EMPIRE: An open-source model based on multi-horizon programming for energy transition analyses
Energy and power system models represent important insights on the technical operations of energy technologies that supply the energy consumption in time steps with hourly resolution. This paper presents the European Model for Power system Investments with Renewable Energy (EMPIRE) that combines sho...
Saved in:
| Published in | SoftwareX Vol. 17; p. 100877 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier B.V
01.01.2022
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
| Abstract | Energy and power system models represent important insights on the technical operations of energy technologies that supply the energy consumption in time steps with hourly resolution. This paper presents the European Model for Power system Investments with Renewable Energy (EMPIRE) that combines short-term operations with the representation of long-term planning decisions including infrastructure expansion. The EMPIRE model has an unique mathematical modelling structure based on multi-horizon stochastic programming, which means investment decisions are subject to short-term uncertainty represented by different realizations of operational scenarios. The model is open source and ready to use to analyse energy transition scenarios towards 2050 and beyond. This paper outlines the building blocks of the model and its software structure. We also present an illustrative example of results from using the software. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Energy and power system models represent important insights on the technical operations of energy technologies that supply the energy consumption in time steps with hourly resolution. This paper presents the European Model for Power system Investments with Renewable Energy (EMPIRE) that combines short-term operations with the representation of long-term planning decisions including infrastructure expansion. The EMPIRE model has an unique mathematical modelling structure based on multi-horizon stochastic programming, which means investment decisions are subject to short-term uncertainty represented by different realizations of operational scenarios. The model is open source and ready to use to analyse energy transition scenarios towards 2050 and beyond. This paper outlines the building blocks of the model and its software structure. We also present an illustrative example of results from using the software. |
| ArticleNumber | 100877 |
| Author | del Granado, Pedro Crespo Backe, Stian Skar, Christian Tomasgard, Asgeir Turgut, Ozgu |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Stian orcidid: 0000-0002-7330-772X surname: Backe fullname: Backe, Stian email: stian.backe@ntnu.no – sequence: 2 givenname: Christian surname: Skar fullname: Skar, Christian – sequence: 3 givenname: Pedro Crespo surname: del Granado fullname: del Granado, Pedro Crespo – sequence: 4 givenname: Ozgu surname: Turgut fullname: Turgut, Ozgu – sequence: 5 givenname: Asgeir surname: Tomasgard fullname: Tomasgard, Asgeir |
| BookMark | eNp9kN1qGzEQhUVxoUmaJ-iNXmAd_e1fIRfBuI0hISEktxWz0qwrsysZaV3qPn3luIWQC1_NzEHnoPOdk5kPHgn5wtmcM15dbeYp9NPvuWCCZ4U1df2BnAlZiqLmnM3e7J_IZUobxhgvRVMKdUZ-LO8fV0_Lr_TG07BFX6SwiwbpGCwOtIOElgZPx90wueJniO5PvrYxrCOMo_Nr2odI0WNc7-kUwSc3ufwCPAz7hOkz-djDkPDy37wgL9-Wz4vb4u7h-2pxc1cYxdVUlFB2QnSyrYysobIyC8gtSFFJ7Ju2N6Vs26YqETrWWZGlqgWlKmPybIy8IKtjrg2w0dvoRoh7HcDpVyHEtYY4OTOgrjgDy5VqFHYKGmzRdrJG2aDlpmWYs9pjlokhpYi9Nm6CQ61c0A2aM33grjf6lbs-cNdH7tkr33n__-W06_rowozol8Ook3HoDVoX0Uy5gzvp_wtsB6C3 |
| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1007_s10287_024_00508_z crossref_primary_10_1007_s10287_024_00509_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2024_12_031 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2024_130455 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2023_128090 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enconman_2023_117168 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_rser_2022_112246 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_simpa_2022_100367 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2023_121051 crossref_primary_10_1007_s43937_024_00033_9 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2023_122484 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2022_125654 