Oral fructose intake does not improve exercise, visual, or cognitive performance during acute normobaric hypoxia in healthy humans
The ability to metabolize fructose to bypass the glucose pathway in near-anaerobic conditions appears to contribute to the extreme hypoxia tolerance of the naked-mole rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that exogenous fructose could improve endurance capacity and cognitive performance in humans exposed...
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| Published in | Frontiers in nutrition (Lausanne) Vol. 10; p. 1170873 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Switzerland
Frontiers Media S.A
21.07.2023
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| Abstract | The ability to metabolize fructose to bypass the glucose pathway in near-anaerobic conditions appears to contribute to the extreme hypoxia tolerance of the naked-mole rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that exogenous fructose could improve endurance capacity and cognitive performance in humans exposed to hypoxia.
In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 26 healthy adults (9 women, 17 men; 28.8 ± 8.1 (SD) years) ingested 75 g fructose, 82.5 g glucose, or placebo during acute hypoxia exposure (13% oxygen in a normobaric hypoxia chamber, corresponding to oxygen partial pressure at altitude of ~3,800 m) on separate days. We measured exercise duration, heart rate, SpO
, blood gasses, and perceived exertion during a 30-min incremental load test followed by Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (FM-100) color vision testing and the unstable tracking task (UTT) to probe eye-hand coordination performance.
Exercise duration in hypoxia was 21.13 ± 0.29 (SEM) min on fructose, 21.35 ± 0.29 min on glucose, and 21.35 ± 0.29 min on placebo (
= 0.86). Heart rate responses and perceived exertion did not differ between treatments. Total error score (TES) during the FM-100 was 47.1 ± 8.0 on fructose, 45.6 ± 7.6 on glucose and 53.3 ± 9.6 on placebo (
= 0.35) and root mean square error (RMSE) during the UTT was 15.1 ± 1.0, 15.1 ± 1.0 and 15.3 ± 0.9 (
= 0.87).
We conclude that oral fructose intake in non-acclimatized healthy humans does not acutely improve exercise performance and cognitive performance during moderate hypoxia. Thus, hypoxia tolerance in naked mole-rats resulting from oxygen-conserving fructose utilization, cannot be easily reproduced in humans. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Introduction
The ability to metabolize fructose to bypass the glucose pathway in near-anaerobic conditions appears to contribute to the extreme hypoxia tolerance of the naked-mole rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that exogenous fructose could improve endurance capacity and cognitive performance in humans exposed to hypoxia.
Methods
In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 26 healthy adults (9 women, 17 men; 28.8 ± 8.1 (SD) years) ingested 75 g fructose, 82.5 g glucose, or placebo during acute hypoxia exposure (13% oxygen in a normobaric hypoxia chamber, corresponding to oxygen partial pressure at altitude of ~3,800 m) on separate days. We measured exercise duration, heart rate, SpO
2
, blood gasses, and perceived exertion during a 30-min incremental load test followed by Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (FM-100) color vision testing and the unstable tracking task (UTT) to probe eye-hand coordination performance.
Results
Exercise duration in hypoxia was 21.13 ± 0.29 (SEM) min on fructose, 21.35 ± 0.29 min on glucose, and 21.35 ± 0.29 min on placebo (
p
= 0.86). Heart rate responses and perceived exertion did not differ between treatments. Total error score (TES) during the FM-100 was 47.1 ± 8.0 on fructose, 45.6 ± 7.6 on glucose and 53.3 ± 9.6 on placebo (
p
= 0.35) and root mean square error (RMSE) during the UTT was 15.1 ± 1.0, 15.1 ± 1.0 and 15.3 ± 0.9 (
p
= 0.87).
Discussion
We conclude that oral fructose intake in non-acclimatized healthy humans does not acutely improve exercise performance and cognitive performance during moderate hypoxia. Thus, hypoxia tolerance in naked mole-rats resulting from oxygen-conserving fructose utilization, cannot be easily reproduced in humans. IntroductionThe ability to metabolize fructose to bypass the glucose pathway in near-anaerobic conditions appears to contribute to the extreme hypoxia tolerance of the naked-mole rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that exogenous fructose could improve endurance capacity and cognitive performance in humans exposed to hypoxia. MethodsIn a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 26 healthy adults (9 women, 17 men; 28.8 ± 8.1 (SD) years) ingested 75 g fructose, 82.5 g glucose, or placebo during acute hypoxia exposure (13% oxygen in a normobaric hypoxia chamber, corresponding to oxygen partial pressure at altitude of ~3,800 m) on separate days. We measured exercise duration, heart rate, SpO2, blood gasses, and perceived exertion during a 30-min incremental load test followed by Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (FM-100) color vision testing and the unstable tracking task (UTT) to probe eye-hand coordination performance. ResultsExercise duration in hypoxia was 21.13 ± 0.29 (SEM) min on fructose, 21.35 ± 0.29 min on glucose, and 21.35 ± 0.29 min on placebo (p = 0.86). Heart rate responses and perceived exertion did not differ between treatments. Total error score (TES) during the FM-100 was 47.1 ± 8.0 on fructose, 45.6 ± 7.6 on glucose and 53.3 ± 9.6 on placebo (p = 0.35) and root mean square error (RMSE) during the UTT was 15.1 ± 1.0, 15.1 ± 1.0 and 15.3 ± 0.9 (p = 0.87). DiscussionWe conclude that oral fructose intake in non-acclimatized healthy humans does not acutely improve exercise performance and cognitive performance during moderate hypoxia. Thus, hypoxia tolerance in naked mole-rats resulting from oxygen-conserving fructose utilization, cannot be easily reproduced in humans. The ability to metabolize fructose to bypass the glucose pathway in near-anaerobic conditions appears to contribute to the extreme hypoxia tolerance of the naked-mole rats. Therefore, we hypothesized that exogenous fructose could improve endurance capacity and cognitive performance in humans exposed to hypoxia. In a randomized, double-blind, crossover study, 26 healthy adults (9 women, 17 men; 28.8 ± 8.1 (SD) years) ingested 75 g fructose, 82.5 g glucose, or placebo during acute hypoxia exposure (13% oxygen in a normobaric hypoxia chamber, corresponding to oxygen partial pressure at altitude of ~3,800 m) on separate days. We measured exercise duration, heart rate, SpO , blood gasses, and perceived exertion during a 30-min incremental load test followed by Farnsworth-Munsell 100 Hue (FM-100) color vision testing and the unstable tracking task (UTT) to probe eye-hand coordination performance. Exercise duration in hypoxia was 21.13 ± 0.29 (SEM) min on fructose, 21.35 ± 0.29 min on glucose, and 21.35 ± 0.29 min on placebo ( = 0.86). Heart rate responses and perceived exertion did not differ between treatments. Total error score (TES) during the FM-100 was 47.1 ± 8.0 on fructose, 45.6 ± 7.6 on glucose and 53.3 ± 9.6 on placebo ( = 0.35) and root mean square error (RMSE) during the UTT was 15.1 ± 1.0, 15.1 ± 1.0 and 15.3 ± 0.9 ( = 0.87). We conclude that oral fructose intake in non-acclimatized healthy humans does not acutely improve exercise performance and cognitive performance during moderate hypoxia. Thus, hypoxia tolerance in naked mole-rats resulting from oxygen-conserving fructose utilization, cannot be easily reproduced in humans. |
| Author | Aeschbach, Daniel Haufe, Sven Pesta, Dominik Ewald, Ann C Tegtbur, Uwe Frings-Meuthen, Petra Peter, Andreas De Gioannis, Riccardo Post, Titiaan E Birkenfeld, Andreas L Weis, Henning Schmitz, Jan Jordan, Jens Denney, Cayla |
| AuthorAffiliation | 10 German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany 2 Centre for Human Drug Research (CHDR) , Leiden , Netherlands 13 Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn Medical Center , Bonn , Germany 11 Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany 1 Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR) , Cologne , Germany 4 Department III for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne , Germany 9 Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany 5 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany 14 Medical Faculty, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany 6 Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), Uni |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 2 Centre for Human Drug Research (CHDR) , Leiden , Netherlands – name: 4 Department III for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne , Cologne , Germany – name: 14 Medical Faculty, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany – name: 13 Institute of Experimental Epileptology and Cognition Research, University of Bonn Medical Center , Bonn , Germany – name: 1 Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR) , Cologne , Germany – name: 3 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany – name: 7 Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany – name: 11 Division of Diabetology, Endocrinology, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany – name: 6 Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (CEDP), University Hospital Cologne , Cologne , Germany – name: 5 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany – name: 10 German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD) , Neuherberg , Germany – name: 12 Clinic for Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany – name: 8 Department for Diagnostic Laboratory Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University Hospital Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany – name: 9 Institute for Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen , Tübingen , Germany |
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| Copyright | Copyright © 2023 Post, Schmitz, Denney, De Gioannis, Weis, Pesta, Peter, Birkenfeld, Haufe, Tegtbur, Frings-Meuthen, Ewald, Aeschbach and Jordan. Copyright © 2023 Post, Schmitz, Denney, De Gioannis, Weis, Pesta, Peter, Birkenfeld, Haufe, Tegtbur, Frings-Meuthen, Ewald, Aeschbach and Jordan. 2023 Post, Schmitz, Denney, De Gioannis, Weis, Pesta, Peter, Birkenfeld, Haufe, Tegtbur, Frings-Meuthen, Ewald, Aeschbach and Jordan |
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| Keywords | visual performance fructose exercise performance normobaric hypoxia cognitive performance |
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| Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Edited by: David Christopher Nieman, Appalachian State University, United States Reviewed by: Xavier Fioramonti, INRA UMR1286 Laboratoire NutriNeuro, France; Monserrath Felix, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Mexico ORCID: Dominik Pesta, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5089-3586 |
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| Title | Oral fructose intake does not improve exercise, visual, or cognitive performance during acute normobaric hypoxia in healthy humans |
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