Endovascular thrombectomy for childhood stroke (Save ChildS Pro): an international, multicentre, prospective registry study
Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy is beneficial for treatment of childhood stroke, but the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy has not been compared with best medical treatment. We aimed to prospectively analyse functional outcomes of endovascular thrombecto...
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Published in | The lancet child & adolescent health Vol. 8; no. 12; pp. 882 - 890 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
England
Elsevier Ltd
01.12.2024
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Abstract | Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy is beneficial for treatment of childhood stroke, but the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy has not been compared with best medical treatment. We aimed to prospectively analyse functional outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy versus best medical treatment in children with intracranial arterial occlusion stroke.
In this prospective registry study, 45 centres in 12 countries across Asia and Australia, Europe, North America, and South America reported functional outcomes for children aged between 28 days and 18 years presenting with arterial ischaemic stroke caused by a large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusion who received either endovascular thrombectomy plus best medical practice or best medical treatment alone. Intravenous thrombolysis was considered part of best medical treatment and therefore permitted in both groups. The primary outcome was the difference in median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score between baseline (pre-stroke) and 90 days (±10 days) post-stroke, assessed by the Wilcoxon rank test (α=0·05). Efficacy outcomes in the endovascular thrombectomy and best medical treatment groups were compared in sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching. The Save ChildS Pro study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Registry, DRKS00018960.
Between Jan 1, 2020, and Aug 31, 2023, of the 241 patients in the Save ChildS Pro registry, 208 were included in the analysis (115 [55%] boys and 93 [45%] girls). 117 patients underwent endovascular thrombectomy (median age 11 years [IQR 6–14]), and 91 patients received best medical treatment (6 years [3–12]; p<0·0001). The median Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score on admission was 14 (IQR 10–19) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 9 (5–13) in the best medical treatment group (p<0·0001). Both treatment groups had a median pre-stroke mRS score of 0 (IQR 0–0) at baseline. The change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0–2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1–3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·020). One (1%) patient developed a symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (this patient was in the endovascular thrombectomy group). Six (5%) patients in the endovascular thrombectomy group and four (5%) patients in the best medical treatment group had died by day 90 (p=0·89). After propensity score matching for age, sex, and PedNIHSS score at hospital admission (n=79 from each group), the change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0–2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1–3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·029). Regarding the primary outcome for patients with suspected focal cerebral arteriopathy, endovascular thrombectomy (n=18) and best medical treatment (n=33) showed no difference in 90-day median mRS scores (2 [IQR 1–3] vs 2 [1–4]; p=0·074).
Clinical centres tended to select children with more severe strokes (higher PedNIHSS score) for endovascular thrombectomy. Nevertheless, endovascular thrombectomy was associated with improved functional outcomes in paediatric patients with large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusions compared with best medical treatment. Future studies need to investigate whether the positive effect of endovascular thrombectomy is confined to older and more severely affected children.
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AbstractList | Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy is beneficial for treatment of childhood stroke, but the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy has not been compared with best medical treatment. We aimed to prospectively analyse functional outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy versus best medical treatment in children with intracranial arterial occlusion stroke.BACKGROUNDEmerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy is beneficial for treatment of childhood stroke, but the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy has not been compared with best medical treatment. We aimed to prospectively analyse functional outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy versus best medical treatment in children with intracranial arterial occlusion stroke.In this prospective registry study, 45 centres in 12 countries across Asia and Australia, Europe, North America, and South America reported functional outcomes for children aged between 28 days and 18 years presenting with arterial ischaemic stroke