An observational study of aerosol and turbulence properties during dust storms in northwest China
Since late 2003, measurements of aerosol properties and meteorology have been made at three sites, Minqin, Jiuquan and Dunhuang, in the border areas of the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts in the northwest of China as part of an observational program for Asian Dust Storms (ADS). The aerosol observations...
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Published in | Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Vol. 117; no. D9 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Washington, DC
Blackwell Publishing Ltd
16.05.2012
American Geophysical Union |
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Abstract | Since late 2003, measurements of aerosol properties and meteorology have been made at three sites, Minqin, Jiuquan and Dunhuang, in the border areas of the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts in the northwest of China as part of an observational program for Asian Dust Storms (ADS). The aerosol observations include mass concentration and optical depth, and the meteorological observations include both mean and turbulent quantities. The data from a three‐year period (2004–2007) have been analyzed to characterize aerosol and meteorological conditions during dust storms. The results show that during ADS the aerosol mass concentration (PM10) can reach above 7∼8 mg m−3, 10∼100 times of that on clear days, and the scatter coefficient of fine particles (PM2.5) is 2000∼2500 10−6 m−1, 20∼25 times of the clear day values. There is a dramatic reduction in the visibility during dust storms with average visibility about 2 km, which is only 1/20∼1/30 of that on clear days. The aerodynamic roughness is 0.018 and 0.046 m for the Taklimakan and Gobi Deserts respectively, and the friction velocity is about 0.71 and 0.56 m s−1 during ADS periods, doubling the value found on quiescent days. Turbulence in the lower atmosphere is more intense during ADS period due mainly to increased vertical wind shear associated with strong winds. The large‐scale circulation patterns show that during the ADS conditions the Gobi Desert is typically in the path of cold air from high latitudes moving toward the south or southeast and the data suggest that there is a declining trend for dust storms during the past 5 decades.
Key Points
Asian sandstorms are very important phenomenon for Asia‐Pacific region
A field observation at the desert area is described
Some characteristics of sandstorms are presented |
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AbstractList | Since late 2003, measurements of aerosol properties and meteorology have been made at three sites, Minqin, Jiuquan and Dunhuang, in the border areas of the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts in the northwest of China as part of an observational program for Asian Dust Storms (ADS). The aerosol observations include mass concentration and optical depth, and the meteorological observations include both mean and turbulent quantities. The data from a three‐year period (2004–2007) have been analyzed to characterize aerosol and meteorological conditions during dust storms. The results show that during ADS the aerosol mass concentration (PM10) can reach above 7∼8 mg m−3, 10∼100 times of that on clear days, and the scatter coefficient of fine particles (PM2.5) is 2000∼2500 10−6 m−1, 20∼25 times of the clear day values. There is a dramatic reduction in the visibility during dust storms with average visibility about 2 km, which is only 1/20∼1/30 of that on clear days. The aerodynamic roughness is 0.018 and 0.046 m for the Taklimakan and Gobi Deserts respectively, and the friction velocity is about 0.71 and 0.56 m s−1 during ADS periods, doubling the value found on quiescent days. Turbulence in the lower atmosphere is more intense during ADS period due mainly to increased vertical wind shear associated with strong winds. The large‐scale circulation patterns show that during the ADS conditions the Gobi Desert is typically in the path of cold air from high latitudes moving toward the south or southeast and the data suggest that there is a declining trend for dust storms during the past 5 decades.
Key Points
Asian sandstorms are very important phenomenon for Asia‐Pacific region
A field observation at the desert area is described
Some characteristics of sandstorms are presented Since late 2003, measurements of aerosol properties and meteorology have been made at three sites, Minqin, Jiuquan and Dunhuang, in the border areas of the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts in the northwest of China as part of an observational program for Asian Dust Storms (ADS). The aerosol observations include mass concentration and optical depth, and the meteorological observations include both mean and turbulent quantities. The data from a three‐year period (2004–2007) have been analyzed to characterize aerosol and meteorological conditions during dust storms. The results show that during ADS the aerosol mass concentration (PM 10 ) can reach above 7∼8 mg m −3 , 10∼100 times of that on clear days, and the scatter coefficient of fine particles (PM 2.5 ) is 2000∼2500 10 −6 m −1 , 20∼25 times of the clear day values. There is a dramatic reduction in the visibility during dust storms with average visibility about 2 km, which is only 1/20∼1/30 of that on clear days. The aerodynamic roughness is 0.018 and 0.046 m for the Taklimakan and Gobi Deserts respectively, and the friction velocity is about 0.71 and 0.56 m s −1 during ADS periods, doubling the value found on quiescent days. Turbulence in the lower atmosphere is more intense during ADS period due mainly to increased vertical wind shear associated with strong winds. The large‐scale circulation patterns show that during the ADS conditions the Gobi Desert is typically in the path of cold air from high latitudes moving toward the south or southeast and the data suggest that there is a declining trend for dust storms during the past 5 decades. Key Points Asian sandstorms are very important phenomenon for Asia‐Pacific region A field observation at the desert area is described Some characteristics of sandstorms are presented Since late 2003, measurements of aerosol properties and meteorology have been made at three sites, Minqin, Jiuquan and Dunhuang, in the border areas of the Gobi and Taklimakan Deserts in the northwest of China as part of an observational program for Asian Dust Storms (ADS). The aerosol observations include mass concentration and optical depth, and the meteorological observations include both mean and turbulent quantities. The data from a three-year period (20042007) have been analyzed to characterize aerosol and meteorological conditions during dust storms. The results show that during ADS the aerosol mass concentration (PM10) can reach above 78 mg m3, 10100 times of that on clear days, and the scatter coefficient of fine particles (PM2.5) is 20002500 106 m1, 2025 times of the clear day values. There is a dramatic reduction in the visibility during dust storms with average visibility about 2 km, which is only 1/201/30 of that on clear days. The aerodynamic roughness is 0.018 and 0.046 m for the Taklimakan and Gobi Deserts respectively, and the friction velocity is about 0.71 and 0.56 m s1 during ADS periods, doubling the value found on quiescent days. Turbulence in the lower atmosphere is more intense during ADS period due mainly to increased vertical wind shear associated with strong winds. The large-scale circulation patterns show that during the ADS conditions the Gobi Desert is typically in the path of cold air from high latitudes moving toward the south or southeast and the data suggest that there is a declining trend for dust storms during the past 5 decades. |
Author | Song, Guangning Fu, Peijian Huang, Jianping Zhong, Shiyuan |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Peijian surname: Fu fullname: Fu, Peijian email: fupj@lzu.edu.cn, fupj@lzu.edu.cn organization: Key Laboratory of Arid and Semi-Arid Climate, Lanzhou University and Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 2 givenname: Shiyuan surname: Zhong fullname: Zhong, Shiyuan organization: Department of Geography and Center for Global Climate Change and Earth Observations, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA – sequence: 3 givenname: Jianping surname: Huang fullname: Huang, Jianping organization: Key Laboratory of Arid and Semi-Arid Climate, Lanzhou University and Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China – sequence: 4 givenname: Guangning surname: Song fullname: Song, Guangning organization: Key Laboratory of Arid and Semi-Arid Climate, Lanzhou University and Ministry of Education, Lanzhou, China |
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SubjectTerms | Aerosols air quality Atmosphere Atmospheric aerosols Atmospheric sciences Atmospheric turbulence Climate change Deserts Dust dust aerosol Dust storms Earth Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Exact sciences and technology Geophysics Observational studies Optical analysis Particulate matter turbulent characteristics Visibility wind blowing index Wind shear |
Title | An observational study of aerosol and turbulence properties during dust storms in northwest China |
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