Microstructure characterization of fine grains near hot-sheared surface formed during hot-stamping process
•Microstructure near the sheared surface formed during hot-stamping process is characterized.•Burnished part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite that has nano-hundred grain size.•Fractured part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite and bainite(or martensite) that has 1–2μm grain si...
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Published in | Journal of materials processing technology Vol. 229; pp. 570 - 581 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Elsevier B.V
01.03.2016
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Abstract | •Microstructure near the sheared surface formed during hot-stamping process is characterized.•Burnished part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite that has nano-hundred grain size.•Fractured part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite and bainite(or martensite) that has 1–2μm grain size.•These microstructures are transformed under the equivalent strain of over-100% during hot deformation.
Submicron crystallization suppresses hydrogen-induced delayed cracking on hot-sheared surfaces, which are formed during a hot-stamping process. To gain insights into the mechanism of this suppression, in this study, detailed microstructural characterization in the vicinity of the hot-sheared surface was performed. A hot-halfway-cut test, which consists of punch penetration into an austenitized hot specimen followed by water quenching, was conducted for this characterization. This test provided information about the microstructural evolution with respect to equivalent plastic strain by controlling punch penetration. Furthermore, the microstructural analyses were straightforward because this test did not involve the difficult complication of accounting for material fracture during the hot shearing. For this test, a finite element simulation was used to evaluate the strain distribution in the hot-deformed zone. Optical observations and hardness measurements clarified that at 750°C, the microstructure that covers the hot-sheared surface starts to transform when the equivalent plastic strain is greater than approximately 1.0. In addition, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction analysis, electron probe microanalysis, and transmission electron microscopy revealed the following microstructural details: In the vicinity of the burnished part of the hot-sheared surface, the microstructure is composed mostly of ferrite that contains banded carbides and has grain sizes on the order of 0.4–0.6μm, rather than bainite or martensite. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the fractured part, the microstructure is composed of ferrite and banded bainite, and has grain sizes on the order of 0.6–2μm. |
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AbstractList | Submicron crystallization suppresses hydrogen-induced delayed cracking on hot-sheared surfaces, which are formed during a hot-stamping process. To gain insights into the mechanism of this suppression, in this study, detailed microstructural characterization in the vicinity of the hot-sheared surface was performed. A hot-halfway-cut test, which consists of punch penetration into an austenitized hot specimen followed by water quenching, was conducted for this characterization. This test provided information about the microstructural evolution with respect to equivalent plastic strain by controlling punch penetration. Furthermore, the microstructural analyses were straightforward because this test did not involve the difficult complication of accounting for material fracture during the hot shearing. For this test, a finite element simulation was used to evaluate the strain distribution in the hot-deformed zone. Optical observations and hardness measurements clarified that at 750 degree C, the microstructure that covers the hot-sheared surface starts to transform when the equivalent plastic strain is greater than approximately 1.0. In addition, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction analysis, electron probe microanalysis, and transmission electron microscopy revealed the following microstructural details: In the vicinity of the burnished part of the hot-sheared surface, the microstructure is composed mostly of ferrite that contains banded carbides and has grain sizes on the order of 0.4-0.6 mu m, rather than bainite or martensite. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the fractured part, the microstructure is composed of ferrite and banded bainite, and has grain sizes on the order of 0.6-2 mu m. •Microstructure near the sheared surface formed during hot-stamping process is characterized.•Burnished part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite that has nano-hundred grain size.•Fractured part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite and bainite(or martensite) that has 1–2μm grain size.•These microstructures are transformed under the equivalent strain of over-100% during hot deformation. Submicron crystallization suppresses hydrogen-induced delayed cracking on hot-sheared surfaces, which are formed during a hot-stamping process. To gain insights into the mechanism of this suppression, in this study, detailed microstructural characterization in the vicinity of the hot-sheared surface was performed. A hot-halfway-cut test, which consists of punch penetration into an austenitized hot specimen followed by water quenching, was conducted for this characterization. This test provided information about the microstructural evolution with respect to equivalent plastic strain by controlling punch penetration. Furthermore, the microstructural analyses were straightforward because this test did not involve the difficult complication of accounting for material fracture during the hot shearing. For this test, a finite element simulation was used to evaluate the strain distribution in the hot-deformed zone. Optical observations and hardness measurements clarified that at 750°C, the microstructure that covers the hot-sheared surface starts to transform when the equivalent plastic strain is greater than approximately 1.0. In addition, scanning electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction analysis, electron probe microanalysis, and transmission electron microscopy revealed the following microstructural details: In the vicinity of the burnished part of the hot-sheared surface, the microstructure is composed mostly of ferrite that contains banded carbides and has grain sizes on the order of 0.4–0.6μm, rather than bainite or martensite. On the other hand, in the vicinity of the fractured part, the microstructure is composed of ferrite and banded bainite, and has grain sizes on the order of 0.6–2μm. |
Author | Matsuno, Takashi Sekito, Yoshihito Kawasaki, Kaoru |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.cirp.2012.03.124 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.10.006 10.1016/S0921-5093(00)01823-2 10.9773/sosei.51.680 10.1002/srin.201000008 10.1016/j.msea.2012.01.018 10.1016/j.matdes.2013.10.014 10.2355/isijinternational.54.2369 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.07.019 10.1007/BF03354553 10.1016/j.msea.2012.04.091 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.12.012 10.1016/j.ijmachtools.2014.10.008 10.1016/j.actamat.2006.09.043 10.1016/0924-0136(94)01373-9 |
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Snippet | •Microstructure near the sheared surface formed during hot-stamping process is characterized.•Burnished part of hot-sheared surface is composed of ferrite that... Submicron crystallization suppresses hydrogen-induced delayed cracking on hot-sheared surfaces, which are formed during a hot-stamping process. To gain... |
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SubjectTerms | 22MnB5 Bainite Equivalence Fine grain Fracture mechanics Grain size Hot-shearing Hot-stamping Large deformation Microstructure Penetration Plastic deformation Strain |
Title | Microstructure characterization of fine grains near hot-sheared surface formed during hot-stamping process |
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