Trachoma
Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. It can result in blindness. Pathophysiologically, trachoma is a disease complex composed of two linked chronic processes: a recurrent, generally subclinical infectious–inflammatory diseas...
Saved in:
Published in | Nature reviews. Disease primers Vol. 8; no. 1; p. 32 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
London
Nature Publishing Group UK
26.05.2022
Nature Publishing Group |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of
Chlamydia trachomatis.
It can result in blindness. Pathophysiologically, trachoma is a disease complex composed of two linked chronic processes: a recurrent, generally subclinical infectious–inflammatory disease that mostly affects children, and a non-communicable, cicatricial and, owing to trichiasis, eventually blinding disease that supervenes in some individuals later in life. At least 150 infection episodes over an individual’s lifetime are needed to precipitate trichiasis; thus, opportunity exists for a just global health system to intervene to prevent trachomatous blindness. Trachoma is found at highest prevalence in the poorest communities of low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa; in June 2021, 1.8 million people worldwide were going blind from the disease. Blindness attributable to trachoma can appear in communities many years after conjunctival
C. trachomatis
transmission has waned or ceased; therefore, the two linked disease processes require distinct clinical and public health responses. Surgery is offered to individuals with trichiasis and antibiotic mass drug administration and interventions to stimulate facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are designed to reduce infection prevalence and transmission. Together, these interventions comprise the SAFE strategy, which is achieving considerable success. Although much work remains, a continuing public health problem from trachoma in the year 2030 will be difficult for the world to excuse.
Trachoma, caused by infection with conjunctival strains of
Chlamydia trachomatis
, is the most common infectious cause of blindness. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of trachoma as well as its management, disease control and elimination, and key areas for future research. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. It can result in blindness. Pathophysiologically, trachoma is a disease complex composed of two linked chronic processes: a recurrent, generally subclinical infectious-inflammatory disease that mostly affects children, and a non-communicable, cicatricial and, owing to trichiasis, eventually blinding disease that supervenes in some individuals later in life. At least 150 infection episodes over an individual's lifetime are needed to precipitate trichiasis; thus, opportunity exists for a just global health system to intervene to prevent trachomatous blindness. Trachoma is found at highest prevalence in the poorest communities of low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa; in June 2021, 1.8 million people worldwide were going blind from the disease. Blindness attributable to trachoma can appear in communities many years after conjunctival C. trachomatis transmission has waned or ceased; therefore, the two linked disease processes require distinct clinical and public health responses. Surgery is offered to individuals with trichiasis and antibiotic mass drug administration and interventions to stimulate facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are designed to reduce infection prevalence and transmission. Together, these interventions comprise the SAFE strategy, which is achieving considerable success. Although much work remains, a continuing public health problem from trachoma in the year 2030 will be difficult for the world to excuse. Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. It can result in blindness. Pathophysiologically, trachoma is a disease complex composed of two linked chronic processes: a recurrent, generally subclinical infectious–inflammatory disease that mostly affects children, and a non-communicable, cicatricial and, owing to trichiasis, eventually blinding disease that supervenes in some individuals later in life. At least 150 infection episodes over an individual’s lifetime are needed to precipitate trichiasis; thus, opportunity exists for a just global health system to intervene to prevent trachomatous blindness. Trachoma is found at highest prevalence in the poorest communities of low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa; in June 2021, 1.8 million people worldwide were going blind from the disease. Blindness attributable to trachoma can appear in communities many years after conjunctival C. trachomatis transmission has waned or ceased; therefore, the two linked disease processes require distinct clinical and public health responses. Surgery is offered to individuals with trichiasis and antibiotic mass drug administration and interventions to stimulate facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are designed to reduce infection prevalence and transmission. Together, these interventions comprise the SAFE strategy, which is achieving considerable success. Although much work remains, a continuing public health problem from trachoma in the year 2030 will be difficult for the world to excuse. Trachoma, caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis , is the most common infectious cause of blindness. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of trachoma as well as its management, disease control and elimination, and key areas for future research. Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. It can result in blindness. Pathophysiologically, trachoma is a disease complex composed of two linked chronic processes: a recurrent, generally subclinical infectious–inflammatory disease that mostly affects children, and a non-communicable, cicatricial and, owing to trichiasis, eventually blinding disease that supervenes in some individuals later in life. At least 150 infection episodes over an individual’s lifetime are needed to precipitate trichiasis; thus, opportunity exists for a just global health system to intervene to prevent trachomatous blindness. Trachoma is found at highest prevalence in the poorest communities of low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa; in June 2021, 1.8 million people worldwide were going blind from the disease. Blindness attributable to trachoma can appear in communities many years after conjunctival C. trachomatis transmission has waned or ceased; therefore, the two linked disease processes require distinct clinical and public health responses. Surgery is offered to individuals with trichiasis and antibiotic mass drug administration and interventions to stimulate facial cleanliness and environmental improvement are designed to reduce infection prevalence and transmission. Together, these interventions comprise the SAFE strategy, which is achieving considerable success. Although much work remains, a continuing public health problem from trachoma in the year 2030 will be difficult for the world to excuse.Trachoma, caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis, is the most common infectious cause of blindness. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of trachoma as well as its management, disease control and elimination, and key areas for future research. |
ArticleNumber | 32 |
Author | Harding-Esch, Emma M. Oldenburg, Catherine E. Traoré, Lamine Burton, Matthew J. Taylor, Hugh R. Solomon, Anthony W. Gower, Emily W. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Anthony W. surname: Solomon fullname: Solomon, Anthony W. email: solomona@who.int organization: Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization – sequence: 2 givenname: Matthew J. surname: Burton fullname: Burton, Matthew J. organization: International Centre for Eye Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology – sequence: 3 givenname: Emily W. surname: Gower fullname: Gower, Emily W. organization: Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, RTI International – sequence: 4 givenname: Emma M. surname: Harding-Esch fullname: Harding-Esch, Emma M. organization: Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine – sequence: 5 givenname: Catherine E. surname: Oldenburg fullname: Oldenburg, Catherine E. organization: Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Francisco – sequence: 6 givenname: Hugh R. surname: Taylor fullname: Taylor, Hugh R. organization: Melbourne School of Population Health, University of Melbourne – sequence: 7 givenname: Lamine surname: Traoré fullname: Traoré, Lamine organization: Programme National de la Santé Oculaire, Ministère de la Santé |
BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35618795$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
BookMark | eNp9jztPwzAQxy1URErpF2BgYTb4ebZHVPGSKrFkYLMc2wEqkhS7Gfj2GFIeE8PpTrr_Q79jNOuHPiJ0SskFJVxfZkGlYpiwMoRLg-UBmjMiAYOCx9mfu0LLnDeEECo1GA1HqOISqFZGzlFVJ-efh86doMPWvea43O8Fqm-u69UdXj_c3q-u1tgLanY4KB2dAS6jp40ThjdcQxDaM8Op5iEEcCRop1olnOckGO81ozK2FKgTfIHOp9htGt7GmHd2M4ypL42WARhlOIAqKjapfBpyTrG12_TSufRuKbGf-HbCtwXffuFbWUxn--ix6WL4sXzDFgGfBLm8-qeYfrv_if0ArtlkSQ |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3389_fimmu_2023_1209879 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_ppat_1012303 crossref_primary_10_3390_hygiene3020008 crossref_primary_10_1080_20477724_2024_2342623 crossref_primary_10_1093_cid_ciae031 crossref_primary_10_1136_bjo_2022_322497 crossref_primary_10_1128_iai_00339_23 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pntd_0012143 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpubh_2022_1015714 crossref_primary_10_1080_20477724_2022_2136602 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pntd_0011476 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2023_2273507 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_survophthal_2023_02_008 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2023_2249546 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jfo_2024_104187 crossref_primary_10_1128_mra_00029_24 crossref_primary_10_4269_ajtmh_22_0760 crossref_primary_10_1128_msphere_00423_22 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_scitotenv_2024_170745 crossref_primary_10_1093_femspd_ftac044 crossref_primary_10_1128_mbio_03190_22 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_joclim_2023_100296 crossref_primary_10_1016_S1473_3099_24_00147_6 crossref_primary_10_19127_bshealthscience_1141391 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihad081 crossref_primary_10_1089_jop_2022_0174 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2023_2265796 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihad063 crossref_primary_10_3389_fbrio_2024_1333641 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihae036 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_biopha_2024_116956 crossref_primary_10_1093_inthealth_ihad089 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2022_2119258 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2023_2213776 crossref_primary_10_1099_mgen_0_001210 crossref_primary_10_1128_iai_00265_22 crossref_primary_10_1128_iai_00096_23 crossref_primary_10_5694_mja2_51752 crossref_primary_10_1080_09286586_2023_2248624 crossref_primary_10_1136_bmjophth_2023_001255 crossref_primary_10_3390_v15091954 crossref_primary_10_3389_fcimb_2023_1208302 crossref_primary_10_3389_bjbs_2024_12366 crossref_primary_10_1371_journal_pmed_1004345 crossref_primary_10_1098_rstb_2022_0279 crossref_primary_10_3390_ijms241713570 |
Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.10.008 10.1177/112067210201200104 10.1093/cid/ciaa1151 10.1186/s12886-020-01564-0 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.13423.2 10.1093/clinids/7.6.783 10.24869/psyd.2018.471 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004798 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15891-1 10.1038/8451 10.1167/iovs.05-1599 10.1186/s12886-020-01776-4 10.1016/S0966-842X(02)00011-2 10.1136/bjo.80.12.1037 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004071 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310916 10.1056/NEJMoa1003833 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0686 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30279-8 10.1017/S0950268899003076 10.4269/ajtmh.1992.46.552 10.1016/j.inhe.2011.03.004 10.1093/trstmh/traa022 10.1038/s41467-018-07852-0 10.1007/BF00133780 10.1128/IAI.05965-11 10.1371/annotation/f5c644e2-df7e-42ca-9ba4-b4984da715fd 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001586 10.1001/archopht.124.3.309 10.1038/s41433-019-0702-x 10.3201/eid2006.131302 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00409-5 10.1167/iovs.11-7880 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315777 10.1080/09286580500473803 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007637 10.2471/BLT.21.287137 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000835 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91591-9 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003763 10.1186/s40249-019-0585-x 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006178 10.3109/09286586.2015.1077259 10.1080/09286586.2016.1247876 10.4269/ajtmh.2007.76.129 10.3109/09286586.2014.988873 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0940 10.1016/S0161-6420(80)35234-2 10.1136/bjo.42.12.705 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)09158-2 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007605 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0022 10.1128/iai.31.3.1161-1176.1981 10.1086/655697 10.1136/bjo.73.4.276 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.03.012 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.3041 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008316 10.1167/iovs.02-0234 10.1001/jama.295.10.1142 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.023 10.1093/cid/ciaa042 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30111-6 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004627 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0846 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113521 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143622.x 10.1111/opo.12666 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004270 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000862 10.1093/trstmh/trab001 10.1128/AAC.49.11.4804-4806.2005 10.1093/ije/dyu062 10.1093/cid/ciab193 10.1038/srep28261 10.1136/bjo.2003.038661 10.4049/jimmunol.164.2.558 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68695-9 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.1286 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001713 10.1038/ng.2214 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.03.016 10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.06.010 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0726 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000377 10.1086/342298 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039529 10.1371/journal.pone.0006702 10.1093/infdis/jiu046 10.1128/IAI.00844-10 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0082 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002392 10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.08.002 10.1093/femspd/ftx050 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0046 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.06.030 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004927 10.1093/trstmh/traa171 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007835 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0501 10.1076/opep.8.2.137.4158 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000401 10.4269/ajtmh.2003.69.5_suppl_1.0690001 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303126 10.2471/BLT.19.248708 10.1080/09286586.2018.1500616 10.1186/s12879-019-3935-1 10.1097/iop.0000000000002055 10.1007/s40588-019-00116-5 10.1016/0002-9394(70)90096-6 10.1186/s13071-020-04414-6 10.1017/S0950268800049815 10.2471/BLT.16.187468 10.1093/ije/31.1.194 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.09.011 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)00004-8 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006464 10.1167/iovs.17-23381 10.1093/ije/18.4.944 10.3109/09286586.2015.1037401 10.1111/ceo.12023 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00406 10.1086/374743 10.1093/inthealth/ihv073 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008882 10.1017/S0022172400069242 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004752 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00299-5 10.1093/inthealth/ihu054 10.1159/000265329 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0386 10.1172/JCI17993 10.1128/IAI.72.12.7352-7356.2004 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.01.023 10.1093/ije/dyab227 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005277 10.1056/NEJMc0706263 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30488-5 10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_75_19 10.1093/trstmh/traa149 10.1001/archopht.1989.01070020903037 10.4049/jimmunol.138.9.3023 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61515-8 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005211 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003496 10.1093/trstmh/traa117 10.1093/aje/152.3.204 10.1167/iovs.04-0327 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036327 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)12387-5 10.1136/bjo.2006.102368 10.1001/jama.2009.1266 10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.278 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)90167-1 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006950 10.1001/jama.1965.03090190042012 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)01355-X 10.1086/341414 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008120 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13909-8 10.1167/iovs.05-0326 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007027 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02329 10.1371/journal.pone.0162445 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.09.008 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61029-X 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000341 10.1056/NEJMoa040979 10.3201/eid1011.040353 10.1136/bjo.2005.075390 10.1080/09286586.2018.1546876 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312476 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.045 10.1001/jama.299.7.778 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1365 10.1093/trstmh/traa170 10.1167/tvst.8.4.30 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0056 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315815 10.1056/NEJMoa1715474 10.1080/09286586.2016.1243717 10.3201/eid1507.081563 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.374 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.015 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000583 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30444-4 10.1007/s40135-013-0009-1 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.029 10.1073/pnas.1331135100 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01553.x 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007104 10.1136/bjo.78.11.813 10.1093/trstmh/traa132 10.1093/ije/20.4.1088 10.1089/vbz.2021.0021 10.1186/s12879-017-2685-1 10.1136/bjo.2004.062489 10.1186/s13071-020-04410-w 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053161 10.1128/CMR.17.4.982-1011.2004 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30393-5 10.1016/S0035-9203(00)90427-9 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000462 10.1093/inthealth/ihab011 10.1128/IAI.00629-19 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005402 10.1093/inthealth/ihz035 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.10.015 10.1167/iovs.03-0107 10.1167/iovs.08-2414 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.02.019 10.1128/JCM.00622-13 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60323-8 10.1080/09286586.2017.1293693 10.1101/gr.212647.116 10.1076/opep.8.2.145.4169 10.1172/JCI119136 10.1093/clinids/7.6.717 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.30 10.2471/BLT.18.212514 10.1086/652397 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.910 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | World Health Organization, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2022 2022. World Health Organization, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Copyright Nature Publishing Group 2022 |
Copyright_xml | – notice: World Health Organization, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited 2022 – notice: 2022. World Health Organization, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. – notice: Copyright Nature Publishing Group 2022 |
