colonies, is Gram negative and rod‐shaped. Here, we characterized I. limnosediminis strains with several methods, including MALDI‐TOF. This characterization will help in further investigations into the occurrence and possible involvement of I. limnosediminis in skin lesions of freshwater fish. The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed salmonids. Genetic characterization verified that all 23 bacterial isolates studied here belonged to the species Iodobacter limnosediminis, previously undescribed from the fish microbiota. Whole‐genome pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis revealed variability between the I. limnosediminis strains, suggesting that they were most likely of environmental origin. Two I. limnosediminis strains caused lesions in 27%–53% of brown trout (Salmo trutta) injected intramuscularly (p ≤ .05). The lesions represented moderate to severe tissue damage, but for most fish, the tissues had been repaired by the end of the experiment through the accumulation of fibrocytes and macrophages at the site of the lesion. I. limnosediminis was reisolated from some lesions and/or internal organs. Phenotypically and biochemically, I. limnosediminis resembles several common bacterial species found in the aquatic environment, as it grows well on several media as whitish medium‐sized colonies, is Gram negative and rod‐shaped. Here, we characterized I. limnosediminis strains with several methods, including MALDI‐TOF. This characterization will help in further investigations into the occurrence and possible involvement of I. limnosediminis in skin lesions of freshwater fish. |
Author | Kuronen, Henry Korkea‐aho, Tiina Liisa Tiirola, Marja Viljamaa‐Dirks, Satu Heinikainen, Sirpa |
AuthorAffiliation | 1 Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Unit Laboratory and Research Division Finnish Food Authority Kuopio Finland 2 Department of Biological and Environmental Science Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Department of Biological and Environmental Science Nanoscience Center University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä Finland – name: 1 Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Unit Laboratory and Research Division Finnish Food Authority Kuopio Finland |
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Snippet | The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed... Abstract The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially... The relatively unknown genus Iodobacter sp. has been repeatedly isolated from skin ulcers and saprolegniosis on freshwater fish in Finland, especially farmed... |
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SubjectTerms | Analytical methods Animal tissues Aquatic environment Body organs Colonies Electrophoresis Fish Fish farms Fish skin Freshwater Freshwater fish Freshwater fishes Gel electrophoresis Gels Genetic diversity Genetic variation Genomes Inland water environment Iodobacter limnosediminis Lesions Macrophages Microbiological strains Microbiota Organs Salmo trutta Salmonids Saprolegniosis Skin diseases Skin lesions Strains (organisms) Tissue Ulcers |
Title | Genetic diversity and phenotypic characterization of Iodobacter limnosediminis associated with skin lesions in freshwater fish |
URI | https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111%2Fjfd.13490 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2580867250/abstract/ https://search.proquest.com/docview/2548602860 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC8596759 |
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