Authentication by Keystroke Dynamics: The Influence of Typing Language
Keystroke dynamics is a biometric method that uses a subject’s typing patterns for authentication or identification. In this paper we investigate typing language as a factor influencing an individual’s keystroke dynamics. Specifically, we discern whether keystroke dynamics is contingent on the spati...
Saved in:
Published in | Applied sciences Vol. 13; no. 20; p. 11478 |
---|---|
Main Author | |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Basel
MDPI AG
01.10.2023
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Abstract | Keystroke dynamics is a biometric method that uses a subject’s typing patterns for authentication or identification. In this paper we investigate typing language as a factor influencing an individual’s keystroke dynamics. Specifically, we discern whether keystroke dynamics is contingent on the spatial arrangement of letters on the keyboard, or alternatively, whether it is influenced by the linguistic characteristics inherent to the language being used. For this purpose, we construct a new dataset called the Bilingual Keystroke Dynamics Dataset in two languages: English and Arabic. The results show that the authentication system is not contingent on the spatial arrangement of the letters, and is primarily influenced by the language being used, and a system that is used by bilingual users must take into account that each user should have two profiles created, one for each language. An average equal error rate of 0.486% was achieved when enrolling in English and testing on Arabic, and 0.475% when enrolling in Arabic and testing on English. |
---|---|
AbstractList | Keystroke dynamics is a biometric method that uses a subject’s typing patterns for authentication or identification. In this paper we investigate typing language as a factor influencing an individual’s keystroke dynamics. Specifically, we discern whether keystroke dynamics is contingent on the spatial arrangement of letters on the keyboard, or alternatively, whether it is influenced by the linguistic characteristics inherent to the language being used. For this purpose, we construct a new dataset called the Bilingual Keystroke Dynamics Dataset in two languages: English and Arabic. The results show that the authentication system is not contingent on the spatial arrangement of the letters, and is primarily influenced by the language being used, and a system that is used by bilingual users must take into account that each user should have two profiles created, one for each language. An average equal error rate of 0.486% was achieved when enrolling in English and testing on Arabic, and 0.475% when enrolling in Arabic and testing on English. |
Audience | Academic |
Author | Altwaijry, Najwa |
Author_xml | – sequence: 1 givenname: Najwa orcidid: 0000-0002-7386-1886 surname: Altwaijry fullname: Altwaijry, Najwa |
BookMark | eNptUctOwzAQtBBIPG98QCSuFPxMHG4Vz4pKXMrZcux1cCl2cJJD_h5DQUII78HW7szIO3OIdkMMgNApwReM1fhSdx1hFBPCK7mDDiiuyhnjpNr99d5HJ32_xvnUhEmCD9DdfBxeIAze6MHHUDRT8QhTP6T4CsXNFPSbN_1VsXqBYhHcZoRgoIiuWE2dD22x1KEddQvHaM_pTQ8n3_cRer67XV0_zJZP94vr-XJmOC6HmW2IJpyANJQB0Q3lVtASamtESSwGKSzm2EqqS4FFY6oGKLUyD53QtjbsCC22ujbqteqSf9NpUlF79dWIqVU65WU2oJjFTlhWCdsYXhkmWS0c5kBEk_0QOGudbbW6FN9H6Ae1jmMK-fuKSklZtkiUGXWxRbU6i_rg4pC0yWUhW5MjcD7351VFalzXXGQC3RJMin2fwCnjhy9zM9FvFMHqMy_1O69MOv9D-tntX_gHJ--WYw |
CitedBy_id | crossref_primary_10_47164_ijngc_v15i2_1706 |