DBID | CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 3V. 7X7 7XB 88I 8FI 8FJ 8FK ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO FYUFA GHDGH GNUQQ HCIFZ K9. M0S M2P PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS Q9U |
DOI | 10.1038/s41572-022-00359-5 |
DatabaseName | Medline MEDLINE MEDLINE (Ovid) MEDLINE MEDLINE PubMed CrossRef ProQuest Central (Corporate) Health & Medical Collection ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016) Science Database (Alumni Edition) Hospital Premium Collection Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016) ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central Korea Health Research Premium Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central Student SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Science Database ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central Basic |
DatabaseTitle | MEDLINE Medline Complete MEDLINE with Full Text PubMed MEDLINE (Ovid) CrossRef ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Student ProQuest Central Basic ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Science Journals ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni) ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) SciTech Premium Collection ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Hospital Collection Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central China ProQuest Hospital Collection (Alumni) ProQuest Central ProQuest Health & Medical Complete Health Research Premium Collection ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition Health and Medicine Complete (Alumni Edition) ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest One Academic ProQuest Central (Alumni) |
DatabaseTitleList | MEDLINE ProQuest Science Journals (Alumni Edition) |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: NPM name: PubMed url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=PubMed sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 2 dbid: EIF name: MEDLINE url: https://proxy.k.utb.cz/login?url=https://www.webofscience.com/wos/medline/basic-search sourceTypes: Index Database – sequence: 3 dbid: BENPR name: AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Medicine Public Health |
EISSN | 2056-676X |
ExternalDocumentID | 10_1038_s41572_022_00359_5 35618795 |
Genre | Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S Review Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural |
GrantInformation_xml | – fundername: Wellcome Trust grantid: 207472/Z/17/Z – fundername: NEI NIH HHS grantid: UG1 EY028088 – fundername: Wellcome Trust grantid: 206275/Z/17/Z – fundername: NEI NIH HHS grantid: UG1 EY025992 – fundername: NEI NIH HHS grantid: UG1 EY030833 – fundername: World Health Organization grantid: 001 |
GroupedDBID | 0R~ 53G 7X7 88I 8FI 8FJ AAEEF AARCD AAWYQ AAYZH AAZLF ABJNI ABLJU ABUWG ACGFS ACMJI ADBBV AFKRA AFSHS AGAYW AGEZK AHSBF AIBTJ ALFFA ALIPV ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS ARMCB AXYYD AZQEC BENPR BKKNO BPHCQ BVXVI CCPQU DWQXO EBS FQGFK FSGXE FYUFA FZEXT GNUQQ HCIFZ HMCUK LGEZI LOTEE M2P NADUK NNMJJ NXXTH PQQKQ PROAC R9- RNR RNT SHXYY SIXXV SNYQT TAOOD TBHMF TDRGL TSG UKHRP CGR CUY CVF ECM EIF NPM AAYXX CITATION 3V. 7XB 8FK K9. PQEST PQUKI PRINS Q9U |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c419t-d78ea9635ec1ba493b386d48c293183ddd6a0d8a7f74ac30d9cc8215ef161a43 |
IEDL.DBID | 7X7 |
ISSN | 2056-676X |
IngestDate | Fri Dec 13 03:27:38 EST 2024 Thu Nov 21 22:51:12 EST 2024 Wed Oct 16 00:40:14 EDT 2024 Fri Dec 13 01:25:23 EST 2024 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 1 |
Language | English |
License | 2022. World Health Organization, under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c419t-d78ea9635ec1ba493b386d48c293183ddd6a0d8a7f74ac30d9cc8215ef161a43 |
OpenAccessLink | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41572-022-00359-5.pdf |
PMID | 35618795 |
PQID | 2669793667 |
PQPubID | 2069613 |
ParticipantIDs | proquest_journals_2669793667 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41572_022_00359_5 pubmed_primary_35618795 springer_journals_10_1038_s41572_022_00359_5 |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2022-05-26 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-05-26 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 05 year: 2022 text: 2022-05-26 day: 26 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationPlace | London |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: London – name: England |
PublicationTitle | Nature reviews. Disease primers |
PublicationTitleAbbrev | Nat Rev Dis Primers |
PublicationTitleAlternate | Nat Rev Dis Primers |
PublicationYear | 2022 |
Publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK Nature Publishing Group |
Publisher_xml | – sequence: 0 name: Nature Publishing Group UK – sequence: 0 name: Nature Publishing Group |
References | EW Gower (359_CR180) 2019; 13 D Djore (359_CR279) 2020; 27 AW Solomon (359_CR173) 2016; 4 GS Greene (359_CR134) 2015; 9 CE Oldenburg (359_CR205) 2018; 12 AW Solomon (359_CR115) 2020; 98 EM Harding-Esch (359_CR271) 2013; 7 A Amza (359_CR61) 2012; 6 T Derrick (359_CR99) 2016; 10 359_CR32 JZ Kechagia (359_CR109) 2016; 6 HO Ejere (359_CR238) 2015; 2015 EW Gower (359_CR69) 2006; 47 G Laing (359_CR287) 2021; 115 MJ Burton (359_CR89) 2015; 9 H Jha (359_CR15) 2002; 35 DC Mabey (359_CR22) 1992; 108 M Marks (359_CR214) 2016; 10 The Lancet Global Health. (359_CR281) 2021; 9 JF Schemann (359_CR57) 2002; 31 M Melese (359_CR263) 2008; 299 R Butcher (359_CR151) 2020; 80 PM Emerson (359_CR200) 2017; 11 HR Taylor (359_CR23) 2013; 41 RM Butcher (359_CR148) 2016; 10 SE Schachterle (359_CR211) 2014; 20 E Sata (359_CR18) 2021 SL Talero (359_CR131) 2019; 73 SL Talero (359_CR111) 2019; 8 E Habtamu (359_CR178) 2018; 6 A Last (359_CR55) 2020; 14 SK West (359_CR49) 1991; 20 HR Taylor (359_CR58) 1989; 107 T Gebre (359_CR261) 2012; 379 A Wondimu (359_CR36) 2003; 80 NL Chandra (359_CR293) 2018; 94 JR Evans (359_CR193) 2019; 2019 E Habtamu (359_CR187) 2015; 9 A Czerniewska (359_CR277) 2020; 102 KS O’Brien (359_CR222) 2019; 19 AW Solomon (359_CR126) 2018; 99 SN Rajak (359_CR8) 2011; 52 A Bojang (359_CR228) 2017; 17 SJ Rasmussen (359_CR100) 1997; 99 IM Blake (359_CR132) 2010; 4 T Lietman (359_CR199) 1999; 5 M Marks (359_CR215) 2015; 9 A Amza (359_CR262) 2017; 102 JL Smith (359_CR24) 2013; 7 JJ Hoffman (359_CR289) 2019; 13 RD Stelmach (359_CR140) 2019; 13 R Bailey (359_CR77) 1999; 123 MC Kim (359_CR258) 2019; 14 G Mwangi (359_CR278) 2020 M Burton (359_CR164) 2015; 2015 AM Ramadhani (359_CR88) 2019; 13 R Butcher (359_CR150) 2018; 3 LH Collier (359_CR67) 1958; 42 J Juri Mandić (359_CR243) 2018; 30 RJ Bickley (359_CR183) 2017; 11 PJ Dolin (359_CR13) 1997; 349 U Dhaliwal (359_CR113) 2006; 13 M Bird (359_CR82) 2003; 187 E Habtamu (359_CR191) 2016; 10 AH Skalet (359_CR223) 2010; 7 HR Taylor (359_CR93) 1983; 24 EM Harding-Esch (359_CR284) 2021; 115 AB Tullo (359_CR118) 1981; 87 C Mpyet (359_CR137) 2018; 25 X Chen (359_CR233) 2021; 15 TM Lietman (359_CR268) 2018; 12 AW Solomon (359_CR26) 2003; 362 HD Caldwell (359_CR42) 1981; 31 CE Michel (359_CR83) 2011; 5 LG Senyonjo (359_CR253) 2018; 12 AW Solomon (359_CR142) 2014; 27 AW Solomon (359_CR29) 2004; 351 TH Adera (359_CR34) 2016; 23 L Senyonjo (359_CR133) 2019; 8 P Courtright (359_CR144) 2018; 102 HD Caldwell (359_CR44) 2003; 111 F Woreta (359_CR192) 2012; 130 NE Stoller (359_CR236) 2011; 3 JD King (359_CR272) 2011; 105 T Gebre (359_CR250) 2021; 13 AW Solomon (359_CR196) 2008; 358 HR Taylor (359_CR27) 1992; 46 CE Michel (359_CR156) 2006; 367 E Habtamu (359_CR170) 2016; 4 VH Hu (359_CR97) 2013; 97 ES West (359_CR185) 2006; 90 JS Melo (359_CR265) 2021 C Macleod (359_CR123) 2017; 11 AW Solomon (359_CR216) 2015; 9 PM Emerson (359_CR235) 2004; 363 MG Delea (359_CR232) 2018; 12 JT Grayston (359_CR4) 1985; 7 N Wilson (359_CR269) 2019; 26 E Habtamu (359_CR171) 2019; 17 RL Bailey (359_CR194) 1993; 342 SN Rajak (359_CR257) 2012; 57 EA Cromwell (359_CR35) 2009; 103 AM Ramadhani (359_CR147) 2016; 10 VH Hu (359_CR80) 2013; 7 J Schachter (359_CR84) 1999; 354 M Uchino (359_CR244) 2013; 1 AM Ramadhani (359_CR104) 2017; 7 SK West (359_CR176) 2006; 124 AW Solomon (359_CR116) 2018; 25 S Lewallen (359_CR184) 2007; 91 VH Hu (359_CR96) 2011; 118 KD Frick (359_CR10) 2003; 69 AM Ramadhani (359_CR85) 2016; 10 SN Rajak (359_CR174) 2011; 8 359_CR204 MJ Burton (359_CR259) 2021; 9 359_CR201 TC Porco (359_CR207) 2009; 302 MA Wolle (359_CR7) 2009; 116 SE Howe (359_CR294) 2019; 15 PM Emerson (359_CR74) 1999; 353 HR Taylor (359_CR94) 1987; 138 DG Addiss (359_CR163) 2013; 7 A Gitsels (359_CR41) 2019; 10 AJ Kreis (359_CR181) 2020; 34 SN Rajak (359_CR179) 2013; 7 IM Blake (359_CR50) 2009; 3 S West (359_CR230) 1995; 345 359_CR1 B Bayissasse (359_CR172) 2020; 10 A Hinterwirth (359_CR212) 2020; 103 C Elwell (359_CR40) 2016; 14 SE Burr (359_CR119) 2013; 7 SR Harris (359_CR43) 2012; 44 PM Emerson (359_CR70) 2000; 94 M Gambhir (359_CR76) 2009; 3 359_CR86 K Baral (359_CR81) 1999; 77 HR Taylor (359_CR3) 1982; 23 SK West (359_CR221) 2014; 210 S Budge (359_CR276) 2022; 100 SL Palmer (359_CR9) 2014; 6 A Morice (359_CR285) 2021; 115 KC Oktavec (359_CR190) 2015; 22 KF Tabbara (359_CR242) 1980; 87 EW Gower (359_CR175) 2013; 131 359_CR146 E Jawetz (359_CR78) 1965; 194 S Haug (359_CR224) 2010; 51 359_CR139 MJ Burton (359_CR28) 2005; 365 BA Blodi (359_CR240) 1988; 12 JS Kim (359_CR252) 2019; 13 T Darville (359_CR101) 2010; 201 JC Seidman (359_CR225) 2014; 43 World Health Organization. (359_CR245) 2020; 30 MG Delea (359_CR273) 2020; 227 B Thylefors (359_CR122) 1987; 65 359_CR138 359_CR136 K Ohashi (359_CR47) 2000; 164 S Dodson (359_CR234) 2018; 96 359_CR255 T Derrick (359_CR105) 2020; 88 TR Derrick (359_CR158) 2020; 13 A Tafida (359_CR25) 2015; 22 SR Polack (359_CR51) 2005; 99 KM Gupta (359_CR182) 2018; 12 359_CR128 B Bero (359_CR33) 2016; 23 A Puck (359_CR45) 1984; 16 AM Fry (359_CR209) 2002; 35 RM Flueckiger (359_CR16) 2019; 13 CH Roberts (359_CR145) 2013; 51 MA Wolle (359_CR87) 2009; 50 M Hägi (359_CR53) 2010; 4 DL Martin (359_CR159) 2020; 14 YH Hsieh (359_CR64) 2000; 152 JD Chidambaram (359_CR198) 2006; 295 A Berry (359_CR38) 2019; 6 S Abraham (359_CR161) 2019; 19 RD Vicetti Miguel (359_CR107) 2016; 11 M Rabiu (359_CR237) 2012; 2012 359_CR247 359_CR127 359_CR124 E Habtamu (359_CR11) 2015; 9 W Alemayehu (359_CR169) 2004; 111 359_CR246 AM Sanders (359_CR135) 2020; 114 B Munoz (359_CR202) 2003; 44 359_CR121 SL Merbs (359_CR256) 2021 DM Elston (359_CR120) 2020; 82 WR Dowdle (359_CR248) 1998; 76 RM Flueckiger (359_CR90) 2019; 19 J Hadfield (359_CR5) 2017; 27 359_CR117 K Miller (359_CR72) 2004; 88 A Pinsent (359_CR251) 2018; 9 R Ghinai (359_CR213) 2015; 9 B Amoah (359_CR254) 2021 VH Hu (359_CR108) 2012; 80 SK West (359_CR143) 2020; 40 JD Keenan (359_CR206) 2018; 378 WA Ray (359_CR217) 2012; 366 AT Broman (359_CR56) 2006; 47 G Mwangi (359_CR167) 2020; 20 EM Harding-Esch (359_CR62) 2010; 4 CK Macleod (359_CR149) 2016; 10 CE Oldenburg (359_CR249) 2020; 105 DM Wittberg (359_CR275) 2021; 11 E Habtamu (359_CR168) 2017 SD Nash (359_CR260) 2018; 67 S Boisson (359_CR286) 2021; 115 359_CR114 EM Harding-Esch (359_CR157) 2011; 5 A Hoechsmann (359_CR14) 2001; 8 A Natividad (359_CR103) 2010; 78 EM Bloch (359_CR226) 2017; 97 359_CR229 AW Solomon (359_CR125) 2015; 22 MJ Burton (359_CR102) 2004; 72 JI House (359_CR267) 2009; 373 I Golovaty (359_CR60) 2009; 4 SK West (359_CR6) 2001; 8 JD Keenan (359_CR218) 2013; 173 M Guzey (359_CR241) 2002; 12 BM Snyder (359_CR154) 2019; 11 A Borlase (359_CR282) 2021; 115 MJ Burton (359_CR197) 2010; 4 KC Hong (359_CR220) 2009; 15 RF Baggaley (359_CR66) 2006; 11 NC Grassly (359_CR79) 2008; 2 RJ Bowman (359_CR195) 2000; 41 AW Solomon (359_CR129) 2001; 79 RS Stephens (359_CR106) 2003; 11 R Butcher (359_CR280) 2020 A Amza (359_CR270) 2021; 21 CL Coles (359_CR210) 2011; 85 J Katz (359_CR63) 1996; 80 FL Dunn (359_CR20) 1985; 7 E Habtamu (359_CR112) 2015; 9 359_CR292 359_CR290 359_CR291 SP Wang (359_CR39) 1970; 70 AM el-Asrar (359_CR95) 1989; 73 AW Solomon (359_CR141) 2020; 103 A Last (359_CR31) 2017; 75 CK Macleod (359_CR152) 2021; 72 HR Taylor (359_CR21) 2001; 175 TA Woreta (359_CR189) 2009; 127 SN Rajak (359_CR186) 2012; 119 R Bailey (359_CR48) 1989; 18 S Lee (359_CR73) 2007; 76 B Versteeg (359_CR75) 2020; 14 EM Harding-Esch (359_CR274) 2020; 13 RJ Belland (359_CR46) 2003; 100 World Health Organization. (359_CR17) 2021; 96 HR Taylor (359_CR92) 1981; 21 TM Lietman (359_CR266) 2020; 214 A de Oliveira Alves (359_CR130) 2018; 71 359_CR162 S Aragie (359_CR231) 2022; 10 E Habtamu (359_CR188) 2020; 14 N Brewer (359_CR71) 2021 MJ Burton (359_CR54) 2003; 44 EW Gower (359_CR166) 2012; 6 AW Solomon (359_CR219) 2005; 49 S West (359_CR68) 1993; 34 AW Solomon (359_CR110) 2004; 17 MJ Burton (359_CR177) 2005; 89 CE Oldenburg (359_CR208) 2019 VH Hu (359_CR91) 2018; 59 359_CR288 RL Bailey (359_CR52) 1994; 78 359_CR165 CE Oldenburg (359_CR264) 2017 P Courtright (359_CR37) 2004; 10 359_CR19 JV Garn (359_CR65) 2018; 12 359_CR12 JM Nesemann (359_CR153) 2020 B Ayele (359_CR203) 2011; 85 ES West (359_CR30) 2005; 46 S Boisson (359_CR239) 2016; 8 VH Hu (359_CR98) 2016; 10 S West (359_CR59) 1989; 67 CS Kosack (359_CR155) 2017; 95 TB Poston (359_CR160) 2017; 37 JC Seidman (359_CR227) 2016; 7 SR Flaxman (359_CR2) 2017; 5 S Blumberg (359_CR283) 2021; 115 |
References_xml | – volume: 71 start-page: e13 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR130 publication-title: Ann. Emerg. Med. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.10.008 contributor: fullname: A de Oliveira Alves – volume: 9 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR281 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health contributor: fullname: The Lancet Global Health. – volume: 24 start-page: 647 year: 1983 ident: 359_CR93 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 12 start-page: 18 year: 2002 ident: 359_CR241 publication-title: Eur. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1177/112067210201200104 contributor: fullname: M Guzey – year: 2020 ident: 359_CR280 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1151 contributor: fullname: R Butcher – volume: 20 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR167 publication-title: BMC Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01564-0 contributor: fullname: G Mwangi – volume: 3 start-page: 14 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR150 publication-title: Wellcome Open. Res. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.13423.2 contributor: fullname: R Butcher – volume: 30 start-page: 349 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR245 publication-title: Wkly Epidemiol. Rec. contributor: fullname: World Health Organization. – volume: 7 start-page: 783 year: 1985 ident: 359_CR20 publication-title: Rev. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1093/clinids/7.6.783 contributor: fullname: FL Dunn – ident: 359_CR128 – volume: 30 start-page: 471 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR243 publication-title: Psychiatr. Danubina doi: 10.24869/psyd.2018.471 contributor: fullname: J Juri Mandić – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR149 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004798 contributor: fullname: CK Macleod – volume: 27 start-page: 18 year: 2014 ident: 359_CR142 publication-title: Commun. Eye Health contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 363 start-page: 1093 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR235 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(04)15891-1 contributor: fullname: PM Emerson – volume: 5 start-page: 572 year: 1999 ident: 359_CR199 publication-title: Nat. Med. doi: 10.1038/8451 contributor: fullname: T Lietman – ident: 359_CR139 – volume: 47 start-page: 4767 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR69 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.05-1599 contributor: fullname: EW Gower – volume: 21 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR270 publication-title: BMC Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1186/s12886-020-01776-4 contributor: fullname: A Amza – volume: 11 start-page: 44 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR106 publication-title: Trends Microbiol. doi: 10.1016/S0966-842X(02)00011-2 contributor: fullname: RS Stephens – volume: 80 start-page: 1037 year: 1996 ident: 359_CR63 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.80.12.1037 contributor: fullname: J Katz – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR216 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004071 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 102 start-page: 680 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR262 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-310916 contributor: fullname: A Amza – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR98 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: VH Hu – volume: 366 start-page: 1881 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR217 publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1003833 contributor: fullname: WA Ray – volume: 103 start-page: 2481 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR141 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0686 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 19 start-page: 1091 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR161 publication-title: Lancet Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30279-8 contributor: fullname: S Abraham – volume: 123 start-page: 479 year: 1999 ident: 359_CR77 publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect. doi: 10.1017/S0950268899003076 contributor: fullname: R Bailey – volume: 46 start-page: 552 year: 1992 ident: 359_CR27 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1992.46.552 contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR147 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: AM Ramadhani – volume: 3 start-page: 75 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR236 publication-title: Int. Health doi: 10.1016/j.inhe.2011.03.004 contributor: fullname: NE Stoller – volume: 114 start-page: 561 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR135 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa022 contributor: fullname: AM Sanders – volume: 23 start-page: 507 year: 1982 ident: 359_CR3 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 76 start-page: 22 year: 1998 ident: 359_CR248 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. contributor: fullname: WR Dowdle – ident: 359_CR146 – volume: 9 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR251 publication-title: Nat. Commun. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07852-0 contributor: fullname: A Pinsent – volume: 12 start-page: 41 year: 1988 ident: 359_CR240 publication-title: Int. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1007/BF00133780 contributor: fullname: BA Blodi – ident: 359_CR255 – volume: 5 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR83 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: CE Michel – volume: 80 start-page: 121 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR108 publication-title: Infect. Immun. doi: 10.1128/IAI.05965-11 contributor: fullname: VH Hu – volume: 7 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR24 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/annotation/f5c644e2-df7e-42ca-9ba4-b4984da715fd contributor: fullname: JL Smith – volume: 6 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR61 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001586 contributor: fullname: A Amza – volume: 124 start-page: 309 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR176 publication-title: Arch. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1001/archopht.124.3.309 contributor: fullname: SK West – volume: 34 start-page: 2131 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR181 publication-title: Eye doi: 10.1038/s41433-019-0702-x contributor: fullname: AJ Kreis – volume: 20 start-page: 941 year: 2014 ident: 359_CR211 publication-title: Emerg. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.3201/eid2006.131302 contributor: fullname: SE Schachterle – volume: 10 start-page: e87 year: 2022 ident: 359_CR231 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00409-5 contributor: fullname: S Aragie – volume: 52 start-page: 7974 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR8 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-7880 contributor: fullname: SN Rajak – volume: 7 start-page: 1420 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR227 publication-title: Front. Microbiol. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420 contributor: fullname: JC Seidman – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR252 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: JS Kim – year: 2020 ident: 359_CR278 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2019-315777 contributor: fullname: G Mwangi – ident: 359_CR117 – volume: 13 start-page: 59 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR113 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1080/09286580500473803 contributor: fullname: U Dhaliwal – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR180 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007637 contributor: fullname: EW Gower – volume: 100 start-page: 286 year: 2022 ident: 359_CR276 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. doi: 10.2471/BLT.21.287137 contributor: fullname: S Budge – volume: 4 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR197 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000835 contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – ident: 359_CR290 – volume: 342 start-page: 453 year: 1993 ident: 359_CR194 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91591-9 contributor: fullname: RL Bailey – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR89 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003763 contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – volume: 8 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR133 publication-title: Infect. Dis. Poverty doi: 10.1186/s40249-019-0585-x contributor: fullname: L Senyonjo – volume: 12 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR232 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006178 contributor: fullname: MG Delea – volume: 22 start-page: 333 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR25 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1077259 contributor: fullname: A Tafida – volume: 23 start-page: 84 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR34 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2016.1247876 contributor: fullname: TH Adera – volume: 76 start-page: 129 year: 2007 ident: 359_CR73 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2007.76.129 contributor: fullname: S Lee – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR187 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 22 start-page: 153 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR190 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2014.988873 contributor: fullname: KC Oktavec – ident: 359_CR12 – volume: 103 start-page: 1266 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR212 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0940 contributor: fullname: A Hinterwirth – volume: 87 start-page: 298 year: 1980 ident: 359_CR242 publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(80)35234-2 contributor: fullname: KF Tabbara – volume: 42 start-page: 705 year: 1958 ident: 359_CR67 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.42.12.705 contributor: fullname: LH Collier – volume: 353 start-page: 1401 year: 1999 ident: 359_CR74 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)09158-2 contributor: fullname: PM Emerson – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR140 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007605 contributor: fullname: RD Stelmach – volume: 97 start-page: 815 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR226 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0022 contributor: fullname: EM Bloch – volume: 31 start-page: 1161 year: 1981 ident: 359_CR42 publication-title: Infect. Immun. doi: 10.1128/iai.31.3.1161-1176.1981 contributor: fullname: HD Caldwell – volume: 51 start-page: 571 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR224 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1086/655697 contributor: fullname: S Haug – volume: 73 start-page: 276 year: 1989 ident: 359_CR95 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.73.4.276 contributor: fullname: AM el-Asrar – volume: 12 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR268 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006478 contributor: fullname: TM Lietman – volume: 103 start-page: 985 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR35 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2009.03.012 contributor: fullname: EA Cromwell – volume: 173 start-page: 821 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR218 publication-title: JAMA Intern. Med. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.3041 contributor: fullname: JD Keenan – volume: 15 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR233 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: X Chen – volume: 14 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR159 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008316 contributor: fullname: DL Martin – volume: 8 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR174 publication-title: PLoS Med. contributor: fullname: SN Rajak – volume: 44 start-page: 1464 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR202 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.02-0234 contributor: fullname: B Munoz – ident: 359_CR247 – volume: 295 start-page: 1142 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR198 publication-title: JAMA doi: 10.1001/jama.295.10.1142 contributor: fullname: JD Chidambaram – volume: 37 start-page: 7289 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR160 publication-title: Vaccine doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.01.023 contributor: fullname: TB Poston – volume: 72 start-page: 423 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR152 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa042 contributor: fullname: CK Macleod – volume: 6 start-page: e579 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR178 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30111-6 contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR191 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004627 contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – ident: 359_CR201 – volume: 4 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR62 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: EM Harding-Esch – volume: 2019 start-page: CD001860 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR193 publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. contributor: fullname: JR Evans – year: 2019 ident: 359_CR208 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0846 contributor: fullname: CE Oldenburg – volume: 227 start-page: 113521 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR273 publication-title: Int. J. Hyg. Env. Health doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113521 contributor: fullname: MG Delea – ident: 359_CR1 – ident: 359_CR86 – volume: 175 start-page: 371 year: 2001 ident: 359_CR21 publication-title: Med. J. Aust. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143622.x contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 40 start-page: 66 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR143 publication-title: Ophthalmic Physiol. Opt. doi: 10.1111/opo.12666 contributor: fullname: SK West – volume: 2015 start-page: CD003659 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR238 publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. contributor: fullname: HO Ejere – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR134 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004270 contributor: fullname: GS Greene – ident: 359_CR19 – volume: 34 start-page: 3194 year: 1993 ident: 359_CR68 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. contributor: fullname: S West – volume: 4 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR132 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000862 contributor: fullname: IM Blake – volume: 115 start-page: 185 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR286 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/trab001 contributor: fullname: S Boisson – volume: 49 start-page: 4804 year: 2005 ident: 359_CR219 publication-title: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. doi: 10.1128/AAC.49.11.4804-4806.2005 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 43 start-page: 1105 year: 2014 ident: 359_CR225 publication-title: Int. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyu062 contributor: fullname: JC Seidman – ident: 359_CR124 – year: 2021 ident: 359_CR265 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab193 contributor: fullname: JS Melo – volume: 6 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR109 publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/srep28261 contributor: fullname: JZ Kechagia – volume: 88 start-page: 750 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR72 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2003.038661 contributor: fullname: K Miller – volume: 164 start-page: 558 year: 2000 ident: 359_CR47 publication-title: J. Immunol. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.164.2.558 contributor: fullname: K Ohashi – volume: 367 start-page: 1585 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR156 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68695-9 contributor: fullname: CE Michel – volume: 82 start-page: 572 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR120 publication-title: J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.06.1286 contributor: fullname: DM Elston – volume: 6 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR166 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001713 contributor: fullname: EW Gower – volume: 44 start-page: 413 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR43 publication-title: Nat. Genet. doi: 10.1038/ng.2214 contributor: fullname: SR Harris – year: 2017 ident: 359_CR168 publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2017.03.016 contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 99 start-page: 218 year: 2005 ident: 359_CR51 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.06.010 contributor: fullname: SR Polack – volume: 102 start-page: 740 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR277 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0726 contributor: fullname: A Czerniewska – volume: 7 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR223 publication-title: PLoS Med. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000377 contributor: fullname: AH Skalet – volume: 35 start-page: 765 year: 2002 ident: 359_CR15 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1086/342298 contributor: fullname: H Jha – volume: 11 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR275 publication-title: BMJ Open doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039529 contributor: fullname: DM Wittberg – volume: 4 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR60 publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006702 contributor: fullname: I Golovaty – volume: 210 start-page: 65 year: 2014 ident: 359_CR221 publication-title: J. