From Friend to Enemy: Dissecting the Functional Alteration of Immunoregulatory Components during Pancreatic Tumorigenesis

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 8%. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed at an unresectable stage due to metastases or local extension. Immune system reactivation in patients by immunotherapy may eliminate tumor cells and is...

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 19; no. 11; p. 3584
Main Authors Wang, Hui-Ching, Hung, Wen-Chun, Chen, Li-Tzong, Pan, Mei-Ren
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 13.11.2018
MDPI
Subjects
Angiogenesis
Antibodies
Antigens
Apoptosis
B7-H1 Antigen - metabolism
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
Chemotherapy
CTLA-4 Antigen - metabolism
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Extracellular matrix
Fibroblasts
Humans
Hypoxia
Immunotherapy - methods
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism
Pancreatic Neoplasms - therapy
Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - metabolism
Review
Treatment resistance
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
PD-L1
pancreatic cancer
CTLA-4
PD-1
immunotherapy
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Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 8%. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed at an unresectable stage due to metastases or local extension. Immune system reactivation in patients by immunotherapy may eliminate tumor cells and is a new strategy for cancer treatment. The anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab and anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been approved for cancer therapy in different countries. However, the results of immunotherapy on PDAC are unsatisfactory. The low response rate may be due to poor immunogenicity with low tumor mutational burden in pancreatic cancer cells and desmoplasia that prevents the accumulation of immune cells in tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in PDAC is important in tumor progression and treatment resistance. Switching from an immune tolerance to immune activation status is crucial to overcome the inability of self-defense in cancer. Therefore, thoroughly elucidation of the roles of various immune-related factors, tumor microenvironment, and tumor cells in the development of PDAC may provide appropriate direction to target inflammatory pathway activation as a new therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating this cancer.
AbstractList Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 8%. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed at an unresectable stage due to metastases or local extension. Immune system reactivation in patients by immunotherapy may eliminate tumor cells and is a new strategy for cancer treatment. The anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab and anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been approved for cancer therapy in different countries. However, the results of immunotherapy on PDAC are unsatisfactory. The low response rate may be due to poor immunogenicity with low tumor mutational burden in pancreatic cancer cells and desmoplasia that prevents the accumulation of immune cells in tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in PDAC is important in tumor progression and treatment resistance. Switching from an immune tolerance to immune activation status is crucial to overcome the inability of self-defense in cancer. Therefore, thoroughly elucidation of the roles of various immune-related factors, tumor microenvironment, and tumor cells in the development of PDAC may provide appropriate direction to target inflammatory pathway activation as a new therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating this cancer.Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 8%. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed at an unresectable stage due to metastases or local extension. Immune system reactivation in patients by immunotherapy may eliminate tumor cells and is a new strategy for cancer treatment. The anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab and anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been approved for cancer therapy in different countries. However, the results of immunotherapy on PDAC are unsatisfactory. The low response rate may be due to poor immunogenicity with low tumor mutational burden in pancreatic cancer cells and desmoplasia that prevents the accumulation of immune cells in tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in PDAC is important in tumor progression and treatment resistance. Switching from an immune tolerance to immune activation status is crucial to overcome the inability of self-defense in cancer. Therefore, thoroughly elucidation of the roles of various immune-related factors, tumor microenvironment, and tumor cells in the development of PDAC may provide appropriate direction to target inflammatory pathway activation as a new therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating this cancer.
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 8%. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed at an unresectable stage due to metastases or local extension. Immune system reactivation in patients by immunotherapy may eliminate tumor cells and is a new strategy for cancer treatment. The anti-CTLA-4 antibody ipilimumab and anti-PD-1 antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab have been approved for cancer therapy in different countries. However, the results of immunotherapy on PDAC are unsatisfactory. The low response rate may be due to poor immunogenicity with low tumor mutational burden in pancreatic cancer cells and desmoplasia that prevents the accumulation of immune cells in tumors. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in PDAC is important in tumor progression and treatment resistance. Switching from an immune tolerance to immune activation status is crucial to overcome the inability of self-defense in cancer. Therefore, thoroughly elucidation of the roles of various immune-related factors, tumor microenvironment, and tumor cells in the development of PDAC may provide appropriate direction to target inflammatory pathway activation as a new therapeutic strategy for preventing and treating this cancer.
Author Wang, Hui-Ching
Chen, Li-Tzong
Hung, Wen-Chun
Pan, Mei-Ren
AuthorAffiliation 4 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
1 Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; u106801006@kmu.edu.tw
2 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
3 National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan; hung1228@nhri.org.tw (W.-C.H.); leochen@nhri.org.tw (L.-T.C.)
AuthorAffiliation_xml – name: 2 Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
– name: 1 Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; u106801006@kmu.edu.tw
– name: 3 National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan; hung1228@nhri.org.tw (W.-C.H.); leochen@nhri.org.tw (L.-T.C.)
– name: 4 Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan 704, Taiwan
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  surname: Hung
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  orcidid: 0000-0003-2039-7570
  surname: Pan
  fullname: Pan, Mei-Ren
BackLink https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30428588$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed
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pancreatic cancer
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immunotherapy
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Snippet Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 8%. More than 80% of patients are diagnosed at an...
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proquest
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StartPage 3584
SubjectTerms Angiogenesis
Antibodies
Antigens
Apoptosis
B7-H1 Antigen - metabolism
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
Chemotherapy
CTLA-4 Antigen - metabolism
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Extracellular matrix
Fibroblasts
Humans
Hypoxia
Immunotherapy - methods
Ligands
Lymphocytes
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Pancreatic cancer
Pancreatic Neoplasms - metabolism
Pancreatic Neoplasms - therapy
Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor - metabolism
Review
Treatment resistance
Tumorigenesis
Tumors
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Title From Friend to Enemy: Dissecting the Functional Alteration of Immunoregulatory Components during Pancreatic Tumorigenesis
URI https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30428588
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2582837938
https://www.proquest.com/docview/2133822289
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PMC6274888
Volume 19
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