A randomized controlled double-blind investigation of the effects of vitamin D dietary supplementation in subjects with atopic dermatitis
Background Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In laboratory models, vitamin D can alter innate immunity by increasing AMP production. Objective To determine if AD severity correlates wi...
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| Published in | Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology Vol. 28; no. 6; pp. 781 - 789 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
01.06.2014
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Background
Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In laboratory models, vitamin D can alter innate immunity by increasing AMP production.
Objective
To determine if AD severity correlates with baseline vitamin D levels, and to test whether supplementation with oral vitamin D alters AMP production in AD skin.
Methods
This was a multi‐centre, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study in 30 subjects with AD, 30 non‐atopic subjects, and 16 subjects with psoriasis. Subjects were randomized to receive either 4000 IU of cholecalciferol or placebo for 21 days. At baseline and day 21, levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), cathelicidin, HBD‐3, IL‐13, and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Rajka‐Langeland scores were obtained.
Results
At baseline, 20% of AD subjects had serum 25OHD below 20 ng/mL. Low serum 25OHD correlated with increased Fitzpatrick Skin Type and elevated BMI, but not AD severity. After 21 days of oral cholecalciferol, mean serum 25OHD increased, but there was no significant change in skin cathelicidin, HBD‐3, IL‐13 or EASI scores.
Conclusions
This study illustrated that darker skin types and elevated BMI are important risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in subjects with AD, and highlighted the possibility that seasonality and locale may be potent contributors to cathelicidin induction through their effect on steady state 25OHD levels. Given the molecular links between vitamin D and immune function, further study of vitamin D supplementation in subjects with AD is warranted. |
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| AbstractList | Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In laboratory models, vitamin D can alter innate immunity by increasing AMP production.BACKGROUNDSubjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In laboratory models, vitamin D can alter innate immunity by increasing AMP production.To determine if AD severity correlates with baseline vitamin D levels, and to test whether supplementation with oral vitamin D alters AMP production in AD skin.OBJECTIVETo determine if AD severity correlates with baseline vitamin D levels, and to test whether supplementation with oral vitamin D alters AMP production in AD skin.This was a multi-centre, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in 30 subjects with AD, 30 non-atopic subjects, and 16 subjects with psoriasis. Subjects were randomized to receive either 4000 IU of cholecalciferol or placebo for 21 days. At baseline and day 21, levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), cathelicidin, HBD-3, IL-13, and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Rajka-Langeland scores were obtained.METHODSThis was a multi-centre, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in 30 subjects with AD, 30 non-atopic subjects, and 16 subjects with psoriasis. Subjects were randomized to receive either 4000 IU of cholecalciferol or placebo for 21 days. At baseline and day 21, levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), cathelicidin, HBD-3, IL-13, and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Rajka-Langeland scores were obtained.At baseline, 20% of AD subjects had serum 25OHD below 20 ng/mL. Low serum 25OHD correlated with increased Fitzpatrick Skin Type and elevated BMI, but not AD severity. After 21 days of oral cholecalciferol, mean serum 25OHD increased, but there was no significant change in skin cathelicidin, HBD-3, IL-13 or EASI scores.RESULTSAt baseline, 20% of AD subjects had serum 25OHD below 20 ng/mL. Low serum 25OHD correlated with increased Fitzpatrick Skin Type and elevated BMI, but not AD severity. After 21 days of oral cholecalciferol, mean serum 25OHD increased, but there was no significant change in skin cathelicidin, HBD-3, IL-13 or EASI scores.This study illustrated that darker skin types and elevated BMI are important risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in subjects with AD, and highlighted the possibility that seasonality and locale may be potent contributors to cathelicidin induction through their effect on steady state 25OHD levels. Given the molecular links between vitamin D and immune function, further study of vitamin D supplementation in subjects with AD is warranted.CONCLUSIONSThis study illustrated that darker skin types and elevated BMI are important risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in subjects with AD, and highlighted the possibility that seasonality and locale may be potent contributors to cathelicidin induction through their effect on steady state 25OHD levels. Given the molecular links between vitamin D and immune function, further study of vitamin D supplementation in subjects with AD is warranted. Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In laboratory models, vitamin D can alter innate immunity by increasing AMP production. To determine if AD severity correlates with baseline vitamin D levels, and to test whether supplementation with oral vitamin D alters AMP production in AD skin. This was a multi-centre, placebo-controlled, double-blind study in 30 subjects with AD, 30 non-atopic subjects, and 16 subjects with psoriasis. Subjects were randomized to receive either 4000 IU of cholecalciferol or placebo for 21 days. At baseline and day 21, levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), cathelicidin, HBD-3, IL-13, and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Rajka-Langeland scores were obtained. At baseline, 20% of AD subjects had serum 25OHD below 20 ng/mL. Low serum 25OHD correlated with increased Fitzpatrick Skin Type and elevated BMI, but not AD severity. After 21 days of oral cholecalciferol, mean serum 25OHD increased, but there was no significant change in skin cathelicidin, HBD-3, IL-13 or EASI scores. This study illustrated that darker skin types and elevated BMI are important risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in subjects with AD, and highlighted the possibility that seasonality and locale may be potent contributors to cathelicidin induction through their effect on steady state 25OHD levels. Given the molecular links between vitamin D and immune function, further study of vitamin D supplementation in subjects with AD is warranted. Background Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In laboratory models, vitamin D can alter innate immunity by increasing AMP production. Objective To determine if AD severity correlates with baseline vitamin D levels, and to test whether supplementation with oral vitamin D alters AMP production in AD skin. Methods This was a multi‐centre, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind study in 30 subjects with AD, 30 non‐atopic subjects, and 16 subjects with psoriasis. Subjects were randomized to receive either 4000 IU of cholecalciferol or placebo for 21 days. At baseline and day 21, levels of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), cathelicidin, HBD‐3, IL‐13, and Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) and Rajka‐Langeland scores were obtained. Results At baseline, 20% of AD subjects had serum 25OHD below 20 ng/mL. Low serum 25OHD correlated with increased Fitzpatrick Skin Type and elevated BMI, but not AD severity. After 21 days of oral cholecalciferol, mean serum 25OHD increased, but there was no significant change in skin cathelicidin, HBD‐3, IL‐13 or EASI scores. Conclusions This study illustrated that darker skin types and elevated BMI are important risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in subjects with AD, and highlighted the possibility that seasonality and locale may be potent contributors to cathelicidin induction through their effect on steady state 25OHD levels. Given the molecular links between vitamin D and immune function, further study of vitamin D supplementation in subjects with AD is warranted. |
| Author | Hanifin, J.M. Kabigting, F. Leung, D.Y.M. Hata, T.R. Alexandrescu, D. Kotol, P. Taylor, P. Boguniewicz, M. Aertker, L. Gallo, R.L. Audish, D. Kesler, K. Coda, A. Miller, J. |
| AuthorAffiliation | 4 Rho Inc, Chapel Hill, NC 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 3 Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 2 Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 4 Rho Inc, Chapel Hill, NC – name: 3 Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR – name: 1 Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, San Diego, CA – name: 2 Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: T.R. surname: Hata fullname: Hata, T.R. email: thata@ucsd.edu organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 2 givenname: D. surname: Audish fullname: Audish, D. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 3 givenname: P. surname: Kotol fullname: Kotol, P. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 4 givenname: A. surname: Coda fullname: Coda, A. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 5 givenname: F. surname: Kabigting fullname: Kabigting, F. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 6 givenname: J. surname: Miller fullname: Miller, J. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 7 givenname: D. surname: Alexandrescu fullname: Alexandrescu, D. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego – sequence: 8 givenname: M. surname: Boguniewicz fullname: Boguniewicz, M. organization: Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, National Jewish Health, CO, Denver – sequence: 9 givenname: P. surname: Taylor fullname: Taylor, P. organization: Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, National Jewish Health, CO, Denver – sequence: 10 givenname: L. surname: Aertker fullname: Aertker, L. organization: Rho Inc, NC, Chapel Hill, USA – sequence: 11 givenname: K. surname: Kesler fullname: Kesler, K. organization: Rho Inc, NC, Chapel Hill, USA – sequence: 12 givenname: J.M. surname: Hanifin fullname: Hanifin, J.M. organization: Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, OR, Portland – sequence: 13 givenname: D.Y.M. surname: Leung fullname: Leung, D.Y.M. organization: Division of Pediatric Allergy-Immunology, National Jewish Health, CO, Denver – sequence: 14 givenname: R.L. surname: Gallo fullname: Gallo, R.L. organization: Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego and VA Healthcare System, CA, San Diego |
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| Copyright | 2013 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology 2013 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. |
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BMI in obesity publication-title: Obesity (Silver Spring) – volume: 122 start-page: 1056 year: 2009 end-page: 1060 article-title: Adequacy of vitamin D replacement in severe deficiency is dependent on body mass index publication-title: Am J Med – volume: 125 start-page: 995 year: 2010 end-page: 1000 article-title: Decreased serum vitamin D levels in children with asthma are associated with increased corticosteroid use publication-title: J Allergy Clin Immunol – volume: 117 start-page: 803 year: 2007 end-page: 811 article-title: Injury enhances TLR2 function and antimicrobial peptide expression through a vitamin D‐dependent mechanism publication-title: J Clin Invest – volume: 4 start-page: 135ra166 year: 2012 article-title: PTH/PTHrP and Vitamin D Control Antimicrobial Peptide Expression and Susceptibility to Bacterial Skin Infection publication-title: Sci Transl Med – volume: 311 start-page: 1770 year: 2006 end-page: 1773 article-title: Toll‐like receptor triggering of a vitamin 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dermatitis: a clinical trial study publication-title: J Drugs Dermatol – ident: e_1_2_6_25_1 doi: 10.1038/oby.2010.11 – ident: e_1_2_6_29_1 doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003759 – ident: e_1_2_6_16_1 doi: 10.1007/s00403-010-1045-4 – ident: e_1_2_6_2_1 doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2008.04.002 – ident: e_1_2_6_24_1 doi: 10.3109/09546630903578566 – ident: e_1_2_6_19_1 doi: 10.1038/jid.2008.380 – ident: e_1_2_6_15_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01287.x – ident: e_1_2_6_9_1 doi: 10.1126/science.1123933 – ident: e_1_2_6_10_1 doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2704 – ident: e_1_2_6_11_1 doi: 10.1056/NEJMra070553 – ident: e_1_2_6_27_1 doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26594 – ident: e_1_2_6_28_1 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.08.020 – ident: e_1_2_6_20_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10147.x – ident: e_1_2_6_22_1 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08601.x – ident: e_1_2_6_18_1 doi: 10.1038/jid.2008.169 – ident: e_1_2_6_17_1 doi: 10.1038/sj.jid.5700624 – ident: e_1_2_6_13_1 doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.07.006 – ident: e_1_2_6_5_1 doi: 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Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of... Subjects with atopic dermatitis (AD) have defects in antimicrobial peptide (AMP) production possibly contributing to an increased risk of infections. In... |
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| SubjectTerms | Adult Cholecalciferol - therapeutic use Dermatitis, Atopic - blood Dermatitis, Atopic - drug therapy Dietary Supplements Double-Blind Method Female Humans Male Severity of Illness Index Vitamin D - analogs & derivatives Vitamin D - blood Vitamins - therapeutic use |
| Title | A randomized controlled double-blind investigation of the effects of vitamin D dietary supplementation in subjects with atopic dermatitis |
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