FundusPosNet: A Deep Learning Driven Heatmap Regression Model for the Joint Localization of Optic Disc and Fovea Centers in Color Fundus Images

• Published in: IEEE access Vol. 9; pp. 159071 - 159080
• Main Authors: Bhatkalkar, Bhargav J., Nayak, S. Vighnesh, Shenoy, Sathvik V., Arjunan, R. Vijaya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Piscataway IEEE 2021; The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
• Subjects: Adaptive optics; Biomedical optical imaging; Coders; Color; Datasets; Deep learning; Encoders-Decoders; Fovea; Fundus image; Gaussian blob; Heating systems; heatmap; Localization; Mathematical models; Medical imaging; Model testing; Nonlinear optics; optic disc; Optical imaging; Regression models; regression neural network; Retina; Two dimensional models
• DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3127280
• ISSN: 2169-3536

The localization of the optic disc and fovea is crucial in the automated diagnosis of various retinal diseases. We propose a novel deep learning driven heatmap regression model based on the encoder-decoder architecture for the joint detection of optic disc and fovea centers in color fundus images. To train the regression model, we transform the ground-truth center coordinates of optic disc and fovea of the IDRiD dataset to heatmaps using a 2D-Gaussian equation. The model is capable of pinpointing any single pixel in a vast 2D image space. The model is tested on IDRiD test dataset, Messidor, and G1020 datasets. The model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on these datasets. The model is very robust and generic, which can be trained and used for the simultaneous localization of multiple landmarks in different medical image datasets. The full implementation code and the trained model with weights (based on Keras) are available for reuse at https://github.com/bhargav-jb/FundusPosNet .