Development of In Situ Electrochemical Scanning Electron Microscopy with Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes
We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ electrochemical scanning electron microscopy (in situ ECSEM) system. The key technology that enables in situ ECSEM is that charges can be removed from an...
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| Published in | Chemphyschem Vol. 9; no. 5; pp. 763 - 767 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Weinheim
WILEY-VCH Verlag
04.04.2008
WILEY‐VCH Verlag Wiley |
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| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ electrochemical scanning electron microscopy (in situ ECSEM) system. The key technology that enables in situ ECSEM is that charges can be removed from an IL by grounding it with a Pt wire, even if the IL is in an insulating glass cell. As a first demonstration, we describe the redox reaction of a polypyrrole (PPy) film accompanied by changes in its thickness when it is polarized by the film‐deposited Pt electrode in the IL. Furthermore, energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDX) analysis can be employed for the electrode polarized in the IL. The component analysis by EDX of PPy in an IL containing K+ as a marker, reveals doping of electrolyte cations into the PPy film upon the latter′s reduction and dedoping of cations from the film upon oxidation.
No charge: Since ionic liquids can be observed by SEM without any charging of the liquid, certain reactions can be observed under polarization conditions. The sequence shows that the oxidation and reduction of a PPy film polarized at various potentials are accompanied by decreases and increases, respectively, in the film thickness. |
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| AbstractList | Abstract
We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ electrochemical scanning electron microscopy (in situ ECSEM) system. The key technology that enables in situ ECSEM is that charges can be removed from an IL by grounding it with a Pt wire, even if the IL is in an insulating glass cell. As a first demonstration, we describe the redox reaction of a polypyrrole (PPy) film accompanied by changes in its thickness when it is polarized by the film‐deposited Pt electrode in the IL. Furthermore, energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDX) analysis can be employed for the electrode polarized in the IL. The component analysis by EDX of PPy in an IL containing K
+
as a marker, reveals doping of electrolyte cations into the PPy film upon the latter′s reduction and dedoping of cations from the film upon oxidation. We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ electrochemical scanning electron microscopy (in situ ECSEM) system. The key technology that enables in situ ECSEM is that charges can be removed from an IL by grounding it with a Pt wire, even if the IL is in an insulating glass cell. As a first demonstration, we describe the redox reaction of a polypyrrole (PPy) film accompanied by changes in its thickness when it is polarized by the film‐deposited Pt electrode in the IL. Furthermore, energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (EDX) analysis can be employed for the electrode polarized in the IL. The component analysis by EDX of PPy in an IL containing K+ as a marker, reveals doping of electrolyte cations into the PPy film upon the latter′s reduction and dedoping of cations from the film upon oxidation. No charge: Since ionic liquids can be observed by SEM without any charging of the liquid, certain reactions can be observed under polarization conditions. The sequence shows that the oxidation and reduction of a PPy film polarized at various potentials are accompanied by decreases and increases, respectively, in the film thickness. We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ electrochemical scanning electron microscopy (in situ ECSEM) system. The key technology that enables in situ ECSEM is that charges can be removed from an IL by grounding it with a Pt wire, even if the IL is in an insulating glass cell. As a first demonstration, we describe the redox reaction of a polypyrrole (PPy) film accompanied by changes in its thickness when it is polarized by the film-deposited Pt electrode in the IL. Furthermore, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDX) analysis can be employed for the electrode polarized in the IL. The component analysis by EDX of PPy in an IL containing K+ as a marker, reveals doping of electrolyte cations into the PPy film upon the latter's reduction and dedoping of cations from the film upon oxidation. |
| Author | Torimoto, Tsukasa Arimoto , Satoshi Oyamatsu, Daisuke Kuwabata , Susumu |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Satoshi surname: Arimoto fullname: Arimoto , Satoshi email: kuwabata@chem.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp organization: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81)6-6879-7372 – sequence: 2 givenname: Daisuke surname: Oyamatsu fullname: Oyamatsu, Daisuke organization: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81)6-6879-7372 – sequence: 3 givenname: Tsukasa surname: Torimoto fullname: Torimoto, Tsukasa organization: Department of Crystalline Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603 (Japan), Fax: (+81)52-789-5299 – sequence: 4 givenname: Susumu surname: Kuwabata fullname: Kuwabata , Susumu email: arimoto@chem.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp organization: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871 (Japan), Fax: (+81)6-6879-7372 |
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| Keywords | Scanning electron microscopy X-ray fluorescence analysis Conducting material Electrolyte X ray fluorescence In situ Electrochemistry conducting materials ionic liquids Electron microscopy Pyrrole polymer Ionic liquid |
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| Snippet | We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ... Abstract We report that ionic liquids (ILs) can be observed by electron microscopy without any charging of the liquid. Based on this, we present an in situ... |
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| SubjectTerms | Chemistry conducting materials Electrochemistry electron microscopy Exact sciences and technology General and physical chemistry ionic liquids scanning electron microscopy X-ray fluorescence analysis |
| Title | Development of In Situ Electrochemical Scanning Electron Microscopy with Ionic Liquids as Electrolytes |
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