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_124366 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_segan_2023_101198 crossref_primary_10_1109_TPWRS_2023_3304717 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2023_122501 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2022_125219 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2023_128282 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_energy_2025_134688 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enpol_2023_113921 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2024_11_436 crossref_primary_10_1002_pip_3659 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_enbuild_2022_112731 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_124130 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ejor_2024_01_016 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_ijhydene_2023_03_471 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_egyr_2024_05_067 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_jclepro_2023_140473 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2023_121045 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2022_119470 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_122695 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_softx_2022_101141 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_cor_2024_106665 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_apenergy_2024_124656 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_erss_2024_103496 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_softx_2024_101982 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_softx_2025_102059 |
| Cites_doi | 10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.060 10.5334/jors.188 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.04.048 10.1016/j.esr.2019.100410 10.1016/j.rser.2014.02.003 10.1016/j.esr.2018.01.003 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.023 10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105631 10.1145/800057.808695 10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106479 10.1002/etep.125 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118377 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.02.004 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117538 10.1016/j.esr.2018.06.009 10.1007/s10287-013-0182-6 10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.068 10.1016/j.softx.2019.100251 10.1016/j.jup.2016.02.006 10.3390/en12152976 |
| ContentType | Journal Article |
| Copyright | 2021 The Authors |
| Copyright_xml | – notice: 2021 The Authors |
| DBID | 6I. AAFTH AAYXX CITATION DOA |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877 |
| DatabaseName | ScienceDirect Open Access Titles Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access CrossRef DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
| DatabaseTitle | CrossRef |
| DatabaseTitleList | |
| Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website |
| DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
| Discipline | Computer Science |
| EISSN | 2352-7110 |
| ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_610ad14484eb4a8e9edb37e38ed1c90e 10_1016_j_softx_2021_100877 S2352711021001424 |
| GroupedDBID | 0R~ 0SF 457 5VS 6I. AACTN AAEDW AAFTH AALRI AAXUO ABMAC ACGFS ADBBV ADEZE AEXQZ AFTJW AGHFR AITUG ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS AMRAJ BCNDV EBS EJD FDB GROUPED_DOAJ IPNFZ IXB KQ8 M~E NCXOZ O9- OK1 RIG ROL SSZ AAYWO AAYXX ACVFH ADCNI ADVLN AEUPX AFJKZ AFPUW AIGII AKBMS AKRWK AKYEP APXCP CITATION |
| ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c414t-5a5b22b396c37a6d35a5e1da3263ef89fc5399865eab0bd2f8969a446cc69a8c3 |
| IEDL.DBID | DOA |
| ISSN | 2352-7110 |
| IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:31:27 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 02:31:34 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:10:31 EDT 2025 Wed May 17 01:22:59 EDT 2023 |
| IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
| IsOpenAccess | true |
| IsPeerReviewed | true |
| IsScholarly | true |
| Keywords | Power system planning software Energy systems modelling Multi-horizon representation Stochastic programming |
| Language | English |
| License | This is an open access article under the CC BY license. |
| LinkModel | DirectLink |
| MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c414t-5a5b22b396c37a6d35a5e1da3263ef89fc5399865eab0bd2f8969a446cc69a8c3 |
| ORCID | 0000-0002-7330-772X |
| OpenAccessLink | https://doaj.org/article/610ad14484eb4a8e9edb37e38ed1c90e |
| ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_610ad14484eb4a8e9edb37e38ed1c90e crossref_citationtrail_10_1016_j_softx_2021_100877 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_softx_2021_100877 elsevier_sciencedirect_doi_10_1016_j_softx_2021_100877 |
| ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
| PublicationCentury | 2000 |
| PublicationDate | January 2022 2022-01-00 2022-01-01 |
| PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2022-01-01 |
| PublicationDate_xml | – month: 01 year: 2022 text: January 2022 |
| PublicationDecade | 2020 |
| PublicationTitle | SoftwareX |
| PublicationYear | 2022 |
| Publisher | Elsevier B.V Elsevier |
| Publisher_xml | – name: Elsevier B.V – name: Elsevier |
| References | Marañón-Ledesma, Tomasgard (b13) 2019; 12 Backe, Ahang, Tomasgard (b34) 2021; 302 Johnston, Henriquez-Auba, Maluenda, Fripp (b4) 2019; 10 Skar, Jaehnert, Tomasgard, Midthun, Fodstad (b11) 2018 Swider, Weber (b6) 2007; 17 del Granado, Skar, Pedrero (b17) 2020 Antenucci, Crespo del Granado, Gjorgiev, Sansavini (b16) 2019; 26 Karmarkar (b26) 1984 Ringkjøb, Haugan, Seljom, Lind, Wagner, Mesfun (b32) 2020; 209 CPLEX, IBM ILOG (b24) 2009; 46 Holz, Scherwath, del Granado, Skar, Olmos, Ploussard (b18) 2021 Skar, Doorman, Tomasgard (b10) 2014 Backe, del Granado, Tomasgard, Pinel, Korpast, Lindberg (b14) 2018 Pfenninger, Staffell (b27) 2016; 114 Gurobi Optimization (b23) 2020 Capros, Kannavou, Evangelopoulou, Petropoulos, Siskos, Tasios (b31) 2018; 22 Backe, Korpås, Tomasgard (b15) 2021; 125 Reusswig, Braun, Heger, Ludewig, Eichenauer, Lass (b33) 2016; 41 Hart, Laird, Watson, Woodruff, Hackebeil, Nicholson (b22) 2017 Kaut, Midthun, Werner, Tomasgard, Hellemo, Fodstad (b8) 2014; 11 Seljom, Tomasgard (b5) 2015; 49 Hirth, Mühlenpfordt, Bulkeley (b29) 2018; 225 Bakken, Dalen, Graabak, Knudsen, Ruud, Warland (b9) 2014 Kotzur, Markewitz, Robinius, Stolten (b20) 2018; 213 del Granado, Skar, Doukas, Trachanas (b12) 2019 Staffell, Pfenninger (b28) 2016; 114 Brown, Hörsch, Schlachtberger (b2) 2018; 6 Backe (b7) 2020 European Commission (b30) 2018 Wiese, Bramstoft, Koduvere, Alonso, Balyk, Kirkerud (b1) 2018; 20 Pfenninger, Hawkes, Keirstead (b3) 2014; 33 FICO® Xpress Optimization (b25) 2017 Skar, Doorman, Tomasgard (b19) 2014 Skar (b21) 2016 Bakken (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b9) 2014 del Granado (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b12) 2019 Hart (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b22) 2017 Seljom (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b5) 2015; 49 Backe (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b34) 2021; 302 Backe (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b14) 2018 Skar (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b19) 2014 Swider (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b6) 2007; 17 Backe (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b15) 2021; 125 FICO® Xpress Optimization (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b25) 2017 Hirth (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b29) 2018; 225 Skar (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b21) 2016 Skar (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b11) 2018 Ringkjøb (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b32) 2020; 209 Johnston (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b4) 2019; 10 European Commission (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b30) 2018 Gurobi Optimization (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b23) 2020 Wiese (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b1) 2018; 20 Skar (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b10) 2014 Kotzur (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b20) 2018; 213 Brown (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b2) 2018; 6 Pfenninger (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b27) 2016; 114 Holz (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b18) 2021 Kaut (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b8) 2014; 11 Pfenninger (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b3) 2014; 33 