Retention of Nitrate-N in Mineral Soil Organic Matter in Different Forest Age Classes

Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO₃⁻) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO₃...

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Published inEcosystems (New York) Vol. 22; no. 6; pp. 1280 - 1294
Main Authors Fuss, Colin B., Lovett, Gary M., Goodale, Christine L., Ollinger, Scott V., Lang, Ashley K., Ouimette, Andrew P.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer Science + Business Media 01.09.2019
Springer US
Springer
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
age structure
Atmospheric models
B horizons
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carbon content
chronosequences
Ecology
Ecosystems
elevated atmospheric gases
Environment models
Environmental Management
Forest soils
Forests
Geoecology/Natural Processes
Hydrology/Water Resources
Life Sciences
Mineral industry
mineral soils
mining
Mining industry
New Hampshire
nitrate nitrogen
Nitrates
nitrogen
Nitrogen isotopes
Nutrient retention
Old growth
Old growth forests
Organic matter
Organic soils
Original Articles
Plant Sciences
Recovery
Retention
Soil erosion
Soil organic matter
Soils
stable isotopes
Streams
Tracers (Chemistry)
Watersheds
Zoology
New Hampshire
Spodosol
soil water
immobilization
chronosequence
nitrogen
N tracer
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Abstract Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO₃⁻) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO₃⁻ concentrations have been unexpectedly low in mature watersheds. Poorly understood retention of NO₃⁻-N in soil organic matter (SOM) may explain this discrepancy. The relative availability of C and N in SOM influences NO₃⁻-N retention and may vary during succession due to processes of N mining and reaccumulation. To evaluate the strength of the SOM sink for NO₃⁻-N, we applied a 15 NO₃⁻ tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (≫ 200 years). We tracked ¹⁵N recovery in SOM 3 tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (200 years). We tracked 15 N recovery in SOM fractions in the upper 10 cm of B horizon over 5 weeks. Overall, forest age did not directly control the 5-week recovery of ¹⁵N, but it had an indirect effect via its influence on SOM properties such as C/N. Old-growth forest soils had the lowest C/N, implying closer proximity to effective N saturation. Across sites, both the particulate-and mineral-associated SOM fractions rapidly incorporated ¹⁵N, but recovery in each fraction generally declined with time, reflecting the dynamic nature of SOM. These results indicate that mineral horizons can provide an important N sink through the short term in forests of all ages, but that SOM-N remains subject to active cycling and potential loss from the soil pool over the longer term.
AbstractList Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO.sub.3.sup.-) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO.sub.3.sup.- concentrations have been unexpectedly low in mature watersheds. Poorly understood retention of NO.sub.3.sup.--N in soil organic matter (SOM) may explain this discrepancy. The relative availability of C and N in SOM influences NO.sub.3.sup.--N retention and may vary during succession due to processes of N mining and re-accumulation. To evaluate the strength of the SOM sink for NO.sub.3.sup.--N, we applied a .sup.15NO.sub.3.sup.- tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (>> 200 years). We tracked .sup.15N recovery in SOM fractions in the upper 10 cm of B horizon over 5 weeks. Overall, forest age did not directly control the 5-week recovery of .sup.15N, but it had an indirect effect via its influence on SOM properties such as C/N. Old-growth forest soils had the lowest C/N, implying closer proximity to effective N saturation. Across sites, both the particulate- and mineral-associated SOM fractions rapidly incorporated .sup.15N, but recovery in each fraction generally declined with time, reflecting the dynamic nature of SOM. These results indicate that mineral horizons can provide an important N sink through the short term in forests of all ages, but that SOM-N remains subject to active cycling and potential loss from the soil pool over the longer term.
Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO₃⁻) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO₃⁻ concentrations have been unexpectedly low in mature watersheds. Poorly understood retention of NO₃⁻-N in soil organic matter (SOM) may explain this discrepancy. The relative availability of C and N in SOM influences NO₃⁻-N retention and may vary during succession due to processes of N mining and re-accumulation. To evaluate the strength of the SOM sink for NO₃⁻-N, we applied a ¹⁵NO₃⁻ tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (≫ 200 years). We tracked ¹⁵N recovery in SOM fractions in the upper 10 cm of B horizon over 5 weeks. Overall, forest age did not directly control the 5-week recovery of ¹⁵N, but it had an indirect effect via its influence on SOM properties such as C/N. Old-growth forest soils had the lowest C/N, implying closer proximity to effective N saturation. Across sites, both the particulate- and mineral-associated SOM fractions rapidly incorporated ¹⁵N, but recovery in each fraction generally declined with time, reflecting the dynamic nature of SOM. These results indicate that mineral horizons can provide an important N sink through the short term in forests of all ages, but that SOM-N remains subject to active cycling and potential loss from the soil pool over the longer term.
Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO₃⁻) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO₃⁻ concentrations have been unexpectedly low in mature watersheds. Poorly understood retention of NO₃⁻-N in soil organic matter (SOM) may explain this discrepancy. The relative availability of C and N in SOM influences NO₃⁻-N retention and may vary during succession due to processes of N mining and reaccumulation. To evaluate the strength of the SOM sink for NO₃⁻-N, we applied a 15 NO₃⁻ tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (≫ 200 years). We tracked ¹⁵N recovery in SOM 3 tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (200 years). We tracked 15 N recovery in SOM fractions in the upper 10 cm of B horizon over 5 weeks. Overall, forest age did not directly control the 5-week recovery of ¹⁵N, but it had an indirect effect via its influence on SOM properties such as C/N. Old-growth forest soils had the lowest C/N, implying closer proximity to effective N saturation. Across sites, both the particulate-and mineral-associated SOM fractions rapidly incorporated ¹⁵N, but recovery in each fraction generally declined with time, reflecting the dynamic nature of SOM. These results indicate that mineral horizons can provide an important N sink through the short term in forests of all ages, but that SOM-N remains subject to active cycling and potential loss from the soil pool over the longer term.
Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO 3 − ) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO 3 − concentrations have been unexpectedly low in mature watersheds. Poorly understood retention of NO 3 − -N in soil organic matter (SOM) may explain this discrepancy. The relative availability of C and N in SOM influences NO 3 − -N retention and may vary during succession due to processes of N mining and re-accumulation. To evaluate the strength of the SOM sink for NO 3 − -N, we applied a 15 NO 3 − tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (≫ 200 years). We tracked 15 N recovery in SOM fractions in the upper 10 cm of B horizon over 5 weeks. Overall, forest age did not directly control the 5-week recovery of 15 N, but it had an indirect effect via its influence on SOM properties such as C/N. Old-growth forest soils had the lowest C/N, implying closer proximity to effective N saturation. Across sites, both the particulate- and mineral-associated SOM fractions rapidly incorporated 15 N, but recovery in each fraction generally declined with time, reflecting the dynamic nature of SOM. These results indicate that mineral horizons can provide an important N sink through the short term in forests of all ages, but that SOM-N remains subject to active cycling and potential loss from the soil pool over the longer term.
Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should experience increased nitrate (NO3−) losses to streams. However, at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest (New Hampshire, USA), recent stream NO3− concentrations have been unexpectedly low in mature watersheds. Poorly understood retention of NO3−-N in soil organic matter (SOM) may explain this discrepancy. The relative availability of C and N in SOM influences NO3−-N retention and may vary during succession due to processes of N mining and re-accumulation. To evaluate the strength of the SOM sink for NO3−-N, we applied a 15NO3− tracer to the mineral soil in eight stands spanning a forest chronosequence from about 20 years to old growth (≫ 200 years). We tracked 15N recovery in SOM fractions in the upper 10 cm of B horizon over 5 weeks. Overall, forest age did not directly control the 5-week recovery of 15N, but it had an indirect effect via its influence on SOM properties such as C/N. Old-growth forest soils had the lowest C/N, implying closer proximity to effective N saturation. Across sites, both the particulate- and mineral-associated SOM fractions rapidly incorporated 15N, but recovery in each fraction generally declined with time, reflecting the dynamic nature of SOM. These results indicate that mineral horizons can provide an important N sink through the short term in forests of all ages, but that SOM-N remains subject to active cycling and potential loss from the soil pool over the longer term.
Audience Academic
Author Lovett, Gary M.
Ouimette, Andrew P.
Goodale, Christine L.
Lang, Ashley K.
Fuss, Colin B.
Ollinger, Scott V.
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  fullname: Goodale, Christine L.
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  surname: Ollinger
  fullname: Ollinger, Scott V.
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  givenname: Ashley K.
  surname: Lang
  fullname: Lang, Ashley K.
– sequence: 6
  givenname: Andrew P.
  surname: Ouimette
  fullname: Ouimette, Andrew P.
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Fri Jul 25 09:55:07 EDT 2025
Tue Jun 10 20:35:39 EDT 2025
Thu Apr 24 22:56:05 EDT 2025
Tue Jul 01 04:12:52 EDT 2025
Fri Feb 21 02:29:09 EST 2025
Thu Jun 19 22:20:06 EDT 2025
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Issue 6
Keywords Spodosol
soil water
immobilization
chronosequence
nitrogen
N tracer
Language English
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Snippet Conceptual models of nutrient retention in ecosystems suggest that mature forests receiving chronically elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition should...
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SubjectTerms age structure
Atmospheric models
B horizons
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Carbon content
chronosequences
Ecology
Ecosystems
elevated atmospheric gases
Environment models
Environmental Management
Forest soils
Forests
Geoecology/Natural Processes
Hydrology/Water Resources
Life Sciences
Mineral industry
mineral soils
mining
Mining industry
New Hampshire
nitrate nitrogen
Nitrates
nitrogen
Nitrogen isotopes
Nutrient retention
Old growth
Old growth forests
Organic matter
Organic soils
Original Articles
Plant Sciences
Recovery
Retention
Soil erosion
Soil organic matter
Soils
stable isotopes
Streams
Tracers (Chemistry)
Watersheds
Zoology
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Title Retention of Nitrate-N in Mineral Soil Organic Matter in Different Forest Age Classes
URI https://www.jstor.org/stable/48701980
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