Physical Implementation of the Eight-Core Godson-3B Microprocessor
The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godson-3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6 M transistors within 300 mm2...
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| Published in | Journal of computer science and technology Vol. 26; no. 3; pp. 520 - 527 |
|---|---|
| Main Author | |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Boston
Springer US
01.05.2011
Springer Nature B.V Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Loongson Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing 100190, China%Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Loongson Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing 100190, China%Loongson Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing 100190, China |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 1000-9000 1860-4749 |
| DOI | 10.1007/s11390-011-1151-6 |
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| Abstract | The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godson-3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6 M transistors within 300 mm2 area in 65 nm technology and is implemented in parallel with full hierarchical design flows. In Godson-3B, advanced clock distribution mechanisms including GALS （Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous） and clock mesh are adopted to obtain an OCV tolerable clock network. Custom-designed de-skew modules are also implemented to afford further latency balance after fabrication. The power reduction of Godson- 3B is maintained by MLMM （Multi Level Multi Mode） clock gating and multi-threshold-voltage cells substitution schemes. The highest frequency of Godson-3B is 1.05 GHz and the peak performance is 128 GFlops （double-precision） or 256 GFlops （single-precision） with 40 W power consumption. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | TP332; The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godsono3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6 M transistors within 300 mm2 area in 65 nm technology and is implemented in parallel with full hierarchical design flows. In Godson-3B, advanced clock distribution mechanisms including GALS (Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous) and clock mesh are adopted to obtain an OCV tolerable clock network. Custom-designed de-skew modules are also implemented to afford further latency balance after fabrication. The power reduction of Godson-3B is maintained by MLMM (Multi Level Multi Mode) clock gating and multi-threshold-voltage cells substitution schemes. The highest frequency of Godson-3B is 1.05 GHz and the peak performance is 128 GFlops (double-precision) or 256 GFlops (single-precision) with 40 W power consumption. The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godson-3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6M transistors within 300mm2 area in 65 nm technology and is implemented in parallel with full hierarchical design flows. In Godson-3B, advanced clock distribution mechanisms including GALS (Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous) and clock mesh are adopted to obtain an OCV tolerable clock network. Custom-designed de-skew modules are also implemented to afford further latency balance after fabrication. The power reduction of Godson-3B is maintained by MLMM (Multi Level Multi Mode) clock gating and multi-threshold-voltage cells substitution schemes. The highest frequency of Godson-3B is 1.05GHz and the peak performance is 128GFlops (double-precision) or 256GFlops (single-precision) with 40W power consumption. The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godson-3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6 M transistors within 300 mm2 area in 65 nm technology and is implemented in parallel with full hierarchical design flows. In Godson-3B, advanced clock distribution mechanisms including GALS （Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous） and clock mesh are adopted to obtain an OCV tolerable clock network. Custom-designed de-skew modules are also implemented to afford further latency balance after fabrication. The power reduction of Godson- 3B is maintained by MLMM （Multi Level Multi Mode） clock gating and multi-threshold-voltage cells substitution schemes. The highest frequency of Godson-3B is 1.05 GHz and the peak performance is 128 GFlops （double-precision） or 256 GFlops （single-precision） with 40 W power consumption. The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godson-3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6M transistors within 300mm2 area in 65 nm technology and is implemented in parallel with full hierarchical design flows. In Godson-3B, advanced clock distribution mechanisms including GALS (Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous) and clock mesh are adopted to obtain an OCV tolerable clock network. Custom-designed de-skew modules are also implemented to afford further latency balance after fabrication. The power reduction of Godson-3B is maintained by MLMM (Multi Level Multi Mode) clock gating and multi-threshold-voltage cells substitution schemes. The highest frequency of Godson-3B is 1.05GHz and the peak performance is 128GFlops (double-precision) or 256GFlops (single-precision) with 40W power consumption.[PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] |
| Author | 王茹 范宝峡 杨梁 高燕萍 刘动 肖斌 王江嵋 张译夫 王宏 胡伟武 |
| AuthorAffiliation | Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China Graduate School o.f Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China Loongson Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing 100190, China |
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| Cites_doi | 10.1007/s11390-010-9316-2 10.1109/MWSCAS.2009.5236117 10.1109/ISSCC.2011.5746226 10.1109/ISCAS.2010.5537941 10.1109/ISSCC.2010.5434074 10.1109/ISQED.2007.56 10.1109/ISCAS.2008.4542191 10.1007/s11390-007-9000-3 10.1109/HOTCHIPS.2009.7478382 10.1109/MM.2009.30 |
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| Copyright | Springer 2011 Springer 2011. Copyright © Wanfang Data Co. Ltd. All Rights Reserved. |
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| DOI | 10.1007/s11390-011-1151-6 |
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| Notes | physical implementation, hierarchical design flow, GALS, clock mesh, low power 11-2296/TP Ru Wang, Bao-Xia Fan, Liang Yang, Yan-Ping, Dong aiu, Bin Xiao, Jiang-Mei Wang, Yi-Fu Zhang, Hong Wang, and Wei-Wu Hu （1Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China 2Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 3 Loongson Technologies Corporation Limited, Beijing 100190, China） The Godson-3B processor is a powerful processor designed for high performance servers including Dawning Servers. It offers significantly improved performance over previous Godson-3 series CPUs by incorporating eight CPU cores and vector computing units. It contains 582.6 M transistors within 300 mm2 area in 65 nm technology and is implemented in parallel with full hierarchical design flows. In Godson-3B, advanced clock distribution mechanisms including GALS （Globally Asynchronous Locally Synchronous） and clock mesh are adopted to obtain an OCV tolerable clock network. Custom-designed de-skew modules are also implemented to afford further latency balance after fabrication. The power reduction of Godson- 3B is maintained by MLMM （Multi Level Multi Mode） clock gating and multi-threshold-voltage cells substitution schemes. The highest frequency of Godson-3B is 1.05 GHz and the peak performance is 128 GFlops （double-precision） or 256 GFlops （single-precision） with 40 W power consumption. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 |
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| References | Hu W, Wang R, Chen Y et al. Godson-3B: A 1GHz 40W 8-core 128GFlops processor in 65nm CMOS. In Proc. the IEEE International Solid-State Circuit Conference (ISSCC 2011), San Francisco, USA, Feb. 20–24, 2011. (To appear) Chowdhury M, Bachand D, Hill D et al. Architectural innovations in WSM-EP. In Proc. Hot Chips, Palo Alto, USA, Aug. 22–24, 2010. YangLA novel analysis on timing uncertainty of clock mesh under on-chip variationJournal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics2010221120452052 Starke W, Hierarchy P. POWER7: IBM’s next generation balanced POWER server chip. In Hot Chips, Stanford University, USA, Aug. 23–25, 2009. Bellard F. QEMU, a fast and portable dynamic translator. In Proc. the USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX 2005), Anaheim, USA, Apr. 10–15, 2005, pp.41–46. Yang L, Zhao J, Fan B et al. Logical clustering for fast clock skew scheduling. In Proc. the 52nd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Cancun, Mexico, Aug. 2–5, 2009, pp.208–211. Yang L et al. Register relocation to optimize clock network for multi-domain clock skew scheduling. In Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Paris, France, May 30-Jun. 2, 2010, p.3180. Fan Q, Zhang G, Hu W et al. A synchronized variable frequency clock scheme in chip multiprocessors. In Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Seattle, USA, May 18–21, 2008, pp.3410–3413. Wendel D et al. The implementation of POWER7: A highly parallel and scalable multicore high-end server processor. In Proc. ISSCC, San Francisco, USA, Feb. 7–11, 2010, pp.102–103. HuWZhaoJYZhongSQImplementing a 1GHz four issue out-of-order execution microprocessor in a standard cell ASIC methodologyJournal of Computer Science and Technology200722111410.1007/s11390-007-9000-3 