Review of sampling hard-to-reach and hidden populations for HIV surveillance
Adequate surveillance of hard-to-reach and 'hidden' subpopulations is crucial to containing the HIV epidemic in low prevalence settings and in slowing the rate of transmission in high prevalence settings. For a variety of reasons, however, conventional facility and survey-based surveillanc...
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| Published in | AIDS (London) Vol. 19; no. Supplement 2; pp. S67 - S72 |
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| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
England
01.05.2005
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| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0269-9370 |
| DOI | 10.1097/01.aids.0000172879.20628.e1 |
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| Abstract | Adequate surveillance of hard-to-reach and 'hidden' subpopulations is crucial to containing the HIV epidemic in low prevalence settings and in slowing the rate of transmission in high prevalence settings. For a variety of reasons, however, conventional facility and survey-based surveillance data collection strategies are ineffective for a number of key subpopulations, particularly those whose behaviors are illegal or illicit. This paper critically reviews alternative sampling strategies for undertaking behavioral or biological surveillance surveys of such groups. Non-probability sampling approaches such as facility-based sentinel surveillance and snowball sampling are the simplest to carry out, but are subject to a high risk of sampling/selection bias. Most of the probability sampling methods considered are limited in that they are adequate only under certain circumstances and for some groups. One relatively new method, respondent-driven sampling, an adaptation of chain-referral sampling, appears to be the most promising for general applications. However, as its applicability to HIV surveillance in resource-poor settings has yet to be established, further field trials are needed before a firm conclusion can be reached. |
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| AbstractList | Adequate surveillance of hard-to-reach and 'hidden' subpopulations is crucial to containing the HIV epidemic in low prevalence settings and in slowing the rate of transmission in high prevalence settings. For a variety of reasons, however, conventional facility and survey-based surveillance data collection strategies are ineffective for a number of key subpopulations, particularly those whose behaviors are illegal or illicit. This paper critically reviews alternative sampling strategies for undertaking behavioral or biological surveillance surveys of such groups. Non-probability sampling approaches such as facility-based sentinel surveillance and snowball sampling are the simplest to carry out, but are subject to a high risk of sampling/selection bias. Most of the probability sampling methods considered are limited in that they are adequate only under certain circumstances and for some groups. One relatively new method, respondent-driven sampling, an adaptation of chain-referral sampling, appears to be the most promising for general applications. However, as its applicability to HIV surveillance in resource-poor settings has yet to be established, further field trials are needed before a firm conclusion can be reached.Adequate surveillance of hard-to-reach and 'hidden' subpopulations is crucial to containing the HIV epidemic in low prevalence settings and in slowing the rate of transmission in high prevalence settings. For a variety of reasons, however, conventional facility and survey-based surveillance data collection strategies are ineffective for a number of key subpopulations, particularly those whose behaviors are illegal or illicit. This paper critically reviews alternative sampling strategies for undertaking behavioral or biological surveillance surveys of such groups. Non-probability sampling approaches such as facility-based sentinel surveillance and snowball sampling are the simplest to carry out, but are subject to a high risk of sampling/selection bias. Most of the probability sampling methods considered are limited in that they are adequate only under certain circumstances and for some groups. One relatively new method, respondent-driven sampling, an adaptation of chain-referral sampling, appears to be the most promising for general applications. However, as its applicability to HIV surveillance in resource-poor settings has yet to be established, further field trials are needed before a firm conclusion can be reached. Adequate surveillance of hard-to-reach and `hidden' subpopulations is crucial to containing the HIV epidemic in low prevalence settings and in slowing the rate of transmission in high prevalence settings. For a variety of reasons, however, conventional facility and survey-based surveillance data collection strategies are ineffective for a number of key subpopulations, particularly those whose behaviors are illegal or illicit. This paper critically reviews alternative sampling strategies for undertaking behavioral or biological surveillance surveys of such groups. Non-probability sampling approaches such as facility-based sentinel surveillance and snowball sampling are the simplest to carry out, but are subject to a high risk of sampling/selection bias. Most of the probability sampling methods considered are limited in that they are adequate only under certain circumstances and for some groups. One relatively new method, respondent-driven sampling, an adaptation of chain-referral sampling, appears to be the most promising for general applications. However, as its applicability to HIV surveillance in resource-poor settings has yet to be established, further field trials are needed before a firm conclusion can be reached. |
| Author | Magnani, Robert Sabin, Keith Heckathorn, Douglas Saidel, Tobi |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Robert surname: Magnani fullname: Magnani, Robert – sequence: 2 givenname: Keith surname: Sabin fullname: Sabin, Keith – sequence: 3 givenname: Tobi surname: Saidel fullname: Saidel, Tobi – sequence: 4 givenname: Douglas surname: Heckathorn fullname: Heckathorn, Douglas |
| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15930843$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1097/00126334-200401010-00012 10.1111/j.0081-1750.2004.00152.x 10.2307/800824 10.1097/00126334-200306010-00023 10.1136/sti.78.3.169 10.1016/S0376-8716(02)00215-6 10.1590/S0034-89102002000500009 10.2307/3096941 10.1097/00002030-199112000-00014 10.1590/S0074-02761997000100009 10.1097/00126334-200302011-00002 10.1097/00002030-200201250-00015 10.1093/phr/116.S1.216 10.1006/pmed.2002.1010 10.1097/00002030-200104003-00001 10.1186/1471-2334-3-25 10.1097/00126334-200302011-00003 10.1097/00002030-199701000-00013 10.1093/jurban/jtg106 10.4102/curationis.v27i1.945 10.1525/sp.2002.49.1.11 10.1093/jurban/78.2.256 10.1023/A:1014528612685 10.1093/jurban/78.2.264 10.1097/00002030-199814000-00022 |
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