Alterations of HDL particle phospholipid composition and role of inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis

• Published in: Journal of physiology and biochemistry Vol. 75; no. 4; pp. 453 - 462
• Main Authors: Giraud, Charlotte, Tournadre, Anne, Pereira, Bruno, Dutheil, Frédéric, Soubrier, Martin, Lhomme, Marie, Kontush, Anatol, Sébédio, Jean-Louis, Capel, Frédéric
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.11.2019; Springer Nature B.V; Springer Verlag (Germany)
• Subjects: Animal Physiology; Arachidonic acid; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid - pathology; Biomarkers; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis; Cardiovascular Diseases - pathology; Chemical compounds; Chromatography, Liquid - methods; Composition; Docosahexaenoic acid; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood; Female; Health risk assessment; High density lipoprotein; Human Physiology; Humans; Lecithin; Life Sciences; Lipids; Lysophosphatidylcholine; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic syndrome; Middle Aged; Original Article; Parameter modification; Pharmaceuticals; Phosphatidylcholine; Phosphatidylethanolamine; Phospholipid composition; Phospholipids; Phospholipids - blood; Rheumatoid arthritis; Risk; Species; Tandem Mass Spectrometry - methods; HDL; Lipidomics; Inflammation; Rheumatoid arthritis; Omega-3 fatty acids; Cardiovascular risk; Hdl
• DOI: 10.1007/s13105-019-00694-4
• ISSN: 1138-7548

The increased cardiovascular risk in RA (rheumatoid arthritis) cannot be explained by common quantitative circulating lipid parameters. The objective of the study was to characterize the modifications in HDL phosphosphingolipidome in patients with RA to identify qualitative modifications which could better predict the risk for CVD. Nineteen patients with RA were compared to control subjects paired for age, sex, BMI, and criteria of metabolic syndrome. The characterization of total HDL phosphosphingolipidome was performed by LC-MS/MS. RA was associated with an increased HDL content of lysophosphatidylcholine and a decreased content of PC (phosphatidylcholine), respectively, positively and negatively associated with cardiovascular risk. A discriminant molecular signature composed of 18 lipids was obtained in the HDL from RA patients. The detailed analysis of phospholipid species showed that molecules carrying omega-3 FA (fatty acids), notably docosahexaenoic acid (C22:6 n-3), were depleted in HDL isolated from RA patients. By contrast, two PE (phosphatidylethanolamine) species carrying arachidonic acid (C20:4 n-6) were increased in HDL from RA patients. Furthermore, disease activity and severity indexes were associated with altered HDL content of 4 PE and 2 PC species. In conclusion, the composition of HDL phosphosphingolipidome is altered during RA. Identification of a lipidomic signature could therefore represent a promising biomarker for CVD risk. Although a causal link remains to be demonstrated, pharmacological and nutritional interventions targeting the normalization of the FA composition of altered phospholipids could help to fight against RA-related inflammation and CVD risk.