Beliefs in personality disorders: a test with the Personality Disorder Belief Questionnaire
The hypothesis that each personality disorder (PD) is characterized by a specific set of beliefs was tested in a sample of 643 subjects, including non-patient controls, axis-I and axis-II patients, diagnosed with SCID-I and -II interviews. Beliefs of six PDs (avoidant, dependent, obsessive–compulsiv...
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Published in | Behaviour research and therapy Vol. 42; no. 10; pp. 1215 - 1225 |
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Main Authors | , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
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01.10.2004
Elsevier Science Elsevier Science Ltd |
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Abstract | The hypothesis that each personality disorder (PD) is characterized by a specific set of beliefs was tested in a sample of 643 subjects, including non-patient controls, axis-I and axis-II patients, diagnosed with SCID-I and -II interviews. Beliefs of six PDs (avoidant, dependent, obsessive–compulsive, paranoid, histrionic, borderline) were assessed with the Personality Disorder Belief Questionnaire (PDBQ). Factor analyses supported the existence of six hypothesized sets of beliefs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) supported the hypothesis that each PD is characterized by a specific set of beliefs. Path coefficients were however in the medium range, suggesting that PDs are not solely determined by beliefs. Nevertheless, empirically derived cutoff scores of the six belief subscales were reasonably successful in classifying subjects, percentages ranging form 51% to 83%. It appeared that there was a monotonical increase in scores on each belief subscale from non-patient controls, to patients without any PD, to patients with PDs (other than the pertinent PD), to patients with the pertinent PD. This suggests that PD-related beliefs are at least partly associated with (personality) psychopathology in general. Another explanation is that many patients’ position on the underlying dimensions is not high enough to lead to a DSM PD diagnosis, but high enough to lead to an elevated belief score. |
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AbstractList | The hypothesis that each personality disorder (PD) is characterized by a specific set of beliefs was tested in a sample of 643 subjects, including non-patient controls, axis-I and axis-II patients, diagnosed with SCID-I and -II interviews. Beliefs of six PDs (avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, histrionic, borderline) were assessed with the Personality Disorder Belief Questionnaire (PDBQ). Factor analyses supported the existence of six hypothesized sets of beliefs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) supported the hypothesis that each PD is characterized by a specific set of beliefs. Path coefficients were however in the medium range, suggesting that PDs are not solely determined by beliefs. Nevertheless, empirically derived cutoff scores of the six belief subscales were reasonably successful in classifying subjects, percentages ranging form 51% to 83%. It appeared that there was a monotonical increase in scores on each belief subscale from non-patient controls, to patients without any PD, to patients with PDs (other than the pertinent PD), to patients with the pertinent PD. This suggests that PD-related beliefs are at least partly associated with (personality) psychopathology in general. Another explanation is that many patients' position on the underlying dimensions is not high enough to lead to a DSM PD diagnosis, but high enough to lead to an elevated belief score. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT] The hypothesis that each personality disorder (PD) is characterized by a specific set of beliefs was tested in a sample of 643 subjects, including non-patient controls, axis-I and axis-II patients, diagnosed with SCID-I and -II interviews. Beliefs of six PDs (avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive, paranoid, histrionic, borderline) were assessed with the Personality Disorder Belief Questionnaire (PDBQ). Factor analyses supported the existence of six hypothesized sets of beliefs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) supported the hypothesis that each PD is characterized by a specific set of beliefs. Path coefficients were however in the medium range, suggesting that PDs are not solely determined by beliefs. Nevertheless, empirically derived cutoff scores of the six belief subscales were reasonably successful in classifying subjects, percentages ranging form 51% to 83%. It appeared that there was a monotonical increase in scores on each belief subscale from non-patient controls, to patients without any PD, to patients with PDs (other than the pertinent PD), to patients with the pertinent PD. This suggests that PD-related beliefs are at least partly associated with (personality) psychopathology in general. Another explanation is that many patients' position on the underlying dimensions is not high enough to lead to a DSM PD diagnosis, but high enough to lead to an elevated belief score. |
Author | Arntz, Arnoud Schouten, Erik Weertman, Anoek Dreessen, Laura |
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Keywords | Cognitive therapy Personality disorders Beliefs Borderline personality disorder Schema Belief Paranoid personality Hysterical personality Borderline Questionnaire Avoidant personality Obsessional personality Psychometrics Cognition Dependent personality Personality disorder |
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References_xml | – volume: 39 start-page: 1213 year: 2001 end-page: 1225 ident: BIB7 article-title: Dysfunctional beliefs discriminate personality disorders publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy contributor: fullname: Beck – year: 2000 ident: BIB17 publication-title: Gestructureerd diagnostisch interview voor DSM-IV persoonlijkheidsstoornissen (SCID-II) contributor: fullname: Kerkhofs – year: 1990 ident: BIB6 publication-title: Cognitive therapy of personality disorders contributor: fullname: Trexler – year: 1995 ident: BIB8 publication-title: The Personality Disorder Beliefs Questionnaire (short version) contributor: fullname: Arntz – volume: 61 start-page: 536 year: 1993 end-page: 546 ident: BIB15 article-title: Psychometric properties of a cognitive measure of personality disorders publication-title: Journal of Personality Assessment contributor: fullname: Schuster – volume: 59 start-page: 12 year: 1991 end-page: 19 ident: BIB11 article-title: Clinical significance: a statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research publication-title: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology contributor: fullname: Truax – volume: 12 start-page: 138 year: 1998 end-page: 148 ident: BIB9 article-title: Short-interval test–retest interrater reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders (SCID-II) in outpatients