On the development of a multifunction millimeter-wave sensor for displacement sensing and low-velocity measurement
A new multifunction millimeter-wave sensor operating at 35.6 GHz has been developed and demonstrated for measurement of displacement and low velocity. The sensor was realized using microwave integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Measured displacement results show unpreced...
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Published in | IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques Vol. 52; no. 11; pp. 2503 - 2512 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article Conference Proceeding |
Language | English |
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New York, NY
IEEE
01.11.2004
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
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Abstract | A new multifunction millimeter-wave sensor operating at 35.6 GHz has been developed and demonstrated for measurement of displacement and low velocity. The sensor was realized using microwave integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Measured displacement results show unprecedented resolution of only 10 /spl mu/m, which is approximately equivalent to /spl lambda//sub 0//840 in terms of free-space wavelength /spl lambda//sub 0/, and maximum error of only 27 /spl mu/m. A polynomial curve-fitting method was also developed for correcting the error. Results indicate that multiple reflections dominate the displacement measurement error. The sensor was able to measure speed as low as 27.7 mm/s, corresponding to 6.6 Hz in Doppler frequency, with an estimated velocity resolution of 2.7 mm/s. A digital quadrature mixer (DQM) was configured as a phase-detecting processor, employing a quadrature sampling signal-processing technique, to overcome the nonlinear phase response problem of a conventional analog quadrature mixer. The DQM also enables low Doppler frequency to be measured with high resolution. The Doppler frequency was determined by applying linear regression on the phase sampled within only fractions of the period of the Doppler frequency. Short-term stability of the microwave signal source was also considered to predict its effect on measurement accuracy. |
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AbstractList | A digital quadrature mixer (DQM) was configured as a phase-detecting processor, employing a quadrature sampling signal-processing technique, to overcome the nonlinear phase response problem of a conventional analog quadrature mixer. A new multifunction millimeter-wave sensor operating at 35.6 GHz has been developed and demonstrated for measurement of displacement and low velocity. The sensor was realized using microwave integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Measured displacement results show unprecedented resolution of only 10 /spl mu/m, which is approximately equivalent to /spl lambda//sub 0//840 in terms of free-space wavelength /spl lambda//sub 0/, and maximum error of only 27 /spl mu/m. A polynomial curve-fitting method was also developed for correcting the error. Results indicate that multiple reflections dominate the displacement measurement error. The sensor was able to measure speed as low as 27.7 mm/s, corresponding to 6.6 Hz in Doppler frequency, with an estimated velocity resolution of 2.7 mm/s. A digital quadrature mixer (DQM) was configured as a phase-detecting processor, employing a quadrature sampling signal-processing technique, to overcome the nonlinear phase response problem of a conventional analog quadrature mixer. The DQM also enables low Doppler frequency to be measured with high resolution. The Doppler frequency was determined by applying linear regression on the phase sampled within only fractions of the period of the Doppler frequency. Short-term stability of the microwave signal source was also considered to predict its effect on measurement accuracy. A new multifunction millimeter-wave sensor operating at 35.6 GHz has been developed and demonstrated for measurement of displacement and low velocity. The sensor was realized using microwave integrated circuits and monolithic microwave integrated circuits. Measured displacement results show unprecedented resolution of only 10 mum, which is approximately equivalent to /lambda//0//840 in terms of free-space wavelength /lambda//0/, and maximum error of only 27 mum. A polynomial curve-fitting method was also developed for correcting the error. Results indicate that multiple reflections dominate the displacement measurement error. The sensor was able to measure speed as low as 27.7 mm/s, corresponding to 6.6 Hz in Doppler frequency, with an estimated velocity resolution of 2.7 mm/s. A digital quadrature mixer (DQM) was configured as a phase-detecting processor, employing a quadrature sampling signal-processing technique, to overcome the nonlinear phase response problem of a conventional analog quadrature mixer. The DQM also enables low Doppler frequency to be measured with high resolution. The Doppler frequency was determined by applying linear regression on the phase sampled within only fractions of the period of the Doppler frequency. Short-term stability of the microwave signal source was also considered to predict its effect on measurement accuracy. |
Author | Seoktae Kim Cam Nguyen |
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References | ref34 ref12 ref37 ref15 ref14 ref33 ref11 doriese (ref9) 2002 ref2 ref17 ref38 ref16 ref19 ref18 franceschetti (ref10) 1999 kim (ref13) 2003; 51 golub (ref35) 1989 ref24 ref23 oppenheim (ref31) 1975 ref26 ref25 ref20 ghiglia (ref30) 1998 ref22 ref21 ref28 ref27 ref29 seber (ref32) 2003 ref7 ref4 ref6 ref5 robins (ref36) 1998 thompson (ref8) 1986 musil (ref1) 1986 heald (ref3) 1965 |
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Snippet | A new multifunction millimeter-wave sensor operating at 35.6 GHz has been developed and demonstrated for measurement of displacement and low velocity. The... A digital quadrature mixer (DQM) was configured as a phase-detecting processor, employing a quadrature sampling signal-processing technique, to overcome the... |
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SubjectTerms | Applied sciences Circuit properties Displacement measurement Electric, optical and optoelectronic circuits Electronics Exact sciences and technology Frequency General equipment and techniques Instruments, apparatus, components and techniques common to several branches of physics and astronomy Integrated circuit measurements Microwave circuits, microwave integrated circuits, microwave transmission lines, submillimeter wave circuits Microwave integrated circuits Millimeter wave integrated circuits Millimeter wave measurements Millimeter wave technology millimeter-wave sensor MMICs Physics radio interferometry Sensors (chemical, optical, electrical, movement, gas, etc.); remote sensing Studies Testing, measurement, noise and reliability Velocity measurement Wavelength measurement |
Title | On the development of a multifunction millimeter-wave sensor for displacement sensing and low-velocity measurement |
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