Staffell (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b28) 2016; 114 Antenucci (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b16) 2019; 26 Reusswig (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b33) 2016; 41 Backe (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b7) 2020 Capros (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b31) 2018; 22 del Granado (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b17) 2020 CPLEX, IBM ILOG (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b24) 2009; 46 Karmarkar (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b26) 1984 Marañón-Ledesma (10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b13) 2019; 12 |
| References_xml | – volume: 213 start-page: 123 year: 2018 end-page: 135 ident: b20 article-title: Time series aggregation for energy system design: Modeling seasonal storage publication-title: Appl Energy – volume: 209 year: 2020 ident: b32 article-title: Short-term solar and wind variability in long-term energy system models-A European case study publication-title: Energy – year: 2020 ident: b7 article-title: OpenEMPIRE: Stochastic linear program for investments in the European power system – volume: 20 start-page: 26 year: 2018 end-page: 34 ident: b1 article-title: Balmorel open source energy system model publication-title: Energy Strategy Rev – year: 2021 ident: b18 article-title: A 2050 perspective on the role for carbon capture and storage in the European power system and industry sector publication-title: Energy Econ – volume: 17 start-page: 151 year: 2007 end-page: 172 ident: b6 article-title: The costs of wind’s intermittency in Germany: application of a stochastic electricity market model publication-title: Eur. Trans. Electr. Power – volume: 12 start-page: 2976 year: 2019 ident: b13 article-title: Analyzing demand response in a dynamic capacity expansion model for the European power market publication-title: Energies – start-page: 97 year: 2019 end-page: 122 ident: b12 article-title: Investments in the EU power system: a stress test analysis on the effectiveness of decarbonisation policies publication-title: Understanding risks and uncertainties in energy and climate policy – volume: 49 start-page: 157 year: 2015 end-page: 167 ident: b5 article-title: Short-term uncertainty in long-term energy system models—A case study of wind power in Denmark publication-title: Energy Econ – volume: 302 year: 2021 ident: b34 article-title: Stable stochastic capacity expansion with variable renewables: Comparing moment matching and stratified scenario generation sampling publication-title: Appl Energy – year: 2020 ident: b23 article-title: Gurobi optimizer reference manual – year: 2016 ident: b21 article-title: A multi-horizon stochastic programming model for the European power system – year: 2018 ident: b11 article-title: Norway’s role as a flexibility provider in a renewable Europe – volume: 11 start-page: 179 year: 2014 end-page: 193 ident: b8 article-title: Multi-horizon stochastic programming publication-title: Comput Manag Sci – volume: 114 start-page: 1251 year: 2016 end-page: 1265 ident: b27 article-title: Long-term patterns of European PV output using 30 years of validated hourly reanalysis and satellite data publication-title: Energy – volume: 10 year: 2019 ident: b4 article-title: Switch 2.0: a modern platform for planning high-renewable power systems publication-title: SoftwareX – year: 2018 ident: b30 article-title: A Clean Planet for all - A European strategic long-term vision for a prosperous, modern, competitive and climate neutral economy – year: 2014 ident: b9 article-title: Linking global and regional energy strategies (LinkS) publication-title: SINTEF Energi. Rapport – year: 2020 ident: b17 article-title: The role of transmission for renewable energy integration and clean exports – volume: 125 year: 2021 ident: b15 article-title: Heat and electric vehicle flexibility in the European power system: A case study of Norwegian energy communities publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst – year: 2017 ident: b22 article-title: Pyomo-optimization modeling in python – start-page: 318 year: 2014 end-page: 325 ident: b10 article-title: The future European power system under a climate policy regime publication-title: 2014 IEEE International Energy Conference – volume: 46 start-page: 157 year: 2009 ident: b24 article-title: V12. 