Cognitive endophenotypes in OCD: A study of unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD
Impairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members. To compare the neuropsycholog...
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| Published in | Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry Vol. 33; no. 4; pp. 610 - 615 |
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| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Amsterdam
Elsevier Inc
15.06.2009
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0278-5846 1878-4216 1878-4216 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.02.018 |
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| Abstract | Impairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members.
To compare the neuropsychological performance in unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD with that of individually matched healthy controls.
Twenty-five unaffected siblings of OCD probands with familial OCD, and 25 individually matched healthy controls were assessed with tests of attention, executive function, memory and intelligence.
Unaffected siblings showed significant deficits in tests of decision making and behavioural reversal i.e., the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delayed Alternation Test (DAT) respectively, but performed adequately in other tests.
Our study suggests that the deficits in decision making and behavioural reversal could be potential endophenotypes in OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the orbitofrontal cortex. Future studies could couple cognitive and imaging strategies to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes in homogenous samples of OCD. |
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| AbstractList | Background Impairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members. Aim To compare the neuropsychological performance in unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD with that of individually matched healthy controls. Methods Twenty-five unaffected siblings of OCD probands with familial OCD, and 25 individually matched healthy controls were assessed with tests of attention, executive function, memory and intelligence. Results Unaffected siblings showed significant deficits in tests of decision making and behavioural reversal i.e., the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delayed Alternation Test (DAT) respectively, but performed adequately in other tests. Conclusions Our study suggests that the deficits in decision making and behavioural reversal could be potential endophenotypes in OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the orbitofrontal cortex. Future studies could couple cognitive and imaging strategies to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes in homogenous samples of OCD. Impairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members. To compare the neuropsychological performance in unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD with that of individually matched healthy controls. Twenty-five unaffected siblings of OCD probands with familial OCD, and 25 individually matched healthy controls were assessed with tests of attention, executive function, memory and intelligence. Unaffected siblings showed significant deficits in tests of decision making and behavioural reversal i.e., the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delayed Alternation Test (DAT) respectively, but performed adequately in other tests. Our study suggests that the deficits in decision making and behavioural reversal could be potential endophenotypes in OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the orbitofrontal cortex. Future studies could couple cognitive and imaging strategies to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes in homogenous samples of OCD. Impairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members.BACKGROUNDImpairments in executive functions and non-verbal memory are considered potential endophenotype markers of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). For the neuropsychological deficits to be considered endophenotypes, they should be demonstrable in unaffected family members.To compare the neuropsychological performance in unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD with that of individually matched healthy controls.AIMTo compare the neuropsychological performance in unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD with that of individually matched healthy controls.Twenty-five unaffected siblings of OCD probands with familial OCD, and 25 individually matched healthy controls were assessed with tests of attention, executive function, memory and intelligence.METHODSTwenty-five unaffected siblings of OCD probands with familial OCD, and 25 individually matched healthy controls were assessed with tests of attention, executive function, memory and intelligence.Unaffected siblings showed significant deficits in tests of decision making and behavioural reversal i.e., the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delayed Alternation Test (DAT) respectively, but performed adequately in other tests.RESULTSUnaffected siblings showed significant deficits in tests of decision making and behavioural reversal i.e., the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and the Delayed Alternation Test (DAT) respectively, but performed adequately in other tests.Our study suggests that the deficits in decision making and behavioural reversal could be potential endophenotypes in OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the orbitofrontal cortex. Future studies could couple cognitive and imaging strategies to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes in homogenous samples of OCD.CONCLUSIONSOur study suggests that the deficits in decision making and behavioural reversal could be potential endophenotypes in OCD. These deficits are consistent with the proposed neurobiological model of OCD involving the orbitofrontal cortex. Future studies could couple cognitive and imaging strategies to identify neurocognitive endophenotypes in homogenous samples of OCD. |
| Author | Janardhan Reddy, Y.C. Kandavel, Thennarasu Kumar, Keshav J. Chandrashekar, C.R. Viswanath, Biju |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Biju surname: Viswanath fullname: Viswanath, Biju – sequence: 2 givenname: Y.C. surname: Janardhan Reddy fullname: Janardhan Reddy, Y.C. email: ycjreddy@gmail.com, jreddy@nimhans.kar.nic.in – sequence: 3 givenname: Keshav J. surname: Kumar fullname: Kumar, Keshav J. – sequence: 4 givenname: Thennarasu surname: Kandavel fullname: Kandavel, Thennarasu – sequence: 5 givenname: C.R. surname: Chandrashekar fullname: Chandrashekar, C.R. |
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| SubjectTerms | Adolescent Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Anxiety disorders. Neuroses Attention - physiology Biological and medical sciences Cognition - physiology Cognitive endophenotype Family Health Female Humans Intelligence - genetics Male Medical sciences Memory - physiology Middle Aged Neuropharmacology Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychology Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - genetics Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - physiopathology Obsessive-compulsive disorders Obsessive–compulsive disorder Pharmacology. Drug treatments Phenotype Problem Solving - physiology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Retrospective Studies Siblings - psychology Unaffected relatives Young Adult |
| Title | Cognitive endophenotypes in OCD: A study of unaffected siblings of probands with familial OCD |
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