publication-title: Journal of Personality Disorders contributor: fullname: Arntz – year: 1990 ident: BIB19 publication-title: Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: a schema-focused approach contributor: fullname: Young – volume: 19 start-page: 295 year: 1995 end-page: 321 ident: BIB14 article-title: The Schema Questionnaire: investigation of psychometric properties and the hierarchical structure of a measure of maladaptive schemas publication-title: Cognitive Therapy and Research contributor: fullname: Telch – volume: 85 start-page: 394 year: 1992 end-page: 400 ident: BIB3 article-title: The interraterreliability of the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders publication-title: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica contributor: fullname: Sallaerts – volume: 37 start-page: S97 year: 1999 end-page: S134 ident: BIB2 article-title: Do personality disorders exist? On the validity of the concept and its cognitive-behavioral formulation and treatment publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy contributor: fullname: Arntz – volume: 35 start-page: 63 year: 1996 end-page: 70 ident: BIB12 article-title: Schema-focused therapy publication-title: Frontiers of Cognitive Therapy contributor: fullname: Young – volume: 32 start-page: 419 year: 1994 end-page: 430 ident: BIB1 article-title: Treatment of borderline personality disorder: a challenge for cognitive-behavioural therapy publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy contributor: fullname: Arntz – year: 1991 ident: BIB13 publication-title: Nederlandse vertaling van het Gestructureerd Klinisch Interview voor DSM-III-R Persoonlijkheidsstoornissen (SCID-II) – volume: 37 start-page: 545 year: 1999 end-page: 557 ident: BIB4 article-title: Assumptions in borderline personality disorder: specificity, stability and relationship with etiological factors publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy contributor: fullname: Dreessen – start-page: 91 year: 1996 end-page: 116 ident: BIB10 article-title: Zuverlässigkeit und Gültigkeit diagnostischer Verfahren zur Erfassung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen publication-title: Persönlichkeitsstörungen: Diagnostiek und Psychotherapie contributor: fullname: Bodem – year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB8 contributor: fullname: Dreessen – ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB18 – start-page: 91 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB10 article-title: Zuverlässigkeit und Gültigkeit diagnostischer Verfahren zur Erfassung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen contributor: fullname: Fydrich – volume: 19 start-page: 295 year: 1995 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB14 article-title: The Schema Questionnaire: investigation of psychometric properties and the hierarchical structure of a measure of maladaptive schemas publication-title: Cognitive Therapy and Research doi: 10.1007/BF02230402 contributor: fullname: Schmidt – volume: 39 start-page: 1213 year: 2001 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB7 article-title: Dysfunctional beliefs discriminate personality disorders publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(00)00099-1 contributor: fullname: Beck – year: 2000 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB17 contributor: fullname: Weertman – year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB19 contributor: fullname: Young – volume: 37 start-page: S97 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB2 article-title: Do personality disorders exist? On the validity of the concept and its cognitive-behavioral formulation and treatment publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(99)00052-2 contributor: fullname: Arntz – volume: 61 start-page: 536 year: 1993 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB15 article-title: Psychometric properties of a cognitive measure of personality disorders publication-title: Journal of Personality Assessment doi: 10.1207/s15327752jpa6103_10 contributor: fullname: Trull – volume: 85 start-page: 394 year: 1992 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB3 article-title: The interraterreliability of the structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders publication-title: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1992.tb10326.x contributor: fullname: Arntz – volume: 59 start-page: 12 year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB11 article-title: Clinical significance: a statistical approach to defining meaningful change in psychotherapy research publication-title: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.59.1.12 contributor: fullname: Jacobson – volume: 12 start-page: 138 year: 1998 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB9 article-title: Short-interval test–retest interrater reliability of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R personality disorders (SCID-II) in outpatients publication-title: Journal of Personality Disorders doi: 10.1521/pedi.1998.12.2.138 contributor: fullname: Dreessen – volume: 35 start-page: 63 year: 1996 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB12 article-title: Schema-focused therapy publication-title: Frontiers of Cognitive Therapy contributor: fullname: McGinn – volume: 37 start-page: 545 year: 1999 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB4 article-title: Assumptions in borderline personality disorder: specificity, stability and relationship with etiological factors publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy doi: 10.1016/S0005-7967(98)00152-1 contributor: fullname: Arntz – volume: 32 start-page: 419 year: 1994 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB1 article-title: Treatment of borderline personality disorder: a challenge for cognitive-behavioural therapy publication-title: Behaviour Research and Therapy doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(94)90005-1 contributor: fullname: Arntz – year: 1991 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB13 – year: 1990 ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB6 contributor: fullname: Beck – ident: 10.1016/j.brat.2003.08.004_BIB5 |
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SubjectTerms | Adult Adult and adolescent clinical studies Beliefs Biological and medical sciences Borderline personality disorder Borderline Personality Disorder - psychology Cognitive therapy Culture Dependent Personality Disorder - psychology Female Histrionic Personality Disorder - psychology Humans Male Medical diagnosis Medical sciences Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - psychology Paranoid Personality Disorder - psychology Personality disorders Personality Disorders - psychology Personality Tests Psychology Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Reproducibility of Results Schema Surveys and Questionnaires |
Title | Beliefs in personality disorders: a test with the Personality Disorder Belief Questionnaire |
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