1: User’s manual for CPLEX publication-title: Int Bus Mach Corp – start-page: 302 year: 1984 end-page: 311 ident: b26 article-title: A new polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming publication-title: Proceedings of the sixteenth annual ACM symposium on theory of computing – volume: 41 start-page: 214 year: 2016 end-page: 227 ident: b33 article-title: Against the wind: Local opposition to the German Energiewende publication-title: Util Policy – volume: 225 start-page: 1054 year: 2018 end-page: 1067 ident: b29 article-title: The ENTSO-E transparency platform – A review of Europe’s most ambitious electricity data platform publication-title: Appl Energy – volume: 22 start-page: 255 year: 2018 end-page: 263 ident: b31 article-title: Outlook of the EU energy system up to 2050: The case of scenarios prepared for European commission’s “clean energy for all Europeans” package using the PRIMES model publication-title: Energy Strategy Rev – volume: 6 year: 2018 ident: b2 article-title: PyPSA: Python for power system analysis publication-title: J Open Res Softw – start-page: 1 year: 2014 end-page: 7 ident: b19 article-title: Large-scale power system planning using enhanced benders decomposition publication-title: 2014 Power systems computation conference – year: 2017 ident: b25 article-title: Xpress-optimizer reference manual release 32.01 – start-page: 1 year: 2018 end-page: 6 ident: b14 article-title: Towards zero emission neighbourhoods: implications for the power system publication-title: 2018 15th International Conference on the European Energy Market – volume: 33 start-page: 74 year: 2014 end-page: 86 ident: b3 article-title: Energy systems modeling for twenty-first century energy challenges publication-title: Renew Sustain Energy Rev – volume: 114 start-page: 1224 year: 2016 end-page: 1239 ident: b28 article-title: Using bias-corrected reanalysis to simulate current and future wind power output publication-title: Energy – volume: 26 year: 2019 ident: b16 article-title: Can models for long-term decarbonization policies guarantee security of power supply? A perspective from gas and power sector coupling publication-title: Energy Strategy Rev – volume: 114 start-page: 1251 issn: 0360-5442 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b27 article-title: Long-term patterns of European PV output using 30 years of validated hourly reanalysis and satellite data publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.060 – volume: 6 issue: 1 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b2 article-title: PyPSA: Python for power system analysis publication-title: J Open Res Softw doi: 10.5334/jors.188 – volume: 225 start-page: 1054 issn: 0306-2619 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b29 article-title: The ENTSO-E transparency platform – A review of Europe’s most ambitious electricity data platform publication-title: Appl Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.04.048 – volume: 26 issn: 2211-467X year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b16 article-title: Can models for long-term decarbonization policies guarantee security of power supply? A perspective from gas and power sector coupling publication-title: Energy Strategy Rev doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2019.100410 – start-page: 1 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b19 article-title: Large-scale power system planning using enhanced benders decomposition – volume: 33 start-page: 74 issn: 1364-0321 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b3 article-title: Energy systems modeling for twenty-first century energy challenges publication-title: Renew Sustain Energy Rev doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.02.003 – year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b9 article-title: Linking global and regional energy strategies (LinkS) – year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b11 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b7 – volume: 20 start-page: 26 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b1 article-title: Balmorel open source energy system model publication-title: Energy Strategy Rev doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2018.01.003 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b17 – volume: 213 start-page: 123 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b20 article-title: Time series aggregation for energy system design: Modeling seasonal storage publication-title: Appl Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.01.023 – year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b21 – year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b25 – year: 2017 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b22 – year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b23 – volume: 46 start-page: 157 issue: 53 year: 2009 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b24 article-title: V12. 