Effects of temperature and soil moisture on gross nitrification and denitrification rates of a Chinese lowland paddy field soil

Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation is widely adopted to save water in rice production. AWD practice shifts lowland paddy fields from being continuously anaerobic to being alternately anaerobic and aerobic, thus affecting nitrogen (N) transformations in paddy field soils. Using the baromet...

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Published in	Paddy and water environment Vol. 16; no. 4; pp. 687 - 698
Main Authors	Tan, Xuezhi, Shao, Dongguo, Gu, Wenquan
Format	Journal Article
Language	English
Published	Tokyo Springer Japan 01.10.2018 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects	Agriculture Barometers Biomedical and Life Sciences Cores Crop production Denitrification Drying Ecotoxicology Geoecology/Natural Processes Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Life Sciences Moisture content Nitrification Nitrogen Oryza Profiles Rice fields Soil Soil conditions Soil layers Soil moisture Soil profiles Soil properties Soil Science & Conservation Soil temperature Soil water Soils Temperature effects Water content N nitrification N denitrification Soil moisture Paddy soils Soil temperature
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Abstract	Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation is widely adopted to save water in rice production. AWD practice shifts lowland paddy fields from being continuously anaerobic to being alternately anaerobic and aerobic, thus affecting nitrogen (N) transformations in paddy field soils. Using the barometric process separation technique, a large number of soil cores sampled from lowland paddy field soil profiles were measured for gross nitrification and denitrification rates under different temperature and soil moisture conditions. The gross nitrification and denitrification rates vary with rice growth stages and range between 1.18–30.8 and 0.65–13.54 mg N m −3 h −1 , respectively. Results indicate that both gross nitrification and denitrification rates increased with the increase in temperature in all three studied soil layers. Gross nitrification rates significantly decrease with increasing soil moisture while denitrification rates increase, and different soil layers demonstrated different rates of variation to the increase in soil moisture. Gross nitrification rates in the cultivated horizon layer decreased more sharply with the increase in soil moisture. High soil water content is favorable to denitrification of all soil layers.
AbstractList	Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation is widely adopted to save water in rice production. AWD practice shifts lowland paddy fields from being continuously anaerobic to being alternately anaerobic and aerobic, thus affecting nitrogen (N) transformations in paddy field soils. Using the barometric process separation technique, a large number of soil cores sampled from lowland paddy field soil profiles were measured for gross nitrification and denitrification rates under different temperature and soil moisture conditions. The gross nitrification and denitrification rates vary with rice growth stages and range between 1.18–30.8 and 0.65–13.54 mg N m −3 h −1 , respectively. Results indicate that both gross nitrification and denitrification rates increased with the increase in temperature in all three studied soil layers. Gross nitrification rates significantly decrease with increasing soil moisture while denitrification rates increase, and different soil layers demonstrated different rates of variation to the increase in soil moisture. Gross nitrification rates in the cultivated horizon layer decreased more sharply with the increase in soil moisture. High soil water content is favorable to denitrification of all soil layers. Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation is widely adopted to save water in rice production. AWD practice shifts lowland paddy fields from being continuously anaerobic to being alternately anaerobic and aerobic, thus affecting nitrogen (N) transformations in paddy field soils. Using the barometric process separation technique, a large number of soil cores sampled from lowland paddy field soil profiles were measured for gross nitrification and denitrification rates under different temperature and soil moisture conditions. The gross nitrification and denitrification rates vary with rice growth stages and range between 1.18–30.8 and 0.65–13.54 mg N m−3 h−1, respectively. Results indicate that both gross nitrification and denitrification rates increased with the increase in temperature in all three studied soil layers. Gross nitrification rates significantly decrease with increasing soil moisture while denitrification rates increase, and different soil layers demonstrated different rates of variation to the increase in soil moisture. Gross nitrification rates in the cultivated horizon layer decreased more sharply with the increase in soil moisture. High soil water content is favorable to denitrification of all soil layers.
Author	Tan, Xuezhi Shao, Dongguo Gu, Wenquan
Author_xml	– sequence: 1 givenname: Xuezhi orcidid: 0000-0001-5682-3477 surname: Tan fullname: Tan, Xuezhi email: tanxuezhi@mail.sysu.edu.cn organization: State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Department of Water Resources and Environment, Sun Yat-sen University – sequence: 2 givenname: Dongguo surname: Shao fullname: Shao, Dongguo organization: State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University – sequence: 3 givenname: Wenquan surname: Gu fullname: Gu, Wenquan organization: State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University
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Copyright	The International Society of Paddy and Water Environment Engineering and Springer Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2018 Paddy and Water Environment is a copyright of Springer, (2018). All Rights Reserved.
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Keywords	N nitrification N denitrification Soil moisture Paddy soils Soil temperature
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Snippet	Alternate wetting and drying (AWD) irrigation is widely adopted to save water in rice production. AWD practice shifts lowland paddy fields from being...
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SubjectTerms	Agriculture Barometers Biomedical and Life Sciences Cores Crop production Denitrification Drying Ecotoxicology Geoecology/Natural Processes Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Life Sciences Moisture content Nitrification Nitrogen Oryza Profiles Rice fields Soil Soil conditions Soil layers Soil moisture Soil profiles Soil properties Soil Science & Conservation Soil temperature Soil water Soils Temperature effects Water content
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Title	Effects of temperature and soil moisture on gross nitrification and denitrification rates of a Chinese lowland paddy field soil
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