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiu046 contributor: fullname: SK West – volume: 78 start-page: 4895 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR103 publication-title: Infect. Immun. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00844-10 contributor: fullname: A Natividad – volume: 99 start-page: 858 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR126 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0082 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 7 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR179 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002392 contributor: fullname: SN Rajak – volume: 57 start-page: 105 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR257 publication-title: Surv. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2011.08.002 contributor: fullname: SN Rajak – volume: 75 start-page: 1 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR31 publication-title: Pathog. Dis. doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftx050 contributor: fullname: A Last – volume: 85 start-page: 691 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR210 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0046 contributor: fullname: CL Coles – volume: 65 start-page: 477 year: 1987 ident: 359_CR122 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. contributor: fullname: B Thylefors – volume: 111 start-page: 578 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR169 publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2003.06.030 contributor: fullname: W Alemayehu – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR214 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004927 contributor: fullname: M Marks – volume: 115 start-page: 213 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR282 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa171 contributor: fullname: A Borlase – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR16 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007835 contributor: fullname: RM Flueckiger – year: 2017 ident: 359_CR264 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0501 contributor: fullname: CE Oldenburg – ident: 359_CR136 – volume: 8 start-page: 137 year: 2001 ident: 359_CR6 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1076/opep.8.2.137.4158 contributor: fullname: SK West – volume: 3 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR50 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000401 contributor: fullname: IM Blake – volume: 69 start-page: 1 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR10 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2003.69.5_suppl_1.0690001 contributor: fullname: KD Frick – volume: 97 start-page: 1333 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR97 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2013-303126 contributor: fullname: VH Hu – volume: 98 start-page: 698 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR115 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. doi: 10.2471/BLT.19.248708 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 25 start-page: 399 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR116 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2018.1500616 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 19 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR90 publication-title: BMC Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1186/s12879-019-3935-1 contributor: fullname: RM Flueckiger – volume: 5 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR157 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: EM Harding-Esch – year: 2021 ident: 359_CR256 publication-title: Ophthalmic Plast. Reconstr. Surg. doi: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002055 contributor: fullname: SL Merbs – volume: 6 start-page: 67 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR38 publication-title: Curr. Clin. Microbiol. Rep. doi: 10.1007/s40588-019-00116-5 contributor: fullname: A Berry – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR215 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: M Marks – volume: 70 start-page: 367 year: 1970 ident: 359_CR39 publication-title: Am. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1016/0002-9394(70)90096-6 contributor: fullname: SP Wang – volume: 13 start-page: 533 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR158 publication-title: Parasit. Vectors doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04414-6 contributor: fullname: TR Derrick – volume: 77 start-page: 461 year: 1999 ident: 359_CR81 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. contributor: fullname: K Baral – volume: 108 start-page: 343 year: 1992 ident: 359_CR22 publication-title: Epidemiol. Infect. doi: 10.1017/S0950268800049815 contributor: fullname: DC Mabey – volume: 95 start-page: 639 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR155 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. doi: 10.2471/BLT.16.187468 contributor: fullname: CS Kosack – volume: 31 start-page: 194 year: 2002 ident: 359_CR57 publication-title: Int. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/ije/31.1.194 contributor: fullname: JF Schemann – volume: 116 start-page: 243 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR7 publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2008.09.011 contributor: fullname: MA Wolle – volume: 4 start-page: e140 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR173 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)00004-8 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 12 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR182 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006464 contributor: fullname: KM Gupta – volume: 59 start-page: 2339 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR91 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.17-23381 contributor: fullname: VH Hu – volume: 15 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR294 publication-title: PLoS Pathog. contributor: fullname: SE Howe – volume: 18 start-page: 944 year: 1989 ident: 359_CR48 publication-title: Int. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/ije/18.4.944 contributor: fullname: R Bailey – ident: 359_CR229 – ident: 359_CR246 – volume: 22 start-page: 214 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR125 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2015.1037401 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 41 start-page: 508 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR23 publication-title: Clin. Exp. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1111/ceo.12023 contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – ident: 359_CR291 – volume: 7 start-page: 406 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR104 publication-title: Front. Cell Infect. Microbiol. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00406 contributor: fullname: AM Ramadhani – volume: 21 start-page: 422 year: 1981 ident: 359_CR92 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 187 start-page: 1669 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR82 publication-title: J. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1086/374743 contributor: fullname: M Bird – volume: 8 start-page: i19 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR239 publication-title: Int. Health doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihv073 contributor: fullname: S Boisson – volume: 14 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR188 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008882 contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 87 start-page: 63 year: 1981 ident: 359_CR118 publication-title: J. Hyg. doi: 10.1017/S0022172400069242 contributor: fullname: AB Tullo – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR99 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004752 contributor: fullname: T Derrick – volume: 4 start-page: e175 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR170 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(15)00299-5 contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 6 start-page: 291 year: 2014 ident: 359_CR9 publication-title: Int. Health doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihu054 contributor: fullname: SL Palmer – volume: 16 start-page: 284 year: 1984 ident: 359_CR45 publication-title: Ophthalmic Res. doi: 10.1159/000265329 contributor: fullname: A Puck – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR85 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: AM Ramadhani – year: 2020 ident: 359_CR153 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0386 contributor: fullname: JM Nesemann – volume: 111 start-page: 1757 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR44 publication-title: J. Clin. Invest. doi: 10.1172/JCI17993 contributor: fullname: HD Caldwell – volume: 72 start-page: 7352 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR102 publication-title: Infect. Immun. doi: 10.1128/IAI.72.12.7352-7356.2004 contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – volume: 73 start-page: 694 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR131 publication-title: Ann. Emerg. Med. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2019.01.023 contributor: fullname: SL Talero – year: 2021 ident: 359_CR254 publication-title: Int. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyab227 contributor: fullname: B Amoah – ident: 359_CR292 – volume: 7 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR271 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: EM Harding-Esch – volume: 2012 start-page: CD004003 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR237 publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. contributor: fullname: M Rabiu – volume: 11 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR123 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005277 contributor: fullname: C Macleod – volume: 358 start-page: 1870 year: 2008 ident: 359_CR196 publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc0706263 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 9 start-page: e489 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR259 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30488-5 contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – volume: 27 start-page: 14 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR279 publication-title: Middle East. Afr. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.4103/meajo.MEAJO_75_19 contributor: fullname: D Djore – volume: 67 start-page: 1840 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR260 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. contributor: fullname: SD Nash – volume: 115 start-page: 127 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR285 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa149 contributor: fullname: A Morice – ident: 359_CR114 – volume: 107 start-page: 1821 year: 1989 ident: 359_CR58 publication-title: Arch. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1989.01070020903037 contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 138 start-page: 3023 year: 1987 ident: 359_CR94 publication-title: J. Immunol. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.138.9.3023 contributor: fullname: HR Taylor – volume: 379 start-page: 143 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR261 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61515-8 contributor: fullname: T Gebre – volume: 11 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR183 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005211 contributor: fullname: RJ Bickley – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR213 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003496 contributor: fullname: R Ghinai – volume: 115 start-page: 182 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR287 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa117 contributor: fullname: G Laing – volume: 152 start-page: 204 year: 2000 ident: 359_CR64 publication-title: Am. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/aje/152.3.204 contributor: fullname: YH Hsieh – ident: 359_CR165 – volume: 46 start-page: 83 year: 2005 ident: 359_CR30 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.04-0327 contributor: fullname: ES West – volume: 10 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR172 publication-title: BMJ Open doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036327 contributor: fullname: B Bayissasse – volume: 354 start-page: 630 year: 1999 ident: 359_CR84 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(98)12387-5 contributor: fullname: J Schachter – volume: 91 start-page: 143 year: 2007 ident: 359_CR184 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2006.102368 contributor: fullname: S Lewallen – volume: 302 start-page: 962 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR207 publication-title: JAMA doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1266 contributor: fullname: TC Porco – volume: 127 start-page: 1505 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR189 publication-title: Arch. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2009.278 contributor: fullname: TA Woreta – volume: 345 start-page: 155 year: 1995 ident: 359_CR230 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)90167-1 contributor: fullname: S West – volume: 12 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR205 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006950 contributor: fullname: CE Oldenburg – ident: 359_CR32 – volume: 10 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR148 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: RM Butcher – volume: 80 start-page: 365 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR36 publication-title: East. Afr. Med. J. contributor: fullname: A Wondimu – volume: 194 start-page: 150 year: 1965 ident: 359_CR78 publication-title: JAMA doi: 10.1001/jama.1965.03090190042012 contributor: fullname: E Jawetz – volume: 349 start-page: 1511 year: 1997 ident: 359_CR13 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)01355-X contributor: fullname: PJ Dolin – volume: 35 start-page: 395 year: 2002 ident: 359_CR209 publication-title: Clin. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1086/341414 contributor: fullname: AM Fry – volume: 14 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR55 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008120 contributor: fullname: A Last – volume: 362 start-page: 198 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR26 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13909-8 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 47 start-page: 99 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR56 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.05-0326 contributor: fullname: AT Broman – volume: 12 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR253 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007027 contributor: fullname: LG Senyonjo – volume: 7 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR80 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: VH Hu – volume: 10 start-page: 2329 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR41 publication-title: Front. Microbiol. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02329 contributor: fullname: A Gitsels – volume: 11 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR107 publication-title: PLoS ONE doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162445 contributor: fullname: RD Vicetti Miguel – volume: 105 start-page: 7 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR272 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.09.008 contributor: fullname: JD King – volume: 365 start-page: 1321 year: 2005 ident: 359_CR28 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61029-X contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – volume: 2 year: 2008 ident: 359_CR79 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000341 contributor: fullname: NC Grassly – volume: 351 start-page: 1962 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR29 publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa040979 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 10 start-page: 2012 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR37 publication-title: Emerg. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.3201/eid1011.040353 contributor: fullname: P Courtright – volume: 90 start-page: 171 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR185 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2005.075390 contributor: fullname: ES West – volume: 25 start-page: 138 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR137 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2018.1546876 contributor: fullname: C Mpyet – volume: 102 start-page: 1324 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR144 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312476 contributor: fullname: P Courtright – volume: 7 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR163 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: DG Addiss – volume: 119 start-page: 84 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR186 publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.045 contributor: fullname: SN Rajak – volume: 299 start-page: 778 year: 2008 ident: 359_CR263 publication-title: JAMA doi: 10.1001/jama.299.7.778 contributor: fullname: M Melese – year: 2021 ident: 359_CR18 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1365 contributor: fullname: E Sata – volume: 115 start-page: 222 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR283 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa170 contributor: fullname: S Blumberg – ident: 359_CR138 – volume: 8 start-page: 30 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR111 publication-title: Transl. Vis. Sci. Technol. doi: 10.1167/tvst.8.4.30 contributor: fullname: SL Talero – volume: 85 start-page: 291 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR203 publication-title: Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0056 contributor: fullname: B Ayele – volume: 105 start-page: 1059 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR249 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2020-315815 contributor: fullname: CE Oldenburg – volume: 12 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR65 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: JV Garn – volume: 378 start-page: 1583 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR206 publication-title: N. Engl. J. Med. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1715474 contributor: fullname: JD Keenan – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR88 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: AM Ramadhani – volume: 23 start-page: 392 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR33 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2016.1243717 contributor: fullname: B Bero – volume: 15 start-page: 1088 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR220 publication-title: Emerg. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.3201/eid1507.081563 contributor: fullname: KC Hong – volume: 130 start-page: 427 year: 2012 ident: 359_CR192 publication-title: Arch. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.374 contributor: fullname: F Woreta – volume: 80 start-page: 454 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR151 publication-title: J. Infect. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.01.015 contributor: fullname: R Butcher – volume: 4 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR53 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000583 contributor: fullname: M Hägi – volume: 19 start-page: e14 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR222 publication-title: Lancet Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(18)30444-4 contributor: fullname: KS O’Brien – volume: 1 start-page: 51 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR244 publication-title: Curr. Ophthalmol. Rep. doi: 10.1007/s40135-013-0009-1 contributor: fullname: M Uchino – volume: 118 start-page: 747 year: 2011 ident: 359_CR96 publication-title: Ophthalmology doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.08.029 contributor: fullname: VH Hu – volume: 100 start-page: 8478 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR46 publication-title: Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA doi: 10.1073/pnas.1331135100 contributor: fullname: RJ Belland – volume: 11 start-page: 220 year: 2006 ident: 359_CR66 publication-title: Trop. Med. Int. Health doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2005.01553.x contributor: fullname: RF Baggaley – volume: 13 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR289 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007104 contributor: fullname: JJ Hoffman – volume: 78 start-page: 813 year: 1994 ident: 359_CR52 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.78.11.813 contributor: fullname: RL Bailey – ident: 359_CR162 – volume: 96 start-page: 353 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR17 publication-title: Wkly Epidemiol. Rec. contributor: fullname: World Health Organization. – volume: 115 start-page: 124 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR284 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1093/trstmh/traa132 contributor: fullname: EM Harding-Esch – volume: 20 start-page: 1088 year: 1991 ident: 359_CR49 publication-title: Int. J. Epidemiol. doi: 10.1093/ije/20.4.1088 contributor: fullname: SK West – year: 2021 ident: 359_CR71 publication-title: Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. doi: 10.1089/vbz.2021.0021 contributor: fullname: N Brewer – volume: 17 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR228 publication-title: BMC Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2685-1 contributor: fullname: A Bojang – volume: 89 start-page: 1282 year: 2005 ident: 359_CR177 publication-title: Br. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1136/bjo.2004.062489 contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – volume: 13 start-page: 556 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR274 publication-title: Parasit. Vectors doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04410-w contributor: fullname: EM Harding-Esch – volume: 94 start-page: 320 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR293 publication-title: Sex. Transm. Infect. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053161 contributor: fullname: NL Chandra – volume: 17 start-page: 982 year: 2004 ident: 359_CR110 publication-title: Clin. Microbiol. Rev. doi: 10.1128/CMR.17.4.982-1011.2004 contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 7 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR119 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: SE Burr – volume: 2015 start-page: CD004008 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR164 publication-title: Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. contributor: fullname: M Burton – volume: 41 start-page: 4074 year: 2000 ident: 359_CR195 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. contributor: fullname: RJ Bowman – ident: 359_CR121 – volume: 5 start-page: e1221 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR2 publication-title: Lancet Glob. Health doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30393-5 contributor: fullname: SR Flaxman – volume: 94 start-page: 28 year: 2000 ident: 359_CR70 publication-title: Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. doi: 10.1016/S0035-9203(00)90427-9 contributor: fullname: PM Emerson – volume: 3 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR76 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000462 contributor: fullname: M Gambhir – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR112 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 67 start-page: 71 year: 1989 ident: 359_CR59 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. contributor: fullname: S West – volume: 13 start-page: 215 year: 2021 ident: 359_CR250 publication-title: Int. Health doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihab011 contributor: fullname: T Gebre – volume: 88 start-page: e00629-19 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR105 publication-title: Infect. Immun. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00629-19 contributor: fullname: T Derrick – volume: 11 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR200 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005402 contributor: fullname: PM Emerson – volume: 11 start-page: 613 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR154 publication-title: Int. Health doi: 10.1093/inthealth/ihz035 contributor: fullname: BM Snyder – volume: 79 start-page: 8 year: 2001 ident: 359_CR129 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. contributor: fullname: AW Solomon – volume: 17 start-page: 100202 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR171 publication-title: EClinicalMedicine doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2019.10.015 contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 44 start-page: 4215 year: 2003 ident: 359_CR54 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.03-0107 contributor: fullname: MJ Burton – volume: 50 start-page: 592 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR87 publication-title: Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-2414 contributor: fullname: MA Wolle – volume: 214 start-page: 143 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR266 publication-title: Am. J. Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1016/j.ajo.2020.02.019 contributor: fullname: TM Lietman – volume: 51 start-page: 2195 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR145 publication-title: J. Clin. Microbiol. doi: 10.1128/JCM.00622-13 contributor: fullname: CH Roberts – volume: 373 start-page: 1111 year: 2009 ident: 359_CR267 publication-title: Lancet doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)60323-8 contributor: fullname: JI House – volume: 26 start-page: 1 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR269 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1080/09286586.2017.1293693 contributor: fullname: N Wilson – volume: 27 start-page: 1220 year: 2017 ident: 359_CR5 publication-title: Genome Res. doi: 10.1101/gr.212647.116 contributor: fullname: J Hadfield – ident: 359_CR204 – volume: 14 year: 2019 ident: 359_CR258 publication-title: PLoS ONE contributor: fullname: MC Kim – ident: 359_CR288 – volume: 9 year: 2015 ident: 359_CR11 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: E Habtamu – volume: 8 start-page: 145 year: 2001 ident: 359_CR14 publication-title: Ophthalmic Epidemiol. doi: 10.1076/opep.8.2.145.4169 contributor: fullname: A Hoechsmann – volume: 99 start-page: 77 year: 1997 ident: 359_CR100 publication-title: J. Clin. Invest. doi: 10.1172/JCI119136 contributor: fullname: SJ Rasmussen – ident: 359_CR127 – volume: 7 start-page: 717 year: 1985 ident: 359_CR4 publication-title: Rev. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1093/clinids/7.6.717 contributor: fullname: JT Grayston – volume: 14 start-page: 385 year: 2016 ident: 359_CR40 publication-title: Nat. Rev. Microbiol. doi: 10.1038/nrmicro.2016.30 contributor: fullname: C Elwell – volume: 96 start-page: 723 year: 2018 ident: 359_CR234 publication-title: Bull. World Health Organ. doi: 10.2471/BLT.18.212514 contributor: fullname: S Dodson – volume: 14 year: 2020 ident: 359_CR75 publication-title: PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. contributor: fullname: B Versteeg – volume: 201 start-page: S114 year: 2010 ident: 359_CR101 publication-title: J. Infect. Dis. doi: 10.1086/652397 contributor: fullname: T Darville – volume: 131 start-page: 294 year: 2013 ident: 359_CR175 publication-title: JAMA Ophthalmol. doi: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2013.910 contributor: fullname: EW Gower |
SSID | ssj0001586986 |
Score | 2.512486 |
SecondaryResourceType | review_article |
Snippet | Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of
Chlamydia trachomatis.
It can result in blindness.... Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with conjunctival strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. It can result in blindness.... |
SourceID | proquest crossref pubmed springer |
SourceType | Aggregation Database Index Database Publisher |
StartPage | 32 |
SubjectTerms | 692/699/255/1318 692/699/3161 692/699/3161/3166 692/699/3161/3178 Blindness - etiology Cancer Research Child Chlamydia Chlamydia trachomatis Epidemiology Gonorrhea - complications Humans Infections Internal Medicine Medical Microbiology Medicine Medicine & Public Health Primer Public health Quality of Life Research Trachoma - complications Trachoma - epidemiology Trachoma - prevention & control Trichiasis - complications Trichiasis - etiology |
Title | Trachoma |
URI | https://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41572-022-00359-5 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35618795 https://www.proquest.com/docview/2669793667 |
Volume | 8 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3dS8MwED90AxFE5vyqztEHHxQttmuSJk-isjEEx5AJewtpkj5uc5v_v5c2dcjQ10Ib8ruP3_UuuQO4ZkylxtAYTZwql7qhkcjiIiJ5ga7Q2CKvun2O2PCDvE7p1CfcVv5YZe0TS0dt5trlyB-QSATqEmPZ4-IzclOjXHXVj9DYhWbSQypHfc6m2SbHQjkTnPm7MnHKH1bIV1kvckfYy-Z1Ef3NR1tB5laBtOSdQQsOfcAYPlUSPoIdO2vD3psvibfhoEq8hdV9omNoIfu4ASgqvBm71v3L2xOYDPqTl2Hk5x5EmiRiHZmMW4WGQa1OckVEmqecGcI1UjNaoDGGqdhwlRUZUTqNjdCaI3XbAsM3RdJTaMzmM3sOoRVI4bnRROBzrRJeaKVy_OUhsXWBTQB39ebloupuIcuqdMplBZVEqGQJlaQBdGp8pNf0ldzIJYCzCrOfT6UYnLlh5gHc1yBuXvx7nYv_17mE_V4pQHc8rwON9fLLXmFksM67pfi70Hzuj8bv36Xhsss |
link.rule.ids | 314,780,784,12056,21388,27924,27925,31719,33744,43310,43805 |
linkProvider | ProQuest |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV3dS8MwED90AxVE5vyqTu2DD4qWdWuSpk-isjF1G0Mm7C2kSfq4zW3-_17a1CGir4U25Hcfv-tdcgdwxZiMtKYhmjiVNnVDgyQOs4CkGbpCbbK06PY5ZL138jKhE5dwW7pjlaVPzB21nimbI28ikSSoS4zF9_OPwE6NstVVN0JjE6q2czqtQPWxMxy9rbMslLOEM3dbJox4c4mMFbcDe4g9b18X0J-M9CvM_FUizZmnW4M9FzL6D4WM92HDTOuwNXBF8TrsFqk3v7hRdAA15B87AkX61yPbvH9xcwjjbmf81Avc5INAkVayCnTMjUTToEa1UkmSKI0404QrJGe0Qa01k6HmMs5iIlUU6kQpjuRtMgzgJImOoDKdTc0J-CZBEk-1Igk-V7LFMyVlij89JDQ2tPHgtty8mBf9LURel464KKASCJXIoRLUg0aJj3C6vhRryXhwXGD2_akIwzM7ztyDuxLE9Yt_r3P6_zqXsN0bD_qi_zx8PYOddi5Me1ivAZXV4tOcY5ywSi-cMnwBtv61hw |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Trachoma&rft.jtitle=Nature+reviews.+Disease+primers&rft.au=Solomon%2C+Anthony+W.&rft.au=Burton%2C+Matthew+J.&rft.au=Gower%2C+Emily+W.&rft.au=Harding-Esch%2C+Emma+M.&rft.date=2022-05-26&rft.issn=2056-676X&rft.eissn=2056-676X&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fs41572-022-00359-5&rft.externalDBID=n%2Fa&rft.externalDocID=10_1038_s41572_022_00359_5 |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2056-676X&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2056-676X&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2056-676X&client=summon |