1: User’s manual for CPLEX publication-title: Int Bus Mach Corp – issn: 0140-9883 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b18 article-title: A 2050 perspective on the role for carbon capture and storage in the European power system and industry sector publication-title: Energy Econ doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105631 – start-page: 302 year: 1984 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b26 article-title: A new polynomial-time algorithm for linear programming doi: 10.1145/800057.808695 – volume: 125 issn: 0142-0615 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b15 article-title: Heat and electric vehicle flexibility in the European power system: A case study of Norwegian energy communities publication-title: Int J Electr Power Energy Syst doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2020.106479 – volume: 17 start-page: 151 issue: 2 year: 2007 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b6 article-title: The costs of wind’s intermittency in Germany: application of a stochastic electricity market model publication-title: Eur. Trans. Electr. Power doi: 10.1002/etep.125 – volume: 209 year: 2020 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b32 article-title: Short-term solar and wind variability in long-term energy system models-A European case study publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2020.118377 – volume: 49 start-page: 157 year: 2015 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b5 article-title: Short-term uncertainty in long-term energy system models—A case study of wind power in Denmark publication-title: Energy Econ doi: 10.1016/j.eneco.2015.02.004 – volume: 302 year: 2021 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b34 article-title: Stable stochastic capacity expansion with variable renewables: Comparing moment matching and stratified scenario generation sampling publication-title: Appl Energy doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2021.117538 – volume: 22 start-page: 255 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b31 article-title: Outlook of the EU energy system up to 2050: The case of scenarios prepared for European commission’s “clean energy for all Europeans” package using the PRIMES model publication-title: Energy Strategy Rev doi: 10.1016/j.esr.2018.06.009 – start-page: 1 year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b14 article-title: Towards zero emission neighbourhoods: implications for the power system – year: 2018 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b30 – start-page: 318 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b10 article-title: The future European power system under a climate policy regime – volume: 11 start-page: 179 issue: 1–2 year: 2014 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b8 article-title: Multi-horizon stochastic programming publication-title: Comput Manag Sci doi: 10.1007/s10287-013-0182-6 – volume: 114 start-page: 1224 issn: 0360-5442 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b28 article-title: Using bias-corrected reanalysis to simulate current and future wind power output publication-title: Energy doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.08.068 – volume: 10 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b4 article-title: Switch 2.0: a modern platform for planning high-renewable power systems publication-title: SoftwareX doi: 10.1016/j.softx.2019.100251 – volume: 41 start-page: 214 year: 2016 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b33 article-title: Against the wind: Local opposition to the German Energiewende publication-title: Util Policy doi: 10.1016/j.jup.2016.02.006 – start-page: 97 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b12 article-title: Investments in the EU power system: a stress test analysis on the effectiveness of decarbonisation policies – volume: 12 start-page: 2976 issue: 15 year: 2019 ident: 10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877_b13 article-title: Analyzing demand response in a dynamic capacity expansion model for the European power market publication-title: Energies doi: 10.3390/en12152976 |
| SSID | ssj0001528524 |
| Score | 2.4374914 |
| Snippet | Energy and power system models represent important insights on the technical operations of energy technologies that supply the energy consumption in time steps... |
| SourceID | doaj crossref elsevier |
| SourceType | Open Website Enrichment Source Index Database Publisher |
| StartPage | 100877 |
| SubjectTerms | Energy systems modelling Multi-horizon representation Power system planning software Stochastic programming |
| SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: ScienceDirect Free & Delayed Access Titles dbid: IXB link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9wwELYQJy5tgaJuW5APHLE2fsVOb4AWARII0SLtich2HNiKZtGySFV_PTOOw-PCoacoEzuJJs7MN9bMN4TsagEXlDYMQgfBVIgtqwRvWSiMV01onQxY4Hx2Xh5fqdOpnq6Qw6EWBtMqs-3vbXqy1lkyztoc389m458CsIPh2Joacb5ATlCpbCrimx687LNoYXXqbYvjGU4YyIdSmtcDWLu_ECcKjgkD1pg3Dirx-L_yU698z9En8iGDRrrfv9c6WYndBvk4NGSg-f_cJNeTs4uTy8kPut9RbIvF-q15mtrdUHRYDZ13NCURstv5YvYPznKG1h_wYRQQLI2pGpAu0YmlfC7qEnFJfPhMro4mvw6PWW6gwILiasm0014IL6sySOPKRoIg8sYBZJOxtVUbkJfWljo6X_hGgKisHASIIcDRBrlFVrt5F78Q6rTjRhruwEIqAAFWKekDF4UvlAlVOyJi0FodMrs4Nrm4q4c0st91UnWNqq57VY_I3vOk-55c4_3hB_g5nociM3YSzBc3dV4aNcBB10CUaFX0ytlYxcZLE6WNDQ9VEUekHD5m_Wahwa1m7z396_9O_EbWBNZMpH2b72R1uXiM24Bkln4nLdUn-cPxHA priority: 102 providerName: Elsevier |
| Title | EMPIRE: An open-source model based on multi-horizon programming for energy transition analyses |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2021.100877 https://doaj.org/article/610ad14484eb4a8e9edb37e38ed1c90e |
| Volume | 17 |
| hasFullText | 1 |
| inHoldings | 1 |
| isFullTextHit | |
| isPrint | |
| link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV3NS8MwFA_iyYvf4vwiB48G2yRtUm-bbGzCRMTBTpYkTXGinWwVxL_el7Qd9TIvXlqapk15ec3v98L7QOgyonCDR4KA6UAJNzYnCQ1zYgKheWZyxYwLcB7fx8MJv5tG01apL-cTVqUHrgR3DfCuMmD9klvNlbSJzTQTlkmbhSYJrFt9AfNaxlQVH0xl5CvaUmAYRADINSmHvHPXEta4L7AOaejcBKQQv2DJZ-9voVMLcQa7aLumirhbfeIe2rDFPtppyjDg-q88QM_98cPosX-DuwV2xbBItSGPfZEb7GAqw_MCe9dB8jJfzL7hqvbLegfkwsBbsfUxgLh00OW9uLDy6Urs8hBNBv2n2yGpyyYQw0NekkhFmlLNktgwoeKMQYMNMwVEjdlcJrlx2WhlHFmlA51RaIoTBWahMXCWhh2hzWJe2GOEVaRCwUSoYF3kAP2Sc6ZNSAMdcGGSvINoI7XU1DnFXWmLt7RxHntNvahTJ-q0EnUHXa0e-qhSaqzv3nPTserq8mH7BtCStNaS9C8t6aC4mcy0phYVZYBXzdaNfvIfo5-iLeqiJvzOzRnaLBef9hy4TKkvvNrCcTTt_QA1avJH |
| linkProvider | Directory of Open Access Journals |
| linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwnV1LT9wwELYoPbSX0qe60BYfONba-BU7vQFatAssqlqQ9lTLdhy6iGbRskgVv56x41C4cOgpipNJorEz8401Mx9CO5LBBSEVgdCBEeFDQypGG-IL5UTtG8t9LHCenpTjM3E4k7M1tN_XwsS0ymz7O5uerHUeGWZtDq_m8-FPBthB0UhNHXE-E8_Qc0ADKvI3TGZ7_zZaJNMykdtGARIl-u5DKc_rGszdXwgUGY0ZA1qpRx4qNfJ_4KgeOJ-D1-hVRo14t_uwN2gttG_RRs_IgPMP-g79Gk2_T36MvuHdFkdeLNLtzePEd4Ojx6rxosUpi5D8Xiznt3CWU7T-gBPDAGFxSOWAeBW9WErowjZ1LgnX79HZweh0f0wygwLxgooVkVY6xhyvSs-VLWsOA4HWFjAbD42uGh8b0-pSBusKVzMYKisLEaL3cNSef0Dr7aINHxG20lLFFbVgIgWgAC0Ed56ywhVC-aoZINZrzfjcXjyyXFyaPo_swiRVm6hq06l6gL7eC1113TWevn0vTsf9rbE1dhpYLM9NXhsG8KCtIUzUIjhhdahC7bgKXIea-qoIA1T2k2kerTR41Pypt2_-r-A2ejE-nR6b48nJ0RZ6yWIBRdrE-YTWV8ub8Blgzcp9Scv2Dh6J9Ds |
| openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=EMPIRE%3A+An+open-source+model+based+on+multi-horizon+programming+for+energy+transition+analyses&rft.jtitle=SoftwareX&rft.au=Stian+Backe&rft.au=Christian+Skar&rft.au=Pedro+Crespo+del+Granado&rft.au=Ozgu+Turgut&rft.date=2022-01-01&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.issn=2352-7110&rft.eissn=2352-7110&rft.volume=17&rft.spage=100877&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.softx.2021.100877&rft.externalDBID=DOA&rft.externalDocID=oai_doaj_org_article_610ad14484eb4a8e9edb37e38ed1c90e |
| thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2352-7110&client=summon |
| thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2352-7110&client=summon |
| thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2352-7110&client=summon |