A mixed DNA profile controversy revisited
Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case “where eight different individuals [P1 through P8] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA analysis. Even though … expert DNA mixture analysis software was used.” Two of these are the true donors. The LRs reported are incorrect due to th...
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Published in | Journal of forensic sciences Vol. 67; no. 1; pp. 128 - 135 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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01.01.2022
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Abstract | Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case “where eight different individuals [P1 through P8] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA analysis. Even though … expert DNA mixture analysis software was used.” Two of these are the true donors. The LRs reported are incorrect due to the incorrect entry of propositions into LRmix Studio. This forced the software to account for most of the alleles as drop‐in, resulting in LRs 60–70 orders of magnitude larger than expected. P1, P2, P4, P5, and P8 can be manually excluded using peak heights. This has relevance when using LRmix which does not use peak heights. We extend the work using the same two reference genotypes who were the true contributors as Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453). We simulate three two‐donor mixtures with peak heights using these two genotypes and analyze using STRmix™. For the simulated 1:1 mixture, one of the non‐donors’ LRs supported him being a contributor when no conditioning was used. When considered in combination with any other potential donors (i.e., with conditioning), this non‐donor was correctly eliminated. For the 3:1 mixture, all results correctly supported that the non‐donors were not contributors. The low‐template 4:1 mixture LRs with no conditioning showed support for all eight profiles as donors. However, the results from pair‐wise conditioning showed that only the two ground truth donors had LRs supporting that they were contributors to the mixture. We recommend the use of peak heights and conditioning profiles, as this allows better sensitivity and specificity even when the persons share many alleles. |
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AbstractList | Semaan et al. (
J Forensic Res
, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case “where eight different individuals [P
1
through P
8
] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA analysis. Even though … expert DNA mixture analysis software was used.” Two of these are the true donors. The LRs reported are incorrect due to the incorrect entry of propositions into LRmix Studio. This forced the software to account for most of the alleles as drop‐in, resulting in LRs 60–70 orders of magnitude larger than expected. P
1
, P
2
, P
4
, P
5
, and P
8
can be manually excluded using peak heights. This has relevance when using LRmix which does not use peak heights. We extend the work using the same two reference genotypes who were the true contributors as Semaan et al. (
J Forensic Res
, 2020, 11, 453). We simulate three two‐donor mixtures with peak heights using these two genotypes and analyze using STRmix™. For the simulated 1:1 mixture, one of the non‐donors’ LRs supported him being a contributor when no conditioning was used. When considered in combination with any other potential donors (i.e., with conditioning), this non‐donor was correctly eliminated. For the 3:1 mixture, all results correctly supported that the non‐donors were not contributors. The low‐template 4:1 mixture LRs with no conditioning showed support for all eight profiles as donors. However, the results from pair‐wise conditioning showed that only the two ground truth donors had LRs supporting that they were contributors to the mixture. We recommend the use of peak heights and conditioning profiles, as this allows better sensitivity and specificity even when the persons share many alleles. Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case “where eight different individuals [P1 through P8] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA analysis. Even though … expert DNA mixture analysis software was used.” Two of these are the true donors. The LRs reported are incorrect due to the incorrect entry of propositions into LRmix Studio. This forced the software to account for most of the alleles as drop‐in, resulting in LRs 60–70 orders of magnitude larger than expected. P1, P2, P4, P5, and P8 can be manually excluded using peak heights. This has relevance when using LRmix which does not use peak heights. We extend the work using the same two reference genotypes who were the true contributors as Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453). We simulate three two‐donor mixtures with peak heights using these two genotypes and analyze using STRmix™. For the simulated 1:1 mixture, one of the non‐donors’ LRs supported him being a contributor when no conditioning was used. When considered in combination with any other potential donors (i.e., with conditioning), this non‐donor was correctly eliminated. For the 3:1 mixture, all results correctly supported that the non‐donors were not contributors. The low‐template 4:1 mixture LRs with no conditioning showed support for all eight profiles as donors. However, the results from pair‐wise conditioning showed that only the two ground truth donors had LRs supporting that they were contributors to the mixture. We recommend the use of peak heights and conditioning profiles, as this allows better sensitivity and specificity even when the persons share many alleles. Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case "where eight different individuals [P through P ] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA analysis. Even though … expert DNA mixture analysis software was used." Two of these are the true donors. The LRs reported are incorrect due to the incorrect entry of propositions into LRmix Studio. This forced the software to account for most of the alleles as drop-in, resulting in LRs 60-70 orders of magnitude larger than expected. P , P , P , P , and P can be manually excluded using peak heights. This has relevance when using LRmix which does not use peak heights. We extend the work using the same two reference genotypes who were the true contributors as Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453). We simulate three two-donor mixtures with peak heights using these two genotypes and analyze using STRmix™. For the simulated 1:1 mixture, one of the non-donors' LRs supported him being a contributor when no conditioning was used. When considered in combination with any other potential donors (i.e., with conditioning), this non-donor was correctly eliminated. For the 3:1 mixture, all results correctly supported that the non-donors were not contributors. The low-template 4:1 mixture LRs with no conditioning showed support for all eight profiles as donors. However, the results from pair-wise conditioning showed that only the two ground truth donors had LRs supporting that they were contributors to the mixture. We recommend the use of peak heights and conditioning profiles, as this allows better sensitivity and specificity even when the persons share many alleles. |
Author | Kalafut, Tim Wivell, Richard Pugh, Simone Abbas, Sarah Buckleton, John Curran, James Mansour, Issam Hicks, Tacha Gill, Peter Bright, Jo‐Anne Semaan, Marie |
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Notes | Funding information Previous to this submission, the problem described in this paper was presented by three of the authors (Semaan, Abbas, Mansour) in the Journal of Forensic Research (2020); at the 21st Triannual Meeting of the International Association of Forensic Sciences, August 21–25, 2017, in Toronto, Canada; and at the 73rd Annual Scientific Meeting of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences, February 15–19, 2021, held virtually. Semaan, Abbas, and Mansour have agreed to join the rest of the authors in acknowledging the initial presentations were incorrect, and this paper describes a more appropriate solution. This work was supported in part by grant NIJ 2020‐DQ‐BX‐0022 from the US National Institute of Justice. Points of view in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of their organizations. |
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References | 2021; 54 2019; 40 2019; 6 2005; 152 2021 2015; 64 2007; 166 2019 2016; 20 2018 2016; 61 2020; 11 2020; 44 2020; 65 2000; 112 2013; 7 2021; 50 2014; 363 2017; 277 1992; 32 2021; 52 2018; 32 2018; 37 2018; 36 e_1_2_7_6_1 e_1_2_7_5_1 e_1_2_7_9_1 e_1_2_7_8_1 e_1_2_7_7_1 e_1_2_7_18_1 Semaan M (e_1_2_7_2_1) 2020; 11 e_1_2_7_17_1 e_1_2_7_16_1 e_1_2_7_15_1 e_1_2_7_14_1 e_1_2_7_13_1 e_1_2_7_12_1 Mansour I (e_1_2_7_3_1) 2017; 277 Semaan M (e_1_2_7_4_1) 2021 e_1_2_7_11_1 e_1_2_7_10_1 e_1_2_7_26_1 e_1_2_7_25_1 e_1_2_7_24_1 e_1_2_7_23_1 e_1_2_7_22_1 e_1_2_7_21_1 e_1_2_7_20_1 Coyle HM (e_1_2_7_19_1) 2019; 6 |
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Snippet | Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case “where eight different individuals [P1 through P8] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA... Semaan et al. (J Forensic Res, 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case "where eight different individuals [P through P ] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA... Semaan et al. ( J Forensic Res , 2020, 11, 453) discuss a mock case “where eight different individuals [P 1 through P 8 ] could not be excluded in a mixed DNA... |
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Title | A mixed DNA profile controversy revisited |
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