Cites_doi | 10.1287/mnsc.2018.3093 10.1145/3544548.3580906 10.5220/0006186803540361 10.1049/iet-spr.2008.0171 10.1007/s12652-018-1123-6 10.1155/2013/408280 10.1109/34.62613 10.1016/j.patrec.2022.04.023 10.1080/0960085X.2022.2026621 10.1080/09720529.2022.2133241 10.3390/s22176627 10.1002/spy2.88 10.1038/s41598-022-20099-6 10.2196/41003 10.1016/j.cose.2023.103363 10.1145/1978942.1979046 10.1038/s41598-022-11865-7 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.119522 10.1109/IJCB57857.2023.10448997 10.3390/math10162912 10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9 10.1109/TCYB.2018.2869658 10.3390/telecom4030021 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3132233 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3197756 10.1002/sec.1061 10.1109/TBIOM.2020.3003988 10.1016/j.cose.2008.11.001 10.13176/11.427 10.1007/s10916-020-1530-z 10.1109/CSCWD49262.2021.9437721 10.1145/3357419.3357425 10.1145/3508398.3511516 10.1109/DSAA.2015.7344858 10.4135/9781526451293 |
ContentType | Journal Article |
Copyright | COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG 2023 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
Copyright_xml | – notice: COPYRIGHT 2023 MDPI AG – notice: 2023 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. |
DBID | AAYXX CITATION ABUWG AFKRA AZQEC BENPR CCPQU DWQXO PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS DOA |
DOI | 10.3390/app132011478 |
DatabaseName | CrossRef ProQuest Central (Alumni) ProQuest Central UK/Ireland ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest Central ProQuest One ProQuest Central ProQuest Central Premium ProQuest One Academic (New) Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central China DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals |
DatabaseTitle | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database ProQuest One Academic Middle East (New) ProQuest Central Essentials ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition) ProQuest One Community College ProQuest Central China ProQuest Central ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition ProQuest Central Korea ProQuest Central (New) ProQuest One Academic ProQuest One Academic (New) |
DatabaseTitleList | CrossRef Publicly Available Content Database |
Database_xml | – sequence: 1 dbid: DOA name: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals url: https://www.doaj.org/ sourceTypes: Open Website – sequence: 2 dbid: BENPR name: ProQuest Central url: https://www.proquest.com/central sourceTypes: Aggregation Database |
DeliveryMethod | fulltext_linktorsrc |
Discipline | Engineering Sciences (General) |
EISSN | 2076-3417 |
ExternalDocumentID | oai_doaj_org_article_3d0f5d375dbc47c38395f04e15b20750 A771909945 10_3390_app132011478 |
GeographicLocations | United Kingdom |
GeographicLocations_xml | – name: United Kingdom |
GroupedDBID | .4S 2XV 5VS 7XC 8CJ 8FE 8FG 8FH AADQD AAFWJ AAYXX ADBBV ADMLS AFKRA AFPKN AFZYC ALMA_UNASSIGNED_HOLDINGS APEBS ARCSS BCNDV BENPR CCPQU CITATION CZ9 D1I D1J D1K GROUPED_DOAJ IAO IGS ITC K6- K6V KC. KQ8 L6V LK5 LK8 M7R MODMG M~E OK1 P62 PHGZM PHGZT PIMPY PROAC TUS PMFND ABUWG AZQEC DWQXO PKEHL PQEST PQQKQ PQUKI PRINS PUEGO |
ID | FETCH-LOGICAL-c406t-db1a141e8c23e1ab24d526e9dc561d0e85d040d82a6505bc7be22d8561f5ad9c3 |
IEDL.DBID | BENPR |
ISSN | 2076-3417 |
IngestDate | Wed Aug 27 01:32:25 EDT 2025 Mon Jun 30 03:40:37 EDT 2025 Tue Jun 10 21:16:27 EDT 2025 Tue Jul 01 04:34:20 EDT 2025 Thu Apr 24 23:08:15 EDT 2025 |
IsDoiOpenAccess | true |
IsOpenAccess | true |
IsPeerReviewed | true |
IsScholarly | true |
Issue | 20 |
Language | English |
