Infectious complications and outcomes in children supported with left ventricular assist devices

Background Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence and patient outcomes related to infectious complications in pediatric patients on VAD support remain largely unknown. The aim of...

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Published inThe Journal of heart and lung transplantation Vol. 32; no. 5; pp. 518 - 524
Main Authors Cabrera, Antonio G., MD, Khan, Muhammad S., MD, Morales, David L.S., MD, Chen, Diane W., BS, Moffett, Brady S., PharmD, MPH, Price, Jack F., MD, Dreyer, William J., MD, Denfield, Susan W., MD, Jeewa, Aamir, MD, Fraser, Charles D., MD, Vallejo, Jesus G., MD
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Elsevier Inc 01.05.2013
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Abstract Background Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence and patient outcomes related to infectious complications in pediatric patients on VAD support remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of infection among pediatric VAD recipients and to characterize the microbiology, associated risk factors, and clinical outcome. Methods We conducted a retrospective record review of all patients undergoing VAD support for ≥2 weeks at Texas Children’s Hospital from June 1999 to December 2011. Infections were categorized as VAD-specific, VAD-related, or non–VAD-related using the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) definitions for VAD infections. Results Fifty-two VADs were implanted in 51 patients; of these, 35 patients (69%) had 92 infections while receiving VAD support. These included 10 VAD-specific infections, 23 VAD-related infections, and 59 non-VAD infections. The overall rate of VAD infections (specific + related) was 8/1,000 days of VAD support. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus , coagulase-negative staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. Of 8 deaths that occurred during VAD support, 3 (37.5%) were directly related to infections. Continuous-flow VAD ( p = 0.0427) and prior cardiac transplantation with rejection ( p = 0.0191) were significantly associated with development of VAD infections. Conclusions Infectious complications are common in pediatric patients undergoing VAD support. VAD infections do not prevent successful cardiac transplantation in children.
AbstractList Background Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence and patient outcomes related to infectious complications in pediatric patients on VAD support remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of infection among pediatric VAD recipients and to characterize the microbiology, associated risk factors, and clinical outcome. Methods We conducted a retrospective record review of all patients undergoing VAD support for ≥2 weeks at Texas Children’s Hospital from June 1999 to December 2011. Infections were categorized as VAD-specific, VAD-related, or non–VAD-related using the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) definitions for VAD infections. Results Fifty-two VADs were implanted in 51 patients; of these, 35 patients (69%) had 92 infections while receiving VAD support. These included 10 VAD-specific infections, 23 VAD-related infections, and 59 non-VAD infections. The overall rate of VAD infections (specific + related) was 8/1,000 days of VAD support. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus , coagulase-negative staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. Of 8 deaths that occurred during VAD support, 3 (37.5%) were directly related to infections. Continuous-flow VAD ( p = 0.0427) and prior cardiac transplantation with rejection ( p = 0.0191) were significantly associated with development of VAD infections. Conclusions Infectious complications are common in pediatric patients undergoing VAD support. VAD infections do not prevent successful cardiac transplantation in children.
Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence and patient outcomes related to infectious complications in pediatric patients on VAD support remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of infection among pediatric VAD recipients and to characterize the microbiology, associated risk factors, and clinical outcome. We conducted a retrospective record review of all patients undergoing VAD support for ≥2 weeks at Texas Children’s Hospital from June 1999 to December 2011. Infections were categorized as VAD-specific, VAD-related, or non–VAD-related using the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) definitions for VAD infections. Fifty-two VADs were implanted in 51 patients; of these, 35 patients (69%) had 92 infections while receiving VAD support. These included 10 VAD-specific infections, 23 VAD-related infections, and 59 non-VAD infections. The overall rate of VAD infections (specific + related) was 8/1,000 days of VAD support. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. Of 8 deaths that occurred during VAD support, 3 (37.5%) were directly related to infections. Continuous-flow VAD (p = 0.0427) and prior cardiac transplantation with rejection (p = 0.0191) were significantly associated with development of VAD infections. Infectious complications are common in pediatric patients undergoing VAD support. VAD infections do not prevent successful cardiac transplantation in children.
BACKGROUNDInfectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence and patient outcomes related to infectious complications in pediatric patients on VAD support remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of infection among pediatric VAD recipients and to characterize the microbiology, associated risk factors, and clinical outcome.METHODSWe conducted a retrospective record review of all patients undergoing VAD support for ≥2 weeks at Texas Children's Hospital from June 1999 to December 2011. Infections were categorized as VAD-specific, VAD-related, or non-VAD-related using the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) definitions for VAD infections.RESULTSFifty-two VADs were implanted in 51 patients; of these, 35 patients (69%) had 92 infections while receiving VAD support. These included 10 VAD-specific infections, 23 VAD-related infections, and 59 non-VAD infections. The overall rate of VAD infections (specific + related) was 8/1,000 days of VAD support. The most common pathogens were Staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. Of 8 deaths that occurred during VAD support, 3 (37.5%) were directly related to infections. Continuous-flow VAD (p = 0.0427) and prior cardiac transplantation with rejection (p = 0.0191) were significantly associated with development of VAD infections.CONCLUSIONSInfectious complications are common in pediatric patients undergoing VAD support. VAD infections do not prevent successful cardiac transplantation in children.
Author Khan, Muhammad S., MD
Moffett, Brady S., PharmD, MPH
Vallejo, Jesus G., MD
Cabrera, Antonio G., MD
Morales, David L.S., MD
Chen, Diane W., BS
Dreyer, William J., MD
Price, Jack F., MD
Jeewa, Aamir, MD
Fraser, Charles D., MD
Denfield, Susan W., MD
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BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23489988$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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Keywords ventricular assist device
continuous-flow device
pulsatile-flow device
nosocomial infection
pediatric
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Snippet Background Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs)....
Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence...
BACKGROUNDInfectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The...
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StartPage 518
SubjectTerms Adolescent
Candida - isolation & purification
Candidiasis - diagnosis
Candidiasis - epidemiology
Cardiomyopathies - therapy
Child
Child, Preschool
continuous-flow device
Female
Heart-Assist Devices - microbiology
Humans
Incidence
Infant
Male
Myocarditis - therapy
nosocomial infection
pediatric
Prognosis
Pseudomonas - isolation & purification
Pseudomonas Infections - diagnosis
Pseudomonas Infections - epidemiology
pulsatile-flow device
Regression Analysis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Staphylococcal Infections - diagnosis
Staphylococcal Infections - epidemiology
Staphylococcus - isolation & purification
Surgery
ventricular assist device
Title Infectious complications and outcomes in children supported with left ventricular assist devices
URI https://www.clinicalkey.es/playcontent/1-s2.0-S105324981301111X
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healun.2013.02.002
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23489988
https://search.proquest.com/docview/1326143192
Volume 32
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