Gastrointestinal nematodes infections and anthelmintic resistance in grazing sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia in China
Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces...
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| Published in | Acta parasitologica Vol. 62; no. 4; pp. 815 - 822 |
|---|---|
| Main Authors | , , , , , , , |
| Format | Journal Article |
| Language | English |
| Published |
Cham
Springer International Publishing
20.12.2017
De Gruyter Springer Nature B.V |
| Subjects | |
| Online Access | Get full text |
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| Abstract | Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster’s method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%–100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0–32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud (
p
<0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED
50
) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 μg/mL and 0.302 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was
Haemonchus
. In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in
Haemonchus
, was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation. |
|---|---|
| AbstractList | Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster’s method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%–100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0–32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud (
p
<0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED
50
) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 μg/mL and 0.302 μg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was
Haemonchus
. In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in
Haemonchus
, was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation. Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster's method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%-100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0-32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud (p<0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED50) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 µg/mL and 0.302 µg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was Haemonchus. In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in Haemonchus, was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation. Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster’s method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%-100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0-32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud ( <0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED ) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 µg/mL and 0.302 µg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was . In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in , was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation. Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster's method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%-100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0-32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud (p<0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED50) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 µg/mL and 0.302 µg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was Haemonchus. In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in Haemonchus, was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation.Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster's method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%-100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0-32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud (p<0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED50) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 µg/mL and 0.302 µg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was Haemonchus. In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in Haemonchus, was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation. Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster’s method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%-100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0-32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud ( Gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) are a crucial restraint to grazing sheep production worldwide. This study was conducted to determine the infections and anthelmintic resistance (AR) of GIN in pasture-based sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia, China. GIN eggs were tested from 600 grazing sheep feces of 10 farms using saturated saline flotation method and McMaster’s method. The egg hatch test (EHT) and the faecal egg count reduction test (FECRT) were used to evaluate resistance of GIN to anthelmintics. We found that the average infection rate was 79.2% (range: 45%-100%). The grand mean faecal egg count (FEC) was 1813.2 eggs per gram (EPG) (range: 0-32400 EPG). There were significant differences in GIN infection among different breeds of sheep. The sequence of infection intensity and infection rate were Small fat tail > Ujimqin > Ju Ud ([p]<0.05). The 50% effective doses (ED[50]) of albendazole(ABZ) and levamisole (LMS) for expelling were 5.670 µg/mL and 0.302 µg/mL, respectively. The percentage reductions of avermectin (AVM), ivermectin (IVM), ABZ and LMS were 81.28%, 86.49%, 76.21% and 96.59%, respectively. The most predominant parasite genus in all four anthelmintics was [Haemonchus]. In these tested areas, mixed infections of GIN in grazing sheep were very common. AR, especially in [Haemonchus], was a serious problem in these sheep flocks. Thus, actions are urgently required to taken to mitigate the worsening situation. |
| Author | Zhang, Guanghe Wang, Zhe Han, Dongsheng Han, Tianlong Liu, Guowen Wang, Min Li, Xiaobing Li, Xinwei |
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| BackLink | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29035859$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed |
