Sexual selection for spatial-learning ability
Sex differences in spatial learning have been thought to be universal among mammals, but their adaptive significance has been neglected. Spatial-learning skills are hypothesized to evolve in proportion to nagivational demands, and it is predicted that sex differences in spatial ability will evolve o...
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Published in | Animal behaviour Vol. 37; no. 2; pp. 322 - 331 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Kent
Elsevier Ltd
1989
Elsevier Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Ltd |
Subjects | |
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Abstract | Sex differences in spatial learning have been thought to be universal among mammals, but their adaptive significance has been neglected. Spatial-learning skills are hypothesized to evolve in proportion to nagivational demands, and it is predicted that sex differences in spatial ability will evolve only in species where range expansion contributes differentially to the reproductive success of males and females. This prediction was tested via field studies of ranging behaviour and laboratory studies of spatial ability in two congeneric rodent species whose mating systems differ. Radiotelemetric studies showed that, in a polygynous species (meadow voles,
Microtus pennsylvanicus), males expanded their ranges only during the breeding season and only when they attained full reproductive status. Females showed neither response. This suggests that range expansion was a male reproductive tactic. In contrast, a monogamous congener (prairie voles,
M. ochrogaster) showed no sex differences in ranging, regardless of reproductive status. This probably reflects the relative inability of monogamous males and females to benefit from increased exposure to members of the opposite sex. When subsequently tested in a series of seven symmetrical mazes, subjects from the field studies exhibited the predicted sex-by-species patterns of spatial ability: only meadow voles showed consistent male superiority on these spatial tasks. |
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AbstractList | A study investigated sex differences in spatial learning in two congeneric rodent species whose mating systems differ. Spatial-learning skills have been hypothesized to evolve in proportion to navigational demands and will evolve only in species where range expansion contributes differentially to the reproductive success of males and females. Sex differences in spatial learning have been thought to be universal among mammals, but their adaptive significance has been neglected. Spatial-learning skills are hypothesized to evolve in proportion to nagivational demands, and it is predicted that sex differences in spatial ability will evolve only in species where range expansion contributes differentially to the reproductive success of males and females. This prediction was tested via field studies of ranging behaviour and laboratory studies of spatial ability in two congeneric rodent species whose mating systems differ. Radiotelemetric studies showed that, in a polygynous species (meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus) males expanded their ranges only during the breeding season and only when they attained full reproductive status. Females showed neither response. This suggests that range expansion was a male reproductive tactic. In contrast, a monogamous congener (prairie voles, M. ochrogaster) showed no sex differences in ranging, regardless of reproductive status. This probably reflects the relative inability of monogamous males and females to benefit from increased exposure to members of the opposite sex. When subsequently tested in a series of seven symmetrical mazes, subjects from the field studies exhibited the predicted sex-by-species patterns of spatial ability: only meadow voles showed consistent male superiority on these spatial tasks. Sex differences in spatial learning have been thought to be universal among mammals, but their adaptive significance has been neglected. Spatial-learning skills are hypothesized to evolve in proportion to nagivational demands, and it is predicted that sex differences in spatial ability will evolve only in species where range expansion contributes differentially to the reproductive success of males and females. This prediction was tested via field studies of ranging behaviour and laboratory studies of spatial ability in two congeneric rodent species whose mating systems differ. Radiotelemetric studies showed that, in a polygynous species (meadow voles, Microtus pennsylvanicus), males expanded their ranges only during the breeding season and only when they attained full reproductive status. Females showed neither response. This suggests that range expansion was a male reproductive tactic. In contrast, a monogamous congener (prairie voles, M. ochrogaster) showed no sex differences in ranging, regardless of reproductive status. This probably reflects the relative inability of monogamous males and females to benefit from increased exposure to members of the opposite sex. When subsequently tested in a series of seven symmetrical mazes, subjects from the field studies exhibited the predicted sex-by-species patterns of spatial ability: only meadow voles showed consistent male superiority on these spatial tasks. Sex differences in spatial learning have been thought to be universal among mammals, but their adaptive significance has been neglected. Spatial-learning skills are hypothesized to evolve in proportion to navigational demands, and it is predicted that sex differences in spatial ability will evolve only in species where range expansion contributes differentially to the reproductive success of males and females. This prediction was tested via field studies of ranging behaviour and laboratory studies of spatial ability in two cogeneric rodent Microtus species whose mating systems differ. When tested in a series of seven symmetrical mazes, subjects from field studies exhibited the predicted sex-by-species patterns of spatial ability: only meadow voles showed consistent male superiority on these spatial tasks. |
Author | Fitzgerald, Randall W. Gaulin, Steven J.C. |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Steven J.C. surname: Gaulin fullname: Gaulin, Steven J.C. – sequence: 2 givenname: Randall W. surname: Fitzgerald fullname: Fitzgerald, Randall W. |
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Keywords | Learning Space Vertebrata Territory Mammalia Sexual selection Rodentia Sexual dimorphism |
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Snippet | Sex differences in spatial learning have been thought to be universal among mammals, but their adaptive significance has been neglected. Spatial-learning... A study investigated sex differences in spatial learning in two congeneric rodent species whose mating systems differ. Spatial-learning skills have been... |
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SubjectTerms | Animal ethology Animal reproduction Biological and medical sciences cage size Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology gender differences laboratory techniques Learning learning ability Mammalia mazes Microtus Microtus ochrogaster Microtus pennsylvanicus Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry ranges Rodents Sexes size Vertebrata |
Title | Sexual selection for spatial-learning ability |
URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-3472(89)90121-8 https://www.proquest.com/docview/224578097/abstract/ https://search.proquest.com/docview/15296840 |
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