Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols

[Display omitted] (Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of...

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Published inBiochemical pharmacology Vol. 139; pp. 24 - 39
Main Authors Williamson, Gary, Clifford, Michael N.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Inc 01.09.2017
Subjects
Animals
Bioavailability
Biological Availability
Biotransformation
Colon - metabolism
Colon - microbiology
Conjugation
Diet, Healthy
Dietary Supplements
Digestion
Drugs, Chinese Herbal - analysis
Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacokinetics
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Glucosides - metabolism
Humans
Hydrolysis
Hydroxylation
Intestinal Absorption
Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism
Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology
Intestine, Small - metabolism
Intestine, Small - microbiology
Methylation
Microbiota
Organ Specificity
Phenolic acids
Polyphenols
Polyphenols - blood
Polyphenols - metabolism
Polyphenols - pharmacokinetics
Prebiotics - administration & dosage
Prebiotics - adverse effects
Polyphenols
Microbiota
Bioavailability
Conjugation
Phenolic acids
Online AccessGet full text

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Abstract [Display omitted] (Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of the phenolic moiety and any attached chemical groups define whether the polyphenol is absorbed in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged. Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and/or urine, the exact pathways from substrate to final microbial catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation; it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites.
AbstractList [Display omitted] (Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of the phenolic moiety and any attached chemical groups define whether the polyphenol is absorbed in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged. Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and/or urine, the exact pathways from substrate to final microbial catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation; it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites.
(Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of the phenolic moiety and any attached chemical groups define whether the polyphenol is absorbed in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged. Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and/or urine, the exact pathways from substrate to final microbial catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation; it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites.(Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of the phenolic moiety and any attached chemical groups define whether the polyphenol is absorbed in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged. Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and/or urine, the exact pathways from substrate to final microbial catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation; it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites.
(Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological activities, absorption and metabolism of the most abundant compounds in humans are well understood. Both the chemical structure of the phenolic moiety and any attached chemical groups define whether the polyphenol is absorbed in the small intestine, or reaches the colon and is subject to extensive catabolism by colonic microbiota. Untransformed substrates may be absorbed, appearing in plasma primarily as methylated, sulfated and glucuronidated derivatives, with in some cases the unchanged substrate. Many of the catabolites are well absorbed from the colon and appear in the plasma either similarly conjugated, or as glycine conjugates, or in some cases unchanged. Although many (poly)phenol catabolites have been identified in human plasma and/or urine, the exact pathways from substrate to final microbial catabolite, and the species of bacteria and enzymes involved, are still scarcely reported. While it is clear that the composition of the human gut microbiota can be modulated in vivo by supplementation with some (poly)phenol-rich commodities, such modulation is definitely not an inevitable consequence of supplementation; it depends on the treatment, length of time and on the individual metabotype, and it is not clear whether the modulation is sustained when supplementation ceases. Some catabolites have been recorded in plasma of volunteers at concentrations similar to those shown to be effective in in vitro studies suggesting that some benefit may be achieved in vivo by diets yielding such catabolites.
Author Clifford, Michael N.
Williamson, Gary
Author_xml – sequence: 1
  givenname: Gary
  surname: Williamson
  fullname: Williamson, Gary
  email: g.williamson@leeds.ac.uk
  organization: School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
– sequence: 2
  givenname: Michael N.
  surname: Clifford
  fullname: Clifford, Michael N.
  organization: School of Bioscience and Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28322745$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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  doi: 10.1079/BJN20061809
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  start-page: 64
  year: 2014
  ident: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.012_b0395
  article-title: Separation and characterization of phenolic compounds from dry-blanched peanut skins by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
  publication-title: J. Chromatogr. A
  doi: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.027
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Snippet [Display omitted] (Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their...
(Poly)phenols are a large group of compounds, found in food, beverages, dietary supplements and herbal medicines. Owing to interest in their biological...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Bioavailability
Biological Availability
Biotransformation
Colon - metabolism
Colon - microbiology
Conjugation
Diet, Healthy
Dietary Supplements
Digestion
Drugs, Chinese Herbal - analysis
Drugs, Chinese Herbal - pharmacokinetics
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Glucosides - metabolism
Humans
Hydrolysis
Hydroxylation
Intestinal Absorption
Intestinal Mucosa - metabolism
Intestinal Mucosa - microbiology
Intestine, Small - metabolism
Intestine, Small - microbiology
Methylation
Microbiota
Organ Specificity
Phenolic acids
Polyphenols
Polyphenols - blood
Polyphenols - metabolism
Polyphenols - pharmacokinetics
Prebiotics - administration & dosage
Prebiotics - adverse effects
Title Role of the small intestine, colon and microbiota in determining the metabolic fate of polyphenols
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.012
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28322745
https://www.proquest.com/docview/1879666268
Volume 139
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