caused by a large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusion who received either endovascular thrombectomy plus best medical practice or best medical treatment alone. Intravenous thrombolysis was considered part of best medical treatment and therefore permitted in both groups. The primary outcome was the difference in median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score between baseline (pre-stroke) and 90 days (±10 days) post-stroke, assessed by the Wilcoxon rank test (α=0·05). Efficacy outcomes in the endovascular thrombectomy and best medical treatment groups were compared in sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching. The Save ChildS Pro study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Registry, DRKS00018960.METHODSIn this prospective registry study, 45 centres in 12 countries across Asia and Australia, Europe, North America, and South America reported functional outcomes for children aged between 28 days and 18 years presenting with arterial ischaemic stroke caused by a large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusion who received either endovascular thrombectomy plus best medical practice or best medical treatment alone. Intravenous thrombolysis was considered part of best medical treatment and therefore permitted in both groups. The primary outcome was the difference in median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score between baseline (pre-stroke) and 90 days (±10 days) post-stroke, assessed by the Wilcoxon rank test (α=0·05). Efficacy outcomes in the endovascular thrombectomy and best medical treatment groups were compared in sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching. The Save ChildS Pro study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Registry, DRKS00018960.Between Jan 1, 2020, and Aug 31, 2023, of the 241 patients in the Save ChildS Pro registry, 208 were included in the analysis (115 [55%] boys and 93 [45%] girls). 117 patients underwent endovascular thrombectomy (median age 11 years [IQR 6-14]), and 91 patients received best medical treatment (6 years [3-12]; p<0·0001). The median Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score on admission was 14 (IQR 10-19) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 9 (5-13) in the best medical treatment group (p<0·0001). Both treatment groups had a median pre-stroke mRS score of 0 (IQR 0-0) at baseline. The change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0-2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1-3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·020). One (1%) patient developed a symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (this patient was in the endovascular thrombectomy group). Six (5%) patients in the endovascular thrombectomy group and four (5%) patients in the best medical treatment group had died by day 90 (p=0·89). After propensity score matching for age, sex, and PedNIHSS score at hospital admission (n=79 from each group), the change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0-2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1-3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·029). Regarding the primary outcome for patients with suspected focal cerebral arteriopathy, endovascular thrombectomy (n=18) and best medical treatment (n=33) showed no difference in 90-day median mRS scores (2 [IQR 1-3] vs 2 [1-4]; p=0·074).FINDINGSBetween Jan 1, 2020, and Aug 31, 2023, of the 241 patients in the Save ChildS Pro registry, 208 were included in the analysis (115 [55%] boys and 93 [45%] girls). 117 patients underwent endovascular thrombectomy (median age 11 years [IQR 6-14]), and 91 patients received best medical treatment (6 years [3-12]; p<0·0001). The median Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score on admission was 14 (IQR 10-19) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 9 (5-13) in the best medical treatment group (p<0·0001). Both treatment groups had a median pre-stroke mRS score of 0 (IQR 0-0) at baseline. The change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0-2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1-3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·020). One (1%) patient developed a symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (this patient was in the endovascular thrombectomy group). Six (5%) patients in the endovascular thrombectomy group and four (5%) patients in the best medical treatment group had died by day 90 (p=0·89). After propensity score matching for age, sex, and PedNIHSS score at hospital admission (n=79 from each group), the change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0-2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1-3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·029). Regarding the primary outcome for patients with suspected focal cerebral arteriopathy, endovascular thrombectomy (n=18) and best medical treatment (n=33) showed no difference in 90-day median mRS scores (2 [IQR 1-3] vs 2 [1-4]; p=0·074).Clinical centres tended to select children with more severe strokes (higher PedNIHSS score) for endovascular thrombectomy. Nevertheless, endovascular thrombectomy was associated with improved functional outcomes in paediatric patients with large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusions compared with best medical treatment. Future