Light and photosynthetic microalgae: A review of cellular- and molecular-scale optical processes
[Display omitted] •Cellular and molecular level optical properties of algae are viewed.•The physics of scattering, absorption, and fluorescence are explained.•Photonic effects of diatoms and coccolithophores are represented.•Numerical algal cell models are compared.•Photoacclimation and chromatic re...
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| Published in | Progress in oceanography Vol. 168; pp. 43 - 56 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Elsevier Ltd
01.11.2018
Elsevier |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
| ISSN | 0079-6611 1873-4472 1873-4472 |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.pocean.2018.09.002 |
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| Abstract | [Display omitted]
•Cellular and molecular level optical properties of algae are viewed.•The physics of scattering, absorption, and fluorescence are explained.•Photonic effects of diatoms and coccolithophores are represented.•Numerical algal cell models are compared.•Photoacclimation and chromatic regulation are discussed.
Light and its interaction with microalgae are essential concerns in the context of microalgae studies. The optical properties of microalgae have a great impact on the remote sensing ocean color, underwater light distribution and biomass accumulation, to mention some areas. A deep understanding of these processes requires knowledge on both the physical light interaction mechanisms with algae, and effects in cellular photophysiology and eventually primary production. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively explain the fundamental physical principles behind microalgae optical properties addressing the multidisciplinary microalgae community. We try to answer what happens with light in the microalgal cell on the cellular and molecular level, and explain the physical mechanisms of light absorption, scattering, fluorescence and diffraction. The current optical cell models that describe the absorbance and scattering properties of microalgae are compared and reviewed. The recent discoveries of the behavior of light in diatom frustules and coccolithophore coccoliths are represented, also showing the special role of these microalgae groups in terms of light interaction. Because microalgae and light are reciprocally interacting, we will briefly also view the photoacclimation and chromatic regulation associated with physical, metabolic and gene transcriptory changes. Finally, predictions and suggestions on the future research directions within oceanography, limnology, remote sensing and aqua culture are provided. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Light and its interaction with microalgae are essential concerns in the context of microalgae studies. The optical properties of microalgae have a great impact on the remote sensing ocean color, underwater light distribution and biomass accumulation, to mention some areas. A deep understanding of these processes requires knowledge on both the physical light interaction mechanisms with algae, and effects in cellular photophysiology and eventually primary production. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively explain the fundamental physical principles behind microalgae optical properties addressing the multidisciplinary microalgae community. We try to answer what happens with light in the microalgal cell on the cellular and molecular level, and explain the physical mechanisms of light absorption, scattering, fluorescence and diffraction. The current optical cell models that describe the absorbance and scattering properties of microalgae are compared and reviewed. The recent discoveries of the behavior of light in diatom frustules and coccolithophore coccoliths are represented, also showing the special role of these microalgae groups in terms of light interaction. Because microalgae and light are reciprocally interacting, we will briefly also view the photoacclimation and chromatic regulation associated with physical, metabolic and gene transcriptory changes. Finally, predictions and suggestions on the future research directions within oceanography, limnology, remote sensing and aqua culture are provided. [Display omitted] •Cellular and molecular level optical properties of algae are viewed.•The physics of scattering, absorption, and fluorescence are explained.•Photonic effects of diatoms and coccolithophores are represented.•Numerical algal cell models are compared.•Photoacclimation and chromatic regulation are discussed. Light and its interaction with microalgae are essential concerns in the context of microalgae studies. The optical properties of microalgae have a great impact on the remote sensing ocean color, underwater light distribution and biomass accumulation, to mention some areas. A deep understanding of these processes requires knowledge on both the physical light interaction mechanisms with algae, and effects in cellular photophysiology and eventually primary production. Therefore, in this review we comprehensively explain the fundamental physical principles behind microalgae optical properties addressing the multidisciplinary microalgae community. We try to answer what happens with light in the microalgal cell on the cellular and molecular level, and explain the physical mechanisms of light absorption, scattering, fluorescence and diffraction. The current optical cell models that describe the absorbance and scattering properties of microalgae are compared and reviewed. The recent discoveries of the behavior of light in diatom frustules and coccolithophore coccoliths are represented, also showing the special role of these microalgae groups in terms of light interaction. Because microalgae and light are reciprocally interacting, we will briefly also view the photoacclimation and chromatic regulation associated with physical, metabolic and gene transcriptory changes. Finally, predictions and suggestions on the future research directions within oceanography, limnology, remote sensing and aqua culture are provided. |
| Author | Lehmuskero, Anni Boström, Tobias Skogen Chauton, Matilde |
| Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Anni surname: Lehmuskero fullname: Lehmuskero, Anni email: anni.m.lehmuskero@uit.no organization: Department of Physics and Technology, The Arctic University of Norway, Postbox 6050 Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway – sequence: 2 givenname: Matilde surname: Skogen Chauton fullname: Skogen Chauton, Matilde email: matilde.skogen.chauton@sintef.no organization: SINTEF Ocean, Postbox 4760 Torgarden, 7465 Trondheim, Norway – sequence: 3 givenname: Tobias surname: Boström fullname: Boström, Tobias email: tobias.bostrom@uit.no organization: Department of Physics and Technology, The Arctic University of Norway, Postbox 6050 Langnes, 9037 Tromsø, Norway |
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•Cellular and molecular level optical properties of algae are viewed.•The physics of scattering, absorption, and fluorescence are... Light and its interaction with microalgae are essential concerns in the context of microalgae studies. The optical properties of microalgae have a great impact... |
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| SubjectTerms | absorbance absorption Bacillariophyceae Basale biofag: 470 Basic biosciences: 470 biomass production color Fluorescence genes Light absorption Light diffraction Light scattering limnology Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400 Mathematics and natural science: 400 Microalgae Molecular biology: 473 Molekylærbiologi: 473 oceanography Optical properties photosynthesis prediction primary productivity remote sensing VDP |
| Title | Light and photosynthetic microalgae: A review of cellular- and molecular-scale optical processes |
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