Anomalies of average symmetries: entanglement and open quantum systems

A bstract Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders, dissipation and decoherence. In many circumstances, symmetries are not exact but only on average. This work investigates the constraints on mixed...

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Published inThe journal of high energy physics Vol. 2024; no. 10; pp. 134 - 42
Main Authors Hsin, Po-Shen, Luo, Zhu-Xi, Sun, Hao-Yu
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 18.10.2024
Springer Nature B.V
SpringerOpen
Subjects
Anomalies
Classical and Quantum Gravitation
Commutation
Constraints
Density
Discrete Symmetries
Eigenvalues
Elementary Particles
Global Symmetries
Lower bounds
Many body problem
Phase transitions
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Quantum Field Theories
Quantum Field Theory
Quantum Physics
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Relativity Theory
String Theory
Symmetry
t Hooft and Polyakov loops
Topological States of Matter
Wilson
Discrete Symmetries
Global Symmetries
Wilson
t Hooft and Polyakov loops
Topological States of Matter
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Abstract A bstract Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders, dissipation and decoherence. In many circumstances, symmetries are not exact but only on average. This work investigates the constraints on mixed states resulting from non-commuting average symmetries. We will focus on the cases where the commutation relations of the average symmetry generators are violated by nontrivial phases, and call such average symmetry anomalous. We show that anomalous average symmetry implies degeneracy in the density matrix eigenvalues, and present several lattice examples with average symmetries, including XY chain, Heisenberg chain, and deformed toric code models. In certain cases, the results can be further extended to reduced density matrices, leading to a new lower bound on the entanglement entropy. We discuss several applications in the contexts of many body localization, quantum channels, entanglement phase transitions and also derive new constraints on the Lindbladian evolution of open quantum systems.
AbstractList Abstract Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders, dissipation and decoherence. In many circumstances, symmetries are not exact but only on average. This work investigates the constraints on mixed states resulting from non-commuting average symmetries. We will focus on the cases where the commutation relations of the average symmetry generators are violated by nontrivial phases, and call such average symmetry anomalous. We show that anomalous average symmetry implies degeneracy in the density matrix eigenvalues, and present several lattice examples with average symmetries, including XY chain, Heisenberg chain, and deformed toric code models. In certain cases, the results can be further extended to reduced density matrices, leading to a new lower bound on the entanglement entropy. We discuss several applications in the contexts of many body localization, quantum channels, entanglement phase transitions and also derive new constraints on the Lindbladian evolution of open quantum systems.
A bstract Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders, dissipation and decoherence. In many circumstances, symmetries are not exact but only on average. This work investigates the constraints on mixed states resulting from non-commuting average symmetries. We will focus on the cases where the commutation relations of the average symmetry generators are violated by nontrivial phases, and call such average symmetry anomalous. We show that anomalous average symmetry implies degeneracy in the density matrix eigenvalues, and present several lattice examples with average symmetries, including XY chain, Heisenberg chain, and deformed toric code models. In certain cases, the results can be further extended to reduced density matrices, leading to a new lower bound on the entanglement entropy. We discuss several applications in the contexts of many body localization, quantum channels, entanglement phase transitions and also derive new constraints on the Lindbladian evolution of open quantum systems.
Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders, dissipation and decoherence. In many circumstances, symmetries are not exact but only on average. This work investigates the constraints on mixed states resulting from non-commuting average symmetries. We will focus on the cases where the commutation relations of the average symmetry generators are violated by nontrivial phases, and call such average symmetry anomalous. We show that anomalous average symmetry implies degeneracy in the density matrix eigenvalues, and present several lattice examples with average symmetries, including XY chain, Heisenberg chain, and deformed toric code models. In certain cases, the results can be further extended to reduced density matrices, leading to a new lower bound on the entanglement entropy. We discuss several applications in the contexts of many body localization, quantum channels, entanglement phase transitions and also derive new constraints on the Lindbladian evolution of open quantum systems.
ArticleNumber 134
Author Hsin, Po-Shen
Luo, Zhu-Xi
Sun, Hao-Yu
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  organization: Weinberg Institute, Department of Physics, The University of Texas at Austin
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Snippet A bstract Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders,...
Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders, dissipation and...
Abstract Symmetries and their anomalies are powerful tools for understanding quantum systems. However, realistic systems are often subject to disorders,...
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SubjectTerms Anomalies
Classical and Quantum Gravitation
Commutation
Constraints
Density
Discrete Symmetries
Eigenvalues
Elementary Particles
Global Symmetries
Lower bounds
Many body problem
Phase transitions
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Quantum Field Theories
Quantum Field Theory
Quantum Physics
Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
Relativity Theory
String Theory
Symmetry
t Hooft and Polyakov loops
Topological States of Matter
Wilson
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Title Anomalies of average symmetries: entanglement and open quantum systems
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