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| CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_3390_pathogens11091024 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11259_022_10015_8 crossref_primary_10_3390_ani13111841 crossref_primary_10_1007_s00436_023_08074_0 crossref_primary_10_3390_ani13010030 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exppara_2020_107957 crossref_primary_10_1186_s13071_020_04025_1 crossref_primary_10_3389_fmicb_2023_1287835 crossref_primary_10_1007_s11356_023_31045_y crossref_primary_10_1016_j_chemosphere_2023_138971 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_vetpar_2024_110360 crossref_primary_10_1186_s12917_024_04420_1 crossref_primary_10_1016_j_exppara_2021_108169 crossref_primary_10_52419_issn2782_6252_2023_1_108 |
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| Copyright | Witold Stefański Institute of Parasitology, Polish Academy of Sciences 2017 Copyright Walter de Gruyter GmbH 2017 |
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volume-title: Animal Parasites year: 1974 ident: ref461 – volume: 42 start-page: 1111 year: 2010 ident: ref291 article-title: Gastrointestinal nematode infections in small ruminants under the traditional husbandry system during the dry season in southern ethiopia publication-title: Tropical Animal Health & Production doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9532-3 – start-page: 283 volume-title: Immunology of Gastrointestinal Disease year: 1992 ident: ref331 doi: 10.1007/978-94-011-2978-7_16 – volume: 61 start-page: 802 year: 2016 ident: ref161 article-title: The prevalence of helminth parasites in pelophylax nigromaculatus (anura: ranidae) from shanghai, china publication-title: Acta Parasitologica – volume: 85 start-page: 693 year: 2014 ident: ref251 article-title: A review of the epidemiology and control of gastrointestinal nematode infections of small ruminants publication-title: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India – Section B: Biological Sciences – start-page: 1127 volume-title: Antimicrobial Drug Resistance year: 2009 ident: ref221 doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-595-8_32 – volume: 108 start-page: 337 year: 2010 ident: ref431 article-title: Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal nematode parasites of sheep in northern region of nile delta, egypt publication-title: Parasitology Research – volume: 114 start-page: 41 year: 2013b ident: ref71 article-title: A survey of farm management practices and their associations with anthelmintic resistance in sheep flocks in ontario, canada publication-title: Small Ruminant Research doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.06.007 – volume: 110 start-page: 1453 year: 2012 ident: ref421 article-title: Gastrointestinal nematode infections in german sheep publication-title: Parasitology Research doi: 10.1007/s00436-011-2648-1 – volume: 16 start-page: 81 year: 1984 ident: ref101 article-title: Ecology of nematophagous fungi: comparison of the soil sprinkling method with the baermann funnel technique in the isolation of endoparasites publication-title: Soil Biology & Biochemistry doi: 10.1016/0038-0717(84)90131-7 – volume: 51 start-page: 103 year: 2014 ident: ref531 article-title: The impact of grazing management on seasonal activity of gastrointestinal parasites in goats publication-title: Helminthologia doi: 10.2478/s11687-014-0217-8 – volume: 70 start-page: 175 year: 2003 ident: ref411 article-title: Parasites of domestic and wild animals in south africa. xlii. helminths of sheep on four farms in the eastern cape province publication-title: Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research – volume: 60 start-page: 211 year: 2015 ident: ref21 article-title: Molecular diagnosis of natural fasciolosis by dna detection in sheep faeces publication-title: Acta Parasitologica – volume: 114 start-page: 41 year: 2013b ident: ref361 article-title: A survey of farm management practices and their associations with anthelmintic resistance in sheep flocks in ontario, canada publication-title: Small Ruminant Research doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2013.06.007 – volume: 42 start-page: 1111 year: 2010 ident: ref01 article-title: Gastrointestinal nematode infections in small ruminants under the traditional husbandry system during the dry season in southern ethiopia publication-title: Tropical Animal Health & Production doi: 10.1007/s11250-010-9532-3 – volume: 65 start-page: 21 year: 2012 ident: ref91 article-title: Anthelmintic-resistant nematodes in irish commercial sheep flocks-the state of play publication-title: Irish Veterinary Journal doi: 10.1186/2046-0481-65-21 – volume: 42 start-page: 825 year: 2010 ident: ref401 article-title: Epidemiology of nematode parasites of sheep around jimma, southwestern ethiopia publication-title: Tropical Animal Health & Production doi: 10.1007/s11250-009-9492-7 |
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| SubjectTerms | Albendazole Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography Animals Anthelmintic agents anthelmintic resistance Anthelmintics - pharmacology Antiparasitic agents Avermectin Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedicine China - epidemiology Ecology Eggs Farms Feces - parasitology Flotation Gastrointestinal nematodes Goats Grazing grazing sheep Infections Intestinal parasites Ivermectin Larva - classification Levamisole Medical Microbiology Microbiology Nematoda - classification Nematoda - isolation & purification Nematode Infections - epidemiology Nematode Infections - parasitology Nematode Infections - veterinary Nematodes Parasites Parasitology Pasture Sheep Sheep Diseases - epidemiology Sheep Diseases - parasitology Test procedures |
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| Title | Gastrointestinal nematodes infections and anthelmintic resistance in grazing sheep in the Eastern Inner Mongolia in China |
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