The Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of a Novel d-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor Compound 8 [4 H-Thieno [3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic Acid] and d-Serine
Multiple studies indicate that N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for improving NMDA receptor function is to enhance occupancy of the glycine modulatory site on the NMDA receptor by increasing the availability...
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| Published in | The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics Vol. 328; no. 3; pp. 921 - 930 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
United States
Elsevier Inc
01.03.2009
American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Multiple studies indicate that N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for improving NMDA receptor function is to enhance occupancy of the glycine modulatory site on the NMDA receptor by increasing the availability of the endogenous coagonists d-serine. Here, we characterized a novel d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor, compound 8 [4 H-thieno [3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid] and compared it with d-serine. Compound 8 is a moderately potent inhibitor of human (IC50, 145 nM) and rat (IC50, 114 nM) DAAO in vitro. In rats, compound 8 (200 mg/kg) decreased kidney DAAO activity by ∼96% and brain DAAO activity by ∼80%. This marked decrease in DAAO activity resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) elevation in both plasma (220% of control) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; 175% of control) d-serine concentration. However, compound 8 failed to significantly influence amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity, nucleus accumbens dopamine release, or an MK-801 (dizocilpine maleate)-induced deficit in novel object recognition in rats. In contrast, high doses of d-serine attenuated both amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity and dopamine release and also improved performance in novel object recognition. Behaviorally efficacious doses of d-serine (1280 mg/kg) increased CSF levels of d-serine 40-fold above that achieved by the maximal dose of compound 8. These findings demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of DAAO significantly increases d-serine concentration in the periphery and central nervous system. However, acute inhibition of DAAO appears not to be sufficient to increase d-serine to concentrations required to produce antipsychotic and cognitive enhancing effects similar to those observed after administration of high doses of exogenous d-serine. |
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| AbstractList | Multiple studies indicate that N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for improving
NMDA receptor function is to enhance occupancy of the glycine modulatory site on the NMDA receptor by increasing the availability
of the endogenous coagonists d -serine. Here, we characterized a novel d -amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor, compound 8 [4 H -thieno [3,2- b ]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid] and compared it with d -serine. Compound 8 is a moderately potent inhibitor of human (IC 50 , 145 nM) and rat (IC 50 , 114 nM) DAAO in vitro. In rats, compound 8 (200 mg/kg) decreased kidney DAAO activity by â¼96% and brain DAAO activity by
â¼80%. This marked decrease in DAAO activity resulted in a significant ( p < 0.001) elevation in both plasma (220% of control) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; 175% of control) d -serine concentration. However, compound 8 failed to significantly influence amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity, nucleus
accumbens dopamine release, or an MK-801 (dizocilpine maleate)-induced deficit in novel object recognition in rats. In contrast,
high doses of d -serine attenuated both amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity and dopamine release and also improved performance in novel
object recognition. Behaviorally efficacious doses of d -serine (1280 mg/kg) increased CSF levels of d -serine 40-fold above that achieved by the maximal dose of compound 8. These findings demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition
of DAAO significantly increases d -serine concentration in the periphery and central nervous system. However, acute inhibition of DAAO appears not to be sufficient
to increase d -serine to concentrations required to produce antipsychotic and cognitive enhancing effects similar to those observed after