License | https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 |
LinkModel | DirectLink |
MergedId | FETCHMERGED-LOGICAL-c406t-db1a141e8c23e1ab24d526e9dc561d0e85d040d82a6505bc7be22d8561f5ad9c3 |
Notes | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 14 |
ORCID | 0000-0002-7386-1886 |
OpenAccessLink | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2882391356?pq-origsite=%requestingapplication% |
PQID | 2882391356 |
PQPubID | 2032433 |
ParticipantIDs | doaj_primary_oai_doaj_org_article_3d0f5d375dbc47c38395f04e15b20750 proquest_journals_2882391356 gale_infotracacademiconefile_A771909945 crossref_citationtrail_10_3390_app132011478 crossref_primary_10_3390_app132011478 |
ProviderPackageCode | CITATION AAYXX |
PublicationCentury | 2000 |
PublicationDate | 2023-10-01 |
PublicationDateYYYYMMDD | 2023-10-01 |
PublicationDate_xml | – month: 10 year: 2023 text: 2023-10-01 day: 01 |
PublicationDecade | 2020 |
PublicationPlace | Basel |
PublicationPlace_xml | – name: Basel |
PublicationTitle | Applied sciences |
PublicationYear | 2023 |
Publisher | MDPI AG |
Publisher_xml | – name: MDPI AG |
References | Stylios (ref_34) 2023; 132 Lambrecht (ref_42) 2019; 65 Ayotte (ref_8) 2020; 2 ref_14 ref_35 ref_33 Zhong (ref_10) 2015; 2 Alfalahi (ref_27) 2022; 12 ref_31 Botha (ref_11) 2009; 28 ref_19 Teh (ref_5) 2013; 2013 ref_17 ref_39 Murphy (ref_43) 2016; 8 Alsuhibany (ref_16) 2022; 12 ref_38 ref_15 Varsha (ref_41) 2023; 3 Mikalef (ref_45) 2022; 31 Roy (ref_4) 2022; 10 Korukoglu (ref_23) 2020; 44 Kambourakis (ref_13) 2016; 9 Banerjee (ref_2) 2012; 7 Tsimperidis (ref_32) 2020; 50 Yang (ref_24) 2021; 9 Roy (ref_28) 2023; 217 Bleha (ref_1) 1990; 12 Acar (ref_37) 2019; 2 ref_44 ref_21 ref_20 Roy (ref_30) 2022; 14 Huang (ref_40) 2021; 49 ref_3 Tsimperidis (ref_22) 2023; 4 Hatin (ref_36) 2017; Volume 2 ref_29 Cascone (ref_25) 2022; 158 ref_9 Lamiche (ref_26) 2019; 10 Campisi (ref_12) 2009; 3 ref_7 ref_6 Shekhawat (ref_18) 2022; 25 |
References_xml | – volume: 65 start-page: 2966 year: 2019 ident: ref_42 article-title: Algorithmic bias? An empirical study of apparent gender-based discrimination in the display of STEM career ads publication-title: Manag. Sci. doi: 10.1287/mnsc.2018.3093 – ident: ref_9 – ident: ref_19 doi: 10.1145/3544548.3580906 – volume: Volume 2 start-page: 354 year: 2017 ident: ref_36 article-title: Privacy preserving transparent mobile authentication publication-title: International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy doi: 10.5220/0006186803540361 – volume: 3 start-page: 100165 year: 2023 ident: ref_41 article-title: How can we manage biases in artificial intelligence systems—A systematic literature review publication-title: Int. J. Inf. Manag. Data Insights – volume: 3 start-page: 333 year: 2009 ident: ref_12 article-title: User authentication using keystroke dynamics for cellular phones publication-title: IET Signal Process. doi: 10.1049/iet-spr.2008.0171 – volume: 10 start-page: 4417 year: 2019 ident: ref_26 article-title: A continuous smartphone authentication method based on gait patterns and keystroke dynamics publication-title: J. Ambient. Intell. Humaniz. Comput. doi: 10.1007/s12652-018-1123-6 – volume: 2013 start-page: 408280 year: 2013 ident: ref_5 article-title: A survey of keystroke dynamics biometrics publication-title: Sci. World J. doi: 10.1155/2013/408280 – volume: 12 start-page: 1217 year: 1990 ident: ref_1 article-title: Computer-access security systems using keystroke dynamics publication-title: IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. doi: 