studies need to investigate whether the positive effect of endovascular thrombectomy is confined to older and more severely affected children.INTERPRETATIONClinical centres tended to select children with more severe strokes (higher PedNIHSS score) for endovascular thrombectomy. Nevertheless, endovascular thrombectomy was associated with improved functional outcomes in paediatric patients with large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusions compared with best medical treatment. Future studies need to investigate whether the positive effect of endovascular thrombectomy is confined to older and more severely affected children.None.FUNDINGNone. Emerging evidence suggests that endovascular thrombectomy is beneficial for treatment of childhood stroke, but the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy has not been compared with best medical treatment. We aimed to prospectively analyse functional outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy versus best medical treatment in children with intracranial arterial occlusion stroke. In this prospective registry study, 45 centres in 12 countries across Asia and Australia, Europe, North America, and South America reported functional outcomes for children aged between 28 days and 18 years presenting with arterial ischaemic stroke caused by a large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusion who received either endovascular thrombectomy plus best medical practice or best medical treatment alone. Intravenous thrombolysis was considered part of best medical treatment and therefore permitted in both groups. The primary outcome was the difference in median modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score between baseline (pre-stroke) and 90 days (±10 days) post-stroke, assessed by the Wilcoxon rank test (α=0·05). Efficacy outcomes in the endovascular thrombectomy and best medical treatment groups were compared in sensitivity analyses using propensity score matching. The Save ChildS Pro study is registered at the German Clinical Trials Registry, DRKS00018960. Between Jan 1, 2020, and Aug 31, 2023, of the 241 patients in the Save ChildS Pro registry, 208 were included in the analysis (115 [55%] boys and 93 [45%] girls). 117 patients underwent endovascular thrombectomy (median age 11 years [IQR 6-14]), and 91 patients received best medical treatment (6 years [3-12]; p<0·0001). The median Pediatric National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (PedNIHSS) score on admission was 14 (IQR 10-19) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 9 (5-13) in the best medical treatment group (p<0·0001). Both treatment groups had a median pre-stroke mRS score of 0 (IQR 0-0) at baseline. The change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0-2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1-3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·020). One (1%) patient developed a symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage (this patient was in the endovascular thrombectomy group). Six (5%) patients in the endovascular thrombectomy group and four (5%) patients in the best medical treatment group had died by day 90 (p=0·89). After propensity score matching for age, sex, and PedNIHSS score at hospital admission (n=79 from each group), the change in median mRS score between baseline and 90 days was 1 (IQR 0-2) in the endovascular thrombectomy group and 2 (1-3) in the best medical treatment group (p=0·029). Regarding the primary outcome for patients with suspected focal cerebral arteriopathy, endovascular thrombectomy (n=18) and best medical treatment (n=33) showed no difference in 90-day median mRS scores (2 [IQR 1-3] vs 2 [1-4]; p=0·074). Clinical centres tended to select children with more severe strokes (higher PedNIHSS score) for endovascular thrombectomy. Nevertheless, endovascular thrombectomy was associated with improved functional outcomes in paediatric patients with large-vessel or medium-vessel occlusions compared with best medical treatment. Future studies need to investigate whether the positive effect of endovascular thrombectomy is confined to older and more severely affected children. None. |
Author | Fullerton, Heather J Wang, Furene Orlov, Kirill Grieb, Dominik Tomek, Ales Wendl, Christina Liebig, Thomas Möhlenbruch, Markus Abruzzo, Todd Gersing, Alexandra S Naggara, Olivier Lee, Sarah Psychogios, Marios-Nikos Lo, Warren Kleffner, Ilka Schob, Stefan Fox, Christine K Brechbühl, Daniel Limbucci, Nicola Parra-Farinas, Carmen Kraehling, Hermann Alawieh, Ali Jensen-Kondering, Ulf Regenhardt, Robert W Marik, Wolfgang Kaiser, Daniel P O Kauffmann, Birgit Musolino, Patricia Fraser, Stuart Chung, Melissa G Burkard, Tanja Chapot, René Pabst, Lisa Hafeez, Muhammad Ubaid Muthusami, Prakash Wilson, Jenny Schwabova, Jaroslava Paulasova Yilmaz, Umut Henkes, Hans Nguyen-Kim, Thi Dan Linh Martinez, Mesha Bhatia, Kartik Kuznetsova, Alexandra Dmytriw, Adam A Fiehler, Jens Papanagiotou, Panagiotis Requejo, Flavio Othman, Ahmed Steinmetz, Sebastian Schellinger, Peter D Hassan, Ameer E Kemmling, André Sporns, Peter B Olivieri, Martin Wildgruber, Moritz Boulouis, Grégoire Steinlin, Maja Sun, Lisa R Nikoubashman, Omid |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Peter B surname: Sporns fullname: Sporns, Peter B email: peter.sporns@hotmail.de organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland – sequence: 2 givenname: Kartik surname: Bhatia fullname: Bhatia, Kartik organization: Department of Medical Imaging, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia – sequence: 3 givenname: Todd surname: Abruzzo fullname: Abruzzo, Todd organization: Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA – sequence: 4 givenname: Lisa surname: Pabst fullname: Pabst, Lisa organization: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA – sequence: 5 givenname: Stuart surname: Fraser fullname: Fraser, Stuart organization: Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA – sequence: 6 givenname: Melissa G surname: Chung fullname: Chung, Melissa G organization: Division of Critical Care Medicine and Division of Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA – sequence: 7 givenname: Warren surname: Lo fullname: Lo, Warren organization: Department of Pediatrics and Department of Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA – sequence: 8 givenname: Ahmed surname: Othman fullname: Othman, Ahmed organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany – sequence: 9 givenname: Sebastian surname: Steinmetz fullname: Steinmetz, Sebastian organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany – sequence: 10 givenname: Ulf surname: Jensen-Kondering fullname: Jensen-Kondering, Ulf organization: Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany – sequence: 11 givenname: Stefan surname: Schob fullname: Schob, Stefan organization: Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Halle, Halle, Germany – sequence: 12 givenname: Daniel P O surname: Kaiser fullname: Kaiser, Daniel P O organization: Institute of Neuroradiology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany – sequence: 13 givenname: Wolfgang surname: Marik fullname: Marik, Wolfgang organization: Department of Neuroradiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria – sequence: 14 givenname: Christina surname: Wendl fullname: Wendl, Christina organization: Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany – sequence: 15 givenname: Ilka surname: Kleffner fullname: Kleffner, Ilka organization: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany – sequence: 16 givenname: Hans surname: Henkes fullname: Henkes, Hans organization: Neuroradiological Clinic, Katharinenhospital, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany – sequence: 17 givenname: Hermann surname: Kraehling fullname: Kraehling, Hermann organization: Clinic for Radiology, Department for Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany – sequence: 18 givenname: Thi Dan Linh surname: Nguyen-Kim fullname: Nguyen-Kim, Thi Dan Linh organization: Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Stadtspital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland – sequence: 19 givenname: René surname: Chapot fullname: Chapot, René organization: Department of Neuroradiology, Alfried-Krupp-Krankenhaus, Essen, Germany – sequence: 20 givenname: Umut surname: Yilmaz fullname: Yilmaz, Umut organization: Department of Neuroradiology, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany – sequence: 21 givenname: Furene surname: Wang fullname: Wang, Furene organization: Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, Singapore – sequence: 22 givenname: Muhammad Ubaid surname: Hafeez fullname: Hafeez, Muhammad Ubaid organization: Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA – sequence: 23 givenname: Flavio surname: Requejo fullname: Requejo, Flavio organization: Department of Neuroradiology, Hospital de Pediatría J.P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina – sequence: 24 givenname: Nicola surname: Limbucci fullname: Limbucci, Nicola organization: Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy – sequence: 25 givenname: Birgit surname: Kauffmann fullname: Kauffmann, Birgit organization: Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Eltern-Kind-Zentrum Prof Hess, Klinikum Bremen Mitte, Bremen, Germany – sequence: 26 givenname: Markus surname: Möhlenbruch fullname: Möhlenbruch, Markus organization: Department of Neuroradiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany – sequence: 27 givenname: Omid surname: Nikoubashman fullname: Nikoubashman, Omid organization: Department of Neuroradiology, Aachen University, Aachen, Germany – sequence: 28 givenname: Peter D surname: Schellinger fullname: Schellinger, Peter D organization: Department of Neurology and Neurogeriatrics, University Clinic of the Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Minden, Germany – sequence: 29 givenname: Patricia surname: Musolino fullname: Musolino, Patricia organization: Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 30 givenname: Ali surname: Alawieh fullname: Alawieh, Ali organization: Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA – sequence: 31 givenname: Jenny surname: Wilson fullname: Wilson, Jenny organization: Division of Pediatric Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA – sequence: 32 givenname: Dominik surname: Grieb fullname: Grieb, Dominik organization: Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Sana Kliniken Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany – sequence: 33 givenname: Alexandra S surname: Gersing fullname: Gersing, Alexandra S organization: Department of Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany – sequence: 34 givenname: Thomas surname: Liebig fullname: Liebig, Thomas organization: Department of Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany – sequence: 35 givenname: Martin surname: Olivieri fullname: Olivieri, Martin organization: Pediatric Thrombosis and Hemostasis Unit, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany – sequence: 36 givenname: Jaroslava Paulasova surname: Schwabova fullname: Schwabova, Jaroslava Paulasova organization: Department of Paediatric Neurology, Comprehensive Stroke Center, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic – sequence: 37 givenname: Ales surname: Tomek fullname: Tomek, Ales organization: Department of Neurology, Comprehensive Stroke Center, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic – sequence: 38 givenname: Panagiotis surname: Papanagiotou fullname: Papanagiotou, Panagiotis organization: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Hospital Bremen-Mitte/Bremen-Ost, Bremen, Germany – sequence: 39 givenname: Grégoire surname: Boulouis fullname: Boulouis, Grégoire organization: Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Department, University Hospital of Tours, Tours, France – sequence: 40 givenname: Olivier surname: Naggara fullname: Naggara, Olivier organization: French Center for Pediatric Stroke, Paris, France – sequence: 41 givenname: Christine K surname: Fox fullname: Fox, Christine K organization: Department of Neurology and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA – sequence: 42 givenname: Kirill surname: Orlov fullname: Orlov, Kirill organization: Research Center of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Federal Center of Brain Research and Neuro Technologies of FMBA, Moscow, Russia – sequence: 43 givenname: Alexandra surname: Kuznetsova fullname: Kuznetsova, Alexandra organization: Morozov Moscow Children Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia – sequence: 44 givenname: Carmen surname: Parra-Farinas fullname: Parra-Farinas, Carmen organization: Division of Neuroradiology and Division of Neurointervention, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada – sequence: 45 givenname: Prakash surname: Muthusami fullname: Muthusami, Prakash organization: Division of Neuroradiology and Division of Neurointervention, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada – sequence: 46 givenname: Robert W surname: Regenhardt fullname: Regenhardt, Robert W organization: Neuroendovascular Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 47 givenname: Adam A surname: Dmytriw fullname: Dmytriw, Adam A organization: Neuroendovascular Program, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA – sequence: 48 givenname: Tanja surname: Burkard fullname: Burkard, Tanja organization: Department of Radiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany – sequence: 49 givenname: Mesha surname: Martinez fullname: Martinez, Mesha organization: University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany – sequence: 50 givenname: Daniel surname: Brechbühl fullname: Brechbühl, Daniel organization: Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 51 givenname: Maja surname: Steinlin fullname: Steinlin, Maja organization: Division of Neuropaediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland – sequence: 52 givenname: Lisa R surname: Sun fullname: Sun, Lisa R organization: Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA – sequence: 53 givenname: Ameer E surname: Hassan fullname: Hassan, Ameer E organization: Department of Neurology, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Harlingen, TX, USA – sequence: 54 givenname: André surname: Kemmling fullname: Kemmling, André organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany – sequence: 55 givenname: Sarah surname: Lee fullname: Lee, Sarah organization: Division of Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA – sequence: 56 givenname: Heather J surname: Fullerton fullname: Fullerton, Heather J organization: Department of Neurology and Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA – sequence: 57 givenname: Jens surname: Fiehler fullname: Fiehler, Jens organization: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany – sequence: 58 givenname: Marios-Nikos surname: Psychogios fullname: Psychogios, Marios-Nikos organization: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland – sequence: 59 givenname: Moritz surname: Wildgruber fullname: Wildgruber, Moritz organization: Department of Radiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany |
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CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_1016_j_pediatrneurol_2025_01_004 crossref_primary_10_1016_S2352_4642_24_00257_8 crossref_primary_10_1055_a_2503_3994 |
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SubjectTerms | Adolescent Child Child, Preschool Endovascular Procedures - methods Female Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Ischemic Stroke - surgery Ischemic Stroke - therapy Male Prospective Studies Registries Stroke - surgery Stroke - therapy Thrombectomy - methods Treatment Outcome |
Title | Endovascular thrombectomy for childhood stroke (Save ChildS Pro): an international, multicentre, prospective registry study |
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