Odd-nosed monkey scapular morphology converges on that of arm-swinging apes

Odd-nosed monkeys ‘arm-swing’ more frequently than other colobines. They are therefore somewhat behaviorally analogous to atelines and apes. Scapular morphology regularly reflects locomotor mode, with both arm-swinging and climbing anthropoids showing similar characteristics, especially a mediolater...

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Published inJournal of human evolution Vol. 143; p. 102784
Main Authors Selby, Michael S., Lovejoy, C. Owen, Byron, Craig D.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Elsevier Ltd 01.06.2020
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Abstract Odd-nosed monkeys ‘arm-swing’ more frequently than other colobines. They are therefore somewhat behaviorally analogous to atelines and apes. Scapular morphology regularly reflects locomotor mode, with both arm-swinging and climbing anthropoids showing similar characteristics, especially a mediolaterally narrow blade and cranially angled spine and glenoid. However, these traits are not expressed uniformly among anthropoids. Therefore, behavioral convergences in the odd-nosed taxa of Nasalis, Pygathrix, and Rhinopithecus with hominoids may not have resulted in similar structural convergences. We therefore used a broad sample of anthropoids to test how closely odd-nosed monkey scapulae resemble those of other arm-swinging primates. We used principal component analyses on size-corrected linear metrics and angles that reflect scapular size and shape in a broad sample of anthropoids. As in previous studies, our first component separated terrestrial and above-branch quadrupeds from clambering and arm-swinging taxa. On this axis, odd-nosed monkeys were closer than other colobines to modern apes and Ateles. All three odd-nosed genera retain glenoid orientations that are more typical of other colobines, but Pygathrix and Rhinopithecus are closer to hominoids than to other Asian colobines in mediolateral blade breadth, spine angle, and glenoid position. This suggests that scapular morphology of Pygathrix may reflect a significant reliance on arm-swinging and that the morphology of Rhinopithecus may reflect more reliance on general climbing. As ‘arm-swinging’ features are also found in taxa that only rarely arm-swing, we hypothesize that these features are also adaptive for scrambling and bridging in larger bodied anthropoids that use the fine-branch component of their arboreal niches.
AbstractList Odd-nosed monkeys 'arm-swing' more frequently than other colobines. They are therefore somewhat behaviorally analogous to atelines and apes. Scapular morphology regularly reflects locomotor mode, with both arm-swinging and climbing anthropoids showing similar characteristics, especially a mediolaterally narrow blade and cranially angled spine and glenoid. However, these traits are not expressed uniformly among anthropoids. Therefore, behavioral convergences in the odd-nosed taxa of Nasalis, Pygathrix, and Rhinopithecus with hominoids may not have resulted in similar structural convergences. We therefore used a broad sample of anthropoids to test how closely odd-nosed monkey scapulae resemble those of other arm-swinging primates. We used principal component analyses on size-corrected linear metrics and angles that reflect scapular size and shape in a broad sample of anthropoids. As in previous studies, our first component separated terrestrial and above-branch quadrupeds from clambering and arm-swinging taxa. On this axis, odd-nosed monkeys were closer than other colobines to modern apes and Ateles. All three odd-nosed genera retain glenoid orientations that are more typical of other colobines, but Pygathrix and Rhinopithecus are closer to hominoids than to other Asian colobines in mediolateral blade breadth, spine angle, and glenoid position. This suggests that scapular morphology of Pygathrix may reflect a significant reliance on arm-swinging and that the morphology of Rhinopithecus may reflect more reliance on general climbing. As 'arm-swinging' features are also found in taxa that only rarely arm-swing, we hypothesize that these features are also adaptive for scrambling and bridging in larger bodied anthropoids that use the fine-branch component of their arboreal niches.
ArticleNumber 102784
Author Byron, Craig D.
Selby, Michael S.
Lovejoy, C. Owen
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Keywords Scrambling
Hominoids
Rhinopithecus
Pygathrix
Climbing
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Snippet Odd-nosed monkeys ‘arm-swing’ more frequently than other colobines. They are therefore somewhat behaviorally analogous to atelines and apes. Scapular...
Odd-nosed monkeys 'arm-swing' more frequently than other colobines. They are therefore somewhat behaviorally analogous to atelines and apes. Scapular...
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SubjectTerms Animals
Biological Evolution
Climbing
Hominidae - anatomy & histology
Hominidae - physiology
Hominoids
Locomotion
Phylogeny
Presbytini - anatomy & histology
Presbytini - physiology
Pygathrix
Rhinopithecus
Scapula - anatomy & histology
Scrambling
Title Odd-nosed monkey scapular morphology converges on that of arm-swinging apes
URI https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhevol.2020.102784
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32315868
https://search.proquest.com/docview/2393635703
Volume 143
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