FanBYangLWangJMPhysical implementation of the 1GHz Godson-3 quad-core microprocessorJournal of Computer Science and Technology2010252192199204423310.1007/s11390-010-9316-2 HuWWangJGaoXGodson-3: A scalable multicore RISC processor with x86 emulationIEEE Micro2009292172910.1109/MM.2009.30 Hu W, Chen Y. GS464V: A high-performance low-power XPU with 512-bit vector extension. In Proc. the 22nd IEEE Symposium on High Performance Chips (Hot Chips 2010), Palo Alto, USA, Aug. 22–24, 2010. Wilke G, Murgai R. Design and analysis of “Tree+ Local Meshes” clock architecture. In Proc. the 8th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, San Jose, USA, Mar. 26–28, 2007, pp.165–170. B Fan (1151_CR3) 2010; 25 1151_CR14 1151_CR1 1151_CR10 W Hu (1151_CR8) 2007; 22 1151_CR11 1151_CR12 L Yang (1151_CR13) 2010; 22 W Hu (1151_CR2) 2009; 29 1151_CR4 1151_CR5 1151_CR9 1151_CR6 1151_CR7 |
| References_xml | – reference: Chowdhury M, Bachand D, Hill D et al. Architectural innovations in WSM-EP. In Proc. Hot Chips, Palo Alto, USA, Aug. 22–24, 2010. – reference: Fan Q, Zhang G, Hu W et al. A synchronized variable frequency clock scheme in chip multiprocessors. In Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Seattle, USA, May 18–21, 2008, pp.3410–3413. – reference: Hu W, Wang R, Chen Y et al. Godson-3B: A 1GHz 40W 8-core 128GFlops processor in 65nm CMOS. In Proc. the IEEE International Solid-State Circuit Conference (ISSCC 2011), San Francisco, USA, Feb. 20–24, 2011. (To appear) – reference: HuWWangJGaoXGodson-3: A scalable multicore RISC processor with x86 emulationIEEE Micro2009292172910.1109/MM.2009.30 – reference: HuWZhaoJYZhongSQImplementing a 1GHz four issue out-of-order execution microprocessor in a standard cell ASIC methodologyJournal of Computer Science and Technology200722111410.1007/s11390-007-9000-3 – reference: Yang L, Zhao J, Fan B et al. Logical clustering for fast clock skew scheduling. In Proc. the 52nd IEEE International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Cancun, Mexico, Aug. 2–5, 2009, pp.208–211. – reference: Hu W, Chen Y. GS464V: A high-performance low-power XPU with 512-bit vector extension. In Proc. the 22nd IEEE Symposium on High Performance Chips (Hot Chips 2010), Palo Alto, USA, Aug. 22–24, 2010. – reference: Yang L et al. Register relocation to optimize clock network for multi-domain clock skew scheduling. In Proc. IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Paris, France, May 30-Jun. 2, 2010, p.3180. – reference: Bellard F. QEMU, a fast and portable dynamic translator. In Proc. the USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX 2005), Anaheim, USA, Apr. 10–15, 2005, pp.41–46. – reference: FanBYangLWangJMPhysical implementation of the 1GHz Godson-3 quad-core microprocessorJournal of Computer Science and Technology2010252192199204423310.1007/s11390-010-9316-2 – reference: Starke W, Hierarchy P. POWER7: IBM’s next generation balanced POWER server chip. In Hot Chips, Stanford University, USA, Aug. 23–25, 2009. – reference: Wilke G, Murgai R. Design and analysis of “Tree+ Local Meshes” clock architecture. In Proc. the 8th International Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, San Jose, USA, Mar. 26–28, 2007, pp.165–170. – reference: Wendel D et al. The implementation of POWER7: A highly parallel and scalable multicore high-end server processor. In Proc. ISSCC, San Francisco, USA, Feb. 7–11, 2010, pp.102–103. – reference: YangLA novel analysis on timing uncertainty of clock mesh under on-chip variationJournal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics2010221120452052 – ident: 1151_CR9 – volume: 25 start-page: 192 issue: 2 year: 2010 ident: 1151_CR3 publication-title: Journal of Computer Science and Technology doi: 10.1007/s11390-010-9316-2 – ident: 1151_CR10 doi: 10.1109/MWSCAS.2009.5236117 – ident: 1151_CR1 doi: 10.1109/ISSCC.2011.5746226 – ident: 1151_CR11 doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2010.5537941 – volume: 22 start-page: 2045 issue: 11 year: 2010 ident: 1151_CR13 publication-title: Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics – ident: 1151_CR7 – ident: 1151_CR6 doi: 10.1109/ISSCC.2010.5434074 – ident: 1151_CR12 doi: 10.1109/ISQED.2007.56 – ident: 1151_CR14 doi: 10.1109/ISCAS.2008.4542191 – ident: 1151_CR4 – volume: 22 start-page: 1 issue: 1 year: 2007 ident: 1151_CR8 publication-title: Journal of Computer Science and Technology doi: 10.1007/s11390-007-9000-3 – ident: 1151_CR5 doi: 10.1109/HOTCHIPS.2009.7478382 – volume: 29 start-page: 17 issue: 2 year: 2009 ident: 1151_CR2 publication-title: IEEE Micro doi: 10.1109/MM.2009.30 |
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| Title | Physical Implementation of the Eight-Core Godson-3B Microprocessor |
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