Epidemiologic and Genomic Analysis of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Epidemic in the Nebraska Region of the United States, March 2020-2021
COVID-19 emerged at varying intervals in different regions of the United States in 2020. This report details the epidemiologic and genetic evolution of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first year of the epidemic in the state of Nebraska using data collected fro...
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Published in | Frontiers in microbiology Vol. 13; p. 878342 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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Abstract | COVID-19 emerged at varying intervals in different regions of the United States in 2020. This report details the epidemiologic and genetic evolution of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first year of the epidemic in the state of Nebraska using data collected from the Creighton Catholic Health Initiatives (CHI) health system. Statistical modelling identified age, gender, and previous history of diabetes and/or stroke as significant risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. In parallel, the viral genomes of over 1,000 samples were sequenced. The overall rate of viral variation in the population was 0.07 mutations/day. Genetically, the first 9 months of the outbreak, which include the initial outbreak, a small surge in August and a major outbreak in November 2020 were primarily characterized by B.1. lineage viruses. In early 2021, the United Kingdom variant (B.1.1.7 or alpha) quickly became the dominant variant. Notably, surveillance of non-consensus variants detected B.1.1.7 defining mutations months earlier in Fall 2020. This work provides insights into the regional variance and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the Nebraska region during the first year of the pandemic. |
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AbstractList | COVID-19 emerged at varying intervals in different regions of the United States in 2020. This report details the epidemiologic and genetic evolution of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the first year of the epidemic in the state of Nebraska using data collected from the Creighton Catholic Health Initiatives (CHI) health system. Statistical modelling identified age, gender, and previous history of diabetes and/or stroke as significant risk factors associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients. In parallel, the viral genomes of over 1,000 samples were sequenced. The overall rate of viral variation in the population was 0.07 mutations/day. Genetically, the first 9 months of the outbreak, which include the initial outbreak, a small surge in August and a major outbreak in November 2020 were primarily characterized by B.1. lineage viruses. In early 2021, the United Kingdom variant (B.1.1.7 or alpha) quickly became the dominant variant. Notably, surveillance of non-consensus variants detected B.1.1.7 defining mutations months earlier in Fall 2020. This work provides insights into the regional variance and evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in the Nebraska region during the first year of the pandemic. |
Author | Raine, Morgan A Goering, Richard V Watson, Cynthia J Cheng, Anne V Belshan, Michael Stessman, Holly A F Siedlik, Jacob A |
AuthorAffiliation | 3 Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha, NE , United States 1 Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University , Omaha, NE , United States 2 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha, NE , United States |
AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: 1 Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University , Omaha, NE , United States – name: 2 Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha, NE , United States – name: 3 Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha, NE , United States |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Jacob A surname: Siedlik fullname: Siedlik, Jacob A organization: Department of Exercise Science and Pre-Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 2 givenname: Cynthia J surname: Watson fullname: Watson, Cynthia J organization: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 3 givenname: Morgan A surname: Raine fullname: Raine, Morgan A organization: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 4 givenname: Anne V surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Anne V organization: Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 5 givenname: Richard V surname: Goering fullname: Goering, Richard V organization: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 6 givenname: Holly A F surname: Stessman fullname: Stessman, Holly A F organization: Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States – sequence: 7 givenname: Michael surname: Belshan fullname: Belshan, Michael organization: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, United States |
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Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.052 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.021 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8 10.1056/NEJMoa2001191 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp352 10.1038/s41586-020-2521-4 10.1038/s41586-020-2355-0 10.1080/22221751.2020.1719902 10.1126/science.abb9263 10.1371/journal.pone.0247676 10.1099/mgen.0.000589 10.1186/s13059-018-1618-7 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3 10.1038/nbt.1754 10.1016/j.cell.2021.08.014 10.1038/s41467-020-20688-x 10.1371/journal.pone.0248829 10.1371/journal.pone.0243602 10.1056/NEJMoa2001017 10.1093/bioinformatics/btp324 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000950 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.061 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104392 |
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Copyright | Copyright © 2022 Siedlik, Watson, Raine, Cheng, Goering, Stessman and Belshan. Copyright © 2022 Siedlik, Watson, Raine, Cheng, Goering, Stessman and Belshan. 2022 Siedlik, Watson, Raine, Cheng, Goering, Stessman and Belshan |
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Keywords | COVID-19 viral evolution epidemiology genetic variation SARS-CoV-2 sequencing |
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License | Copyright © 2022 Siedlik, Watson, Raine, Cheng, Goering, Stessman and Belshan. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
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Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 This article was submitted to Virology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Microbiology Edited by: Vasco Ariston De Carvalho Azevedo, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil Reviewed by: Patrícia Aline Gröhs Ferrareze, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA)|Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Brazil; Murali Bashyam, Center for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics (CDFD), India |
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Title | Epidemiologic and Genomic Analysis of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Epidemic in the Nebraska Region of the United States, March 2020-2021 |
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