10.1109/34.62613 – volume: 158 start-page: 63 year: 2022 ident: ref_25 article-title: Touch keystroke dynamics for demographic classification publication-title: Pattern Recognit. Lett. doi: 10.1016/j.patrec.2022.04.023 – volume: 31 start-page: 257 year: 2022 ident: ref_45 article-title: Thinking responsibly about responsible AI and ‘the dark side’of AI publication-title: Eur. J. Inf. Syst. doi: 10.1080/0960085X.2022.2026621 – volume: 25 start-page: 2015 year: 2022 ident: ref_18 article-title: A novel approach for user authentication using keystroke dynamics publication-title: J. Discret. Math. Sci. Cryptogr. doi: 10.1080/09720529.2022.2133241 – ident: ref_35 doi: 10.3390/s22176627 – volume: 2 start-page: e88 year: 2019 ident: ref_37 article-title: A privacy-preserving multifactor authentication system publication-title: Secur. Priv. doi: 10.1002/spy2.88 – ident: ref_39 – volume: 12 start-page: 15866 year: 2022 ident: ref_16 article-title: Impact of using different-sized touch keyboards on free-text keystroke dynamics authentication in the Arabic language publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-20099-6 – ident: ref_29 doi: 10.2196/41003 – volume: 132 start-page: 103363 year: 2023 ident: ref_34 article-title: Continuous Authentication with Feature-Level Fusion of Touch Gestures and Keystroke Dynamics to Solve Security and Usability Issues publication-title: Comput. Secur. doi: 10.1016/j.cose.2023.103363 – volume: 8 start-page: 2016 year: 2016 ident: ref_43 article-title: Airbnb’s work to fight discrimination and build inclusion publication-title: Rep. Submitt. Airbnb – volume: 2 start-page: 1 year: 2015 ident: ref_10 article-title: A survey on keystroke dynamics biometrics: Approaches, advances, and evaluations publication-title: Recent Adv. User Authentication Using Keystroke Dyn. Biom. – ident: ref_3 doi: 10.1145/1978942.1979046 – volume: 12 start-page: 7690 year: 2022 ident: ref_27 article-title: Diagnostic accuracy of keystroke dynamics as digital biomarkers for fine motor decline in neuropsychiatric disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis publication-title: Sci. Rep. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-11865-7 – volume: 217 start-page: 119522 year: 2023 ident: ref_28 article-title: Imbalanced ensemble learning in determining Parkinson’s disease using Keystroke dynamics publication-title: Expert Syst. Appl. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.119522 – ident: ref_21 – volume: 14 start-page: 61 year: 2022 ident: ref_30 article-title: Identifying age group and gender based on activities on touchscreen publication-title: Int. J. Biom. – ident: ref_20 doi: 10.1109/IJCB57857.2023.10448997 – ident: ref_6 – ident: ref_33 doi: 10.3390/math10162912 – volume: 49 start-page: 30 year: 2021 ident: ref_40 article-title: A strategic framework for artificial intelligence in marketing publication-title: J. Acad. Mark. Sci. doi: 10.1007/s11747-020-00749-9 – volume: 50 start-page: 525 year: 2020 ident: ref_32 article-title: R2BN: An Adaptive Model for Keystroke-Dynamics-Based Educational Level Classification publication-title: IEEE Trans. Cybern. doi: 10.1109/TCYB.2018.2869658 – volume: 4 start-page: 369 year: 2023 ident: ref_22 article-title: Keystroke Dynamics as a Language Profiling Tool: Identifying Mother Tongue of Unknown Internet Users publication-title: Telecom doi: 10.3390/telecom4030021 – volume: 9 start-page: 162197 year: 2021 ident: ref_24 article-title: A review of emotion recognition methods from keystroke, mouse, and touchscