Novel codynamics of the HIV-1/HTLV-Ⅰ model involving humoral immune response and cellular outbreak: A new approach to probability density functions and fractional operators

• Published in: AIMS mathematics Vol. 8; no. 12; pp. 28246 - 28279
• Main Authors: Gafel, Hanan S., Rashid, Saima, Elagan, Sayed K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: AIMS Press 01.01.2023
• Subjects: deterministic-probabilistic models; ergodic and stationary distribution; extinction; fractional operators; hiv-1/htlv-ⅰ codynamics model

Both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and human T-lymphotropic virus type Ⅰ (HTLV-Ⅰ) are retroviruses that afflict CD4$ ^{+} $ T cells. In this article, the codynamics of within-host HIV-1 and HTLV-Ⅰ are presented via piecewise fractional differential equations by employing a stochastic s...