Antibiotic and antifungal use in paediatric departments at three academic hospitals in South Africa

•Antimicrobial prescribing to hospitalised children in South Africa is under-studied.•We prospectively audited antimicrobial use in three South African academic centres.•Marked differences in prescribing practice were noted across institutions.•Watch and Reserve antibiotic prescriptions were associa...

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Published inIJID regions Vol. 10; pp. 151 - 158
Main Authors Moore, David P., Chetty, Terusha, Pillay, Ashendri, Karsas, Maria, Cloete, Jeané, Balakrishna, Yusentha, Reddy, Tarylee, Archary, Moherndran, van Kwawegen, Alison, Thomas, Reenu, Nakwa, Firdose L., Waggie, Zainab, Magrath, Stephanie, Goga, Ameena, Jeena, Prakash
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LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.03.2024
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Abstract •Antimicrobial prescribing to hospitalised children in South Africa is under-studied.•We prospectively audited antimicrobial use in three South African academic centres.•Marked differences in prescribing practice were noted across institutions.•Watch and Reserve antibiotic prescriptions were associated with complex or severe illness.•Antifungals were prescribed to treat hospital-acquired infections, and as medical prophylaxis. South Africa implemented a National Strategic Framework to optimise antimicrobial stewardship in 2014; however, there is limited data on how this has affected prescribing, especially to children treated in academic centres. We conducted a point prevalence survey using the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology to evaluate antibiotic and antifungal prescribing practices in paediatric departments at three academic hospitals in South Africa. We recorded 1946 antimicrobial prescriptions in 1191 children, with 55.2% and 39.2% of the antibiotics classified as WHO AWaRe Access and Watch drugs, respectively. There were significant differences in prescription of Reserve antibiotics and antifungals between institutions. Receipt of WHO Watch and Reserve antibiotics was independently associated with infancy (<12 months) and adolescents (13-17 years) (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 2.09-9.95); prolonged hospitalisation (aRR: 3.29-30.08); rapidly or ultimately fatal illness (aRR: 1.94 to 5.52); and blood transfusion (aRR: 3.28-5.70). Antifungal prescribing was associated with treatment of hospital-associated infection (aRR: 2.90), medical prophylaxis (aRR: 3.30), and treatment in intensive care units (aRR: 2.15-2.27). Guidance on optimisation of infection prevention and control practice and strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship would impact positively on the care of sick children in our setting.
AbstractList ObjectivesSouth Africa implemented a National Strategic Framework to optimise antimicrobial stewardship in 2014; however, there is limited data on how this has affected prescribing, especially to children treated in academic centres.MethodsWe conducted a point prevalence survey using the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology to evaluate antibiotic and antifungal prescribing practices in paediatric departments at three academic hospitals in South Africa.ResultsWe recorded 1946 antimicrobial prescriptions in 1191 children, with 55.2% and 39.2% of the antibiotics classified as WHO AWaRe Access and Watch drugs, respectively. There were significant differences in prescription of Reserve antibiotics and antifungals between institutions. Receipt of WHO Watch and Reserve antibiotics was independently associated with infancy (<12 months) and adolescents (13-17 years) (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 2.09-9.95); prolonged hospitalisation (aRR: 3.29-30.08); rapidly or ultimately fatal illness (aRR: 1.94 to 5.52); and blood transfusion (aRR: 3.28-5.70). Antifungal prescribing was associated with treatment of hospital-associated infection (aRR: 2.90), medical prophylaxis (aRR: 3.30), and treatment in intensive care units (aRR: 2.15-2.27).ConclusionsGuidance on optimisation of infection prevention and control practice and strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship would impact positively on the care of sick children in our setting.
•Antimicrobial prescribing to hospitalised children in South Africa is under-studied.•We prospectively audited antimicrobial use in three South African academic centres.•Marked differences in prescribing practice were noted across institutions.•Watch and Reserve antibiotic prescriptions were associated with complex or severe illness.•Antifungals were prescribed to treat hospital-acquired infections, and as medical prophylaxis. South Africa implemented a National Strategic Framework to optimise antimicrobial stewardship in 2014; however, there is limited data on how this has affected prescribing, especially to children treated in academic centres. We conducted a point prevalence survey using the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology to evaluate antibiotic and antifungal prescribing practices in paediatric departments at three academic hospitals in South Africa. We recorded 1946 antimicrobial prescriptions in 1191 children, with 55.2% and 39.2% of the antibiotics classified as WHO AWaRe Access and Watch drugs, respectively. There were significant differences in prescription of Reserve antibiotics and antifungals between institutions. Receipt of WHO Watch and Reserve antibiotics was independently associated with infancy (<12 months) and adolescents (13-17 years) (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 2.09-9.95); prolonged hospitalisation (aRR: 3.29-30.08); rapidly or ultimately fatal illness (aRR: 1.94 to 5.52); and blood transfusion (aRR: 3.28-5.70). Antifungal prescribing was associated with treatment of hospital-associated infection (aRR: 2.90), medical prophylaxis (aRR: 3.30), and treatment in intensive care units (aRR: 2.15-2.27). Guidance on optimisation of infection prevention and control practice and strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship would impact positively on the care of sick children in our setting.
South Africa implemented a National Strategic Framework to optimise antimicrobial stewardship in 2014; however, there is limited data on how this has affected prescribing, especially to children treated in academic centres. We conducted a point prevalence survey using the World Health Organization (WHO) methodology to evaluate antibiotic and antifungal prescribing practices in paediatric departments at three academic hospitals in South Africa. We recorded 1946 antimicrobial prescriptions in 1191 children, with 55.2% and 39.2% of the antibiotics classified as WHO AWaRe Access and Watch drugs, respectively. There were significant differences in prescription of Reserve antibiotics and antifungals between institutions. Receipt of WHO Watch and Reserve antibiotics was independently associated with infancy (<12 months) and adolescents (13-17 years) (adjusted relative risk [aRR]: 2.09-9.95); prolonged hospitalisation (aRR: 3.29-30.08); rapidly or ultimately fatal illness (aRR: 1.94 to 5.52); and blood transfusion (aRR: 3.28-5.70). Antifungal prescribing was associated with treatment of hospital-associated infection (aRR: 2.90), medical prophylaxis (aRR: 3.30), and treatment in intensive care units (aRR: 2.15-2.27). Guidance on optimisation of infection prevention and control practice and strengthening of antimicrobial stewardship would impact positively on the care of sick children in our setting.
Author Moore, David P.
Archary, Moherndran
Goga, Ameena
Karsas, Maria
Thomas, Reenu
Nakwa, Firdose L.
Jeena, Prakash
van Kwawegen, Alison
Chetty, Terusha
Balakrishna, Yusentha
Pillay, Ashendri
Cloete, Jeané
Reddy, Tarylee
Magrath, Stephanie
Waggie, Zainab
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  surname: Reddy
  fullname: Reddy, Tarylee
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  surname: Archary
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  surname: van Kwawegen
  fullname: van Kwawegen, Alison
  organization: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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  givenname: Reenu
  orcidid: 0000-0002-5931-0850
  surname: Thomas
  fullname: Thomas, Reenu
  organization: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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  givenname: Firdose L.
  surname: Nakwa
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  surname: Waggie
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  surname: Magrath
  fullname: Magrath, Stephanie
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  surname: Goga
  fullname: Goga, Ameena
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  surname: Jeena
  fullname: Jeena, Prakash
  organization: Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Inkosi Alert Luthuli Central Hospital and University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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AWaRe classification
Africa
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Snippet •Antimicrobial prescribing to hospitalised children in South Africa is under-studied.•We prospectively audited antimicrobial use in three South African...
South Africa implemented a National Strategic Framework to optimise antimicrobial stewardship in 2014; however, there is limited data on how this has affected...
ObjectivesSouth Africa implemented a National Strategic Framework to optimise antimicrobial stewardship in 2014; however, there is limited data on how this has...
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SubjectTerms Africa
Antimicrobial prescribing audit
AWaRe classification
Hospitalised children
Title Antibiotic and antifungal use in paediatric departments at three academic hospitals in South Africa
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2023.12.004
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/38314394
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