The distribution of persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) pharmaceuticals and personal care products monitored across Chinese water resources

[Display omitted] •First PMT assessment for over 400 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs).•Compilation of PPCPs in Chinese surface water, drinking water & groundwater.•Over a third of PPCPs detected in water suspected to meet the PMT criteria.•Efforts to reduce emissions of PMT-PPC...

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Published inJournal of hazardous materials letters Vol. 2; p. 100026
Main Authors Huang, Chen, Jin, Biao, Han, Min, Yu, Yang, Zhang, Gan, Arp, Hans Peter H.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Elsevier B.V 01.11.2021
Elsevier
Subjects
Drinking water
Groundwater
PPCP
Surface water
vPvM
PPCP
Drinking water
Groundwater
Surface water
vPvM
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Abstract [Display omitted] •First PMT assessment for over 400 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs).•Compilation of PPCPs in Chinese surface water, drinking water & groundwater.•Over a third of PPCPs detected in water suspected to meet the PMT criteria.•Efforts to reduce emissions of PMT-PPCPs in China are encouraged. Hazard classifications have recently been introduced for persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substances, which are those that negatively impact water resources if substantially emitted into the environment. Many pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) may meet this classification. Our study focused on 169 detected PPCPs in surface water, groundwater and drinking water in China among a total of 432 PPCPs that were monitored for across 75 studies. We assessed if these could be classified as PMT/vPvM substances based on the recent European criteria for industrial substances. For most PPCPs, persistency half-life data were lacking; therefore, definitive classifications could not be made. In surface water, 52 (37.7 %) of the detected PPCPs met, or were strongly suspected to meet, the PMT/vPvM criteria. Over half of these were antibiotic compounds. The industrialized Yangtze, Haihe and Pearl river basins were the most impacted. We hypothesized the proportion of PPCPs monitored meeting the PMT/vPvM criteria in drinking water and groundwater would be larger than surface water. This was supported as 44.3 % of PPCPs in these media met, or based on weight-of-evidence likely meet, the PMT/vPvM criteria; though, a definitive comparison was hindered by a lack of persistence data.
AbstractList Hazard classifications have recently been introduced for persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substances, which are those that negatively impact water resources if substantially emitted into the environment. Many pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) may meet this classification. Our study focused on 169 detected PPCPs in surface water, groundwater and drinking water in China among a total of 432 PPCPs that were monitored for across 75 studies. We assessed if these could be classified as PMT/vPvM substances based on the recent European criteria for industrial substances. For most PPCPs, persistency half-life data were lacking; therefore, definitive classifications could not be made. In surface water, 52 (37.7 %) of the detected PPCPs met, or were strongly suspected to meet, the PMT/vPvM criteria. Over half of these were antibiotic compounds. The industrialized Yangtze, Haihe and Pearl river basins were the most impacted. We hypothesized the proportion of PPCPs monitored meeting the PMT/vPvM criteria in drinking water and groundwater would be larger than surface water. This was supported as 44.3 % of PPCPs in these media met, or based on weight-of-evidence likely meet, the PMT/vPvM criteria; though, a definitive comparison was hindered by a lack of persistence data.
[Display omitted] •First PMT assessment for over 400 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs).•Compilation of PPCPs in Chinese surface water, drinking water & groundwater.•Over a third of PPCPs detected in water suspected to meet the PMT criteria.•Efforts to reduce emissions of PMT-PPCPs in China are encouraged. Hazard classifications have recently been introduced for persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substances, which are those that negatively impact water resources if substantially emitted into the environment. Many pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) may meet this classification. Our study focused on 169 detected PPCPs in surface water, groundwater and drinking water in China among a total of 432 PPCPs that were monitored for across 75 studies. We assessed if these could be classified as PMT/vPvM substances based on the recent European criteria for industrial substances. For most PPCPs, persistency half-life data were lacking; therefore, definitive classifications could not be made. In surface water, 52 (37.7 %) of the detected PPCPs met, or were strongly suspected to meet, the PMT/vPvM criteria. Over half of these were antibiotic compounds. The industrialized Yangtze, Haihe and Pearl river basins were the most impacted. We hypothesized the proportion of PPCPs monitored meeting the PMT/vPvM criteria in drinking water and groundwater would be larger than surface water. This was supported as 44.3 % of PPCPs in these media met, or based on weight-of-evidence likely meet, the PMT/vPvM criteria; though, a definitive comparison was hindered by a lack of persistence data.
ArticleNumber 100026
Author Jin, Biao
Han, Min
Zhang, Gan
Yu, Yang
Huang, Chen
Arp, Hans Peter H.
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  organization: Solid Waste and Chemicals Management Center, Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE), Beijing, 100029, China
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  givenname: Gan
  surname: Zhang
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  organization: State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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  givenname: Hans Peter H.
  surname: Arp
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  organization: Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI), P.O. Box 3930, Ullevaal Stadion, N-0806, Oslo, Norway
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Keywords PPCP
Drinking water
Groundwater
Surface water
vPvM
Language English
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Snippet [Display omitted] •First PMT assessment for over 400 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs).•Compilation of PPCPs in Chinese surface water,...
Hazard classifications have recently been introduced for persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) and very persistent and very mobile (vPvM) substances, which are...
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SubjectTerms Drinking water
Groundwater
PPCP
Surface water
vPvM
Title The distribution of persistent, mobile and toxic (PMT) pharmaceuticals and personal care products monitored across Chinese water resources
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