ENSO‐Related Precursor Pathways of Interannual Thermal Anomalies Identified Using a Transformer‐Based Deep Learning Model in the Tropical Pacific

• Published in: Geophysical research letters Vol. 51; no. 12
• Main Authors: Zhou, Lu, Zhang, Rong‐Hua
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Washington John Wiley & Sons, Inc 28.06.2024; Wiley
• Subjects: Deep learning; El Nino; El Nino phenomena; El Nino-Southern Oscillation event; ENSO predictions; Equatorial regions; Evolution; explainable artificial intelligence (XAI); Initial conditions; multivariate three‐dimensional (3D) predictions; Neural networks; Neural stem cells; Ocean temperature; Oceans; Precursors; Prediction models; Southern Oscillation; Temperature anomalies; thermal precursors; Transformers; transformer‐based model

Recent studies have demonstrated great values of deep‐learning (DL) methods for improving El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) predictions. However, the black‐box nature of DL makes it challenging to physically interpret mechanisms responsible for successful ENSO predictions. Here, we demonstrate an...