Crowd intelligence in AI 2.0 era

• Published in: Frontiers of information technology & electronic engineering Vol. 18; no. 1; pp. 15 - 43
• Main Authors: Li, Wei, Wu, Wen-jun, Wang, Huai-min, Cheng, Xue-qi, Chen, Hua-jun, Zhou, Zhi-hua, Ding, Rong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hangzhou Zhejiang University Press 2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Algorithms; Artificial intelligence; Collaboration; Communications Engineering; Computer Hardware; Computer Science; Computer Systems Organization and Communication Networks; Computers; Crowdsourcing; Decision making; Economic development; Electrical Engineering; Electronics and Microelectronics; Instrumentation; Internet access; Logistics management; Management science; Networks; Open source software; Review; Sharing economy; Social psychology; Software development; Crowdsourcing; Artificial intelligence 2.0; Human computation; TP18; Crowd intelligence
• ISSN: 2095-9184; 2095-9230
• DOI: 10.1631/FITEE.1601859

The Internet based cyber-physical world has profoundly changed the information environment for the development of artificial intelligence（AI）, bringing a new wave of AI research and promoting it into the new era of AI 2.0. As one of the most prominent characteristics of research in AI 2.0 era, crowd intelligence has attracted much attention from both industry and research communities. Specifically, crowd intelligence provides a novel problem-solving paradigm through gathering the intelligence of crowds to address challenges. In particular, due to the rapid development of the sharing economy, crowd intelligence not only becomes a new approach to solving scientific challenges, but has also been integrated into all kinds of application scenarios in daily life, e.g., online-tooffline（O2O） application, real-time traffic monitoring, and logistics management. In this paper, we survey existing studies of crowd intelligence. First, we describe the concept of crowd intelligence, and explain its relationship to the existing related concepts, e.g., crowdsourcing and human computation. Then, we introduce four categories of representative crowd intelligence platforms. We summarize three core research problems and the state-of-the-art techniques of crowd intelligence. Finally, we discuss promising future research directions of crowd intelligence.