UMP Kinase Regulates Chloroplast Development and Cold Response in Rice
Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we...
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| Published in | International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 20; no. 9; p. 2107 |
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| Abstract | Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a UMPK gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of UMPK reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including psaA, psbB, psbC and petB, was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, and rpl23, was elevated. The expression of UMPK was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice. |
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| AbstractList | Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a
gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of
reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including
,
,
and
, was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including
,
,
, and
, was elevated. The expression of
was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice. Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a UMPK gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of UMPK reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including psaA, psbB, psbC and petB, was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, and rpl23, was elevated. The expression of UMPK was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice. Genes encoding other enzymes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been isolated in other plant species, including carbamoylphosphate synthase, aspartate transcarbamoylase, UMP synthase, adenylate kinase, CTP synthase, nucleoside triphosphate phosphatase, apyrase, uridine kinase, uridine ribohydrolase, cytidine deaminase, and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19]. In the yl2 mutant, the transcription levels of genes required for chloroplast development were significantly elevated or unchanged. [...]the exact mechanism associated with the effects of mutation of the UMP kinase gene on chloroplast development remains to be explored. The phenotype and Chl contents of the mutant were restored to normal in the positive transgenic plants (Figure 1c, Figure S1d). [...]UMPK was the same gene as YGL8/YL2. 2.3. UDP is converted to UTP and then to CTP [1,2]. [...]contents of these pyrimidine nucleotides were measured in young leaves of the six-week-old WT and mutant plants. Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a UMPK gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of UMPK reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including psaA, psbB, psbC and petB, was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, and rpl23, was elevated. The expression of UMPK was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice.Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a UMPK gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of UMPK reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including psaA, psbB, psbC and petB, was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1, and rpl23, was elevated. The expression of UMPK was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice. Pyrimidine nucleotides are important metabolites that are building blocks of nucleic acids, which participate in various aspects of plant development. Only a few genes involved in pyrimidine metabolism have been identified in rice and the majority of their functions remain unclear. In this study, we used a map-based cloning strategy to isolate a UMPK gene in rice, encoding the UMP kinase that phosphorylates UMP to form UDP, from a recessive mutant with pale-green leaves. In the mutant, UDP content always decreased, while UTP content fluctuated with the development of leaves. Mutation of UMPK reduced chlorophyll contents and decreased photosynthetic capacity. In the mutant, transcription of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including psaA , psbB , psbC and petB , was significantly reduced, whereas transcription of nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase-dependent genes, including rpoA , rpoB , rpoC1 , and rpl23 , was elevated. The expression of UMPK was significantly induced by various stresses, including cold, heat, and drought. Increased sensitivity to cold stress was observed in the mutant, based on the survival rate and malondialdehyde content. High accumulation of hydrogen peroxide was found in the mutant, which was enhanced by cold treatment. Our results indicate that the UMP kinase gene plays important roles in regulating chloroplast development and stress response in rice. |
| Author | Zhou, Quan Chen, Dai-Bo Dong, Qing Wang, Hong Liu, Qun-En Cao, Li-Yong Zhang, Ying-Xin Cheng, Shi-Hua Shen, Xi-Hong |
| AuthorAffiliation | State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; dongqing66job@sina.com (Q.D.); zhangyingxin@caas.cn (Y.-X.Z.); stresszhou@163.com (Q.Z.); liuqunen202@163.com (Q.-E.L.); cdb840925@163.com (D.-B.C.); wjiyinh@126.com (H.W.); chengshihua@caas.cn (S.-H.C.) |
| AuthorAffiliation_xml | – name: State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; dongqing66job@sina.com (Q.D.); zhangyingxin@caas.cn (Y.-X.Z.); stresszhou@163.com (Q.Z.); liuqunen202@163.com (Q.-E.L.); cdb840925@163.com (D.-B.C.); wjiyinh@126.com (H.W.); chengshihua@caas.cn (S.-H.C.) |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Qing surname: Dong fullname: Dong, Qing – sequence: 2 givenname: Ying-Xin surname: Zhang fullname: Zhang, Ying-Xin – sequence: 3 givenname: Quan surname: Zhou fullname: Zhou, Quan – sequence: 4 givenname: Qun-En surname: Liu fullname: Liu, Qun-En – sequence: 5 givenname: Dai-Bo surname: Chen fullname: Chen, Dai-Bo – sequence: 6 givenname: Hong surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Hong – sequence: 7 givenname: Shi-Hua surname: Cheng fullname: Cheng, Shi-Hua – sequence: 8 givenname: Li-Yong surname: Cao fullname: Cao, Li-Yong – sequence: 9 givenname: Xi-Hong surname: Shen fullname: Shen, Xi-Hong |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1093_pcp_pcac022 crossref_primary_10_3390_toxins13050325 crossref_primary_10_1007_s44154_024_00175_9 crossref_primary_10_3390_life12081272 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_celrep_2021_109397 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_envexpbot_2021_104480 crossref_primary_10_1093_plcell_koae170 crossref_primary_10_1038_s41598_024_59695_z crossref_primary_10_3390_plants11020199 crossref_primary_10_3390_toxins12050310 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_plaphy_2022_09_005 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpls_2024_1426321 crossref_primary_10_3390_plants13212966 crossref_primary_10_3389_fpls_2023_1327246 |
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| Keywords | UMP kinase rice abiotic stress response chloroplast development |
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| SubjectTerms | Abiotic stress Chlorophyll Chloroplasts Cloning Conversion Dehydrogenases Enzymes Gene expression Genotype & phenotype Kinases Metabolism Metabolites Morphology Mutation Phosphorylation RNA polymerase |
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| Title | UMP Kinase Regulates Chloroplast Development and Cold Response in Rice |
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