Aptamer redesigned tRNA is nonfunctional and degraded in cells

• Published in: RNA (Cambridge) Vol. 10; no. 1; pp. 7 - 11
• Main Authors: Lee, Dennis, McClain, William H
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Copyright 2004 by RNA Society 01.01.2004
• Subjects: Acylation; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases - genetics; Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases - metabolism; Cells, Cultured; Escherichia coli - enzymology; Escherichia coli - genetics; Glutamine - metabolism; Kinetics; Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; Mutation; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Peptide Chain Initiation, Translational - genetics; Plasmids; RNA aptamers; RNA, Bacterial - chemistry; RNA, Transfer, Gln - genetics; RNA, Transfer, Gln - metabolism
• DOI: 10.1261/rna.5165804
• ISSN: 1355-8382

An RNA aptamer derived from tRNA(Gln) isolated in vitro and a rationally redesigned tRNA(Gln) were used to address the relationship between structure and function of tRNA(Gln) aminoacylation in Escherichia coli. Two mutant tRNA(Gln) sequences were studied: an aptamer that binds 26-fold tighter to glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase than wild-type tRNA(Gln) in vitro, redesigned in the variable loop, and a mutant with near-normal aminoacylation kinetics for glutamine, redesigned to contain a long variable arm. Both mutants were tested in a tRNA(Gln) knockout strain of E. coli, but neither supported knockout cell growth. It was later found that both mutant tRNAs were present in very low amounts in the cell. These results reveal the difference between in vitro and in vivo studies, demonstrating the complexities of in vivo systems that have not been replicated in vitro.