administration of high doses of exogenous d -serine. Multiple studies indicate that N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for improving NMDA receptor function is to enhance occupancy of the glycine modulatory site on the NMDA receptor by increasing the availability of the endogenous coagonists d-serine. Here, we characterized a novel d-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor, compound 8 [4 H-thieno [3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid] and compared it with d-serine. Compound 8 is a moderately potent inhibitor of human (IC50, 145 nM) and rat (IC50, 114 nM) DAAO in vitro. In rats, compound 8 (200 mg/kg) decreased kidney DAAO activity by ∼96% and brain DAAO activity by ∼80%. This marked decrease in DAAO activity resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) elevation in both plasma (220% of control) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; 175% of control) d-serine concentration. However, compound 8 failed to significantly influence amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity, nucleus accumbens dopamine release, or an MK-801 (dizocilpine maleate)-induced deficit in novel object recognition in rats. In contrast, high doses of d-serine attenuated both amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity and dopamine release and also improved performance in novel object recognition. Behaviorally efficacious doses of d-serine (1280 mg/kg) increased CSF levels of d-serine 40-fold above that achieved by the maximal dose of compound 8. These findings demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of DAAO significantly increases d-serine concentration in the periphery and central nervous system. However, acute inhibition of DAAO appears not to be sufficient to increase d-serine to concentrations required to produce antipsychotic and cognitive enhancing effects similar to those observed after administration of high doses of exogenous d-serine. Multiple studies indicate that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for improving NMDA receptor function is to enhance occupancy of the glycine modulatory site on the NMDA receptor by increasing the availability of the endogenous coagonists D-serine. Here, we characterized a novel D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor, compound 8 [4H-thieno [3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic acid] and compared it with D-serine. Compound 8 is a moderately potent inhibitor of human (IC(50), 145 nM) and rat (IC(50), 114 nM) DAAO in vitro. In rats, compound 8 (200 mg/kg) decreased kidney DAAO activity by approximately 96% and brain DAAO activity by approximately 80%. This marked decrease in DAAO activity resulted in a significant (p < 0.001) elevation in both plasma (220% of control) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF; 175% of control) D-serine concentration. However, compound 8 failed to significantly influence amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity, nucleus accumbens dopamine release, or an MK-801 (dizocilpine maleate)-induced deficit in novel object recognition in rats. In contrast, high doses of D-serine attenuated both amphetamine-induced psychomotor activity and dopamine release and also improved performance in novel object recognition. Behaviorally efficacious doses of D-serine (1280 mg/kg) increased CSF levels of D-serine 40-fold above that achieved by the maximal dose of compound 8. These findings demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of DAAO significantly increases D-serine concentration in the periphery and central nervous system. However, acute inhibition of DAAO appears not to be sufficient to increase D-serine to concentrations required to produce antipsychotic and cognitive enhancing effects similar to those observed after administration of high doses of exogenous D-serine. |
| Author | Sparey, Tim Mullins, Chadwick M. Hinchliffe, Richard M. Jones, Brian McNaughton, Caitlyn H. Uslaner, Jason M. Pascarella, Danette M. Jacobson, Marlene A. Yao, Lihang Venkatraman, Shankar Brandon, Nicholas J. Surles, Nathan O. Huszar, Sarah L. Hutson, Peter H. Young, Mary Beth Kandebo, Monika Sachs, Nancy Smith, Sean M. |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19088300$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| Copyright | 2009 American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics |
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| Snippet | Multiple studies indicate that N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for... Multiple studies indicate that N -methyl- d -aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach... Multiple studies indicate that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction underlies some of the deficits associated with schizophrenia. One approach for... |
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| SubjectTerms | Aged Animals D-Amino-Acid Oxidase - pharmacology Dizocilpine Maleate - pharmacology Habituation, Psychophysiologic Humans Male Models, Molecular Pyrroles - pharmacology Rats Rats, Wistar Recognition, Psychology - drug effects Schizophrenia - blood Schizophrenia - cerebrospinal fluid Serine - blood Serine - cerebrospinal fluid Serine - pharmacology Thiophenes - chemistry Thiophenes - pharmacology |
| Title | The Behavioral and Neurochemical Effects of a Novel d-Amino Acid Oxidase Inhibitor Compound 8 [4 H-Thieno [3,2-b]pyrrole-5-carboxylic Acid] and d-Serine |
| URI | https://dx.doi.org/10.1124/jpet.108.147884 http://jpet.aspetjournals.org/content/328/3/921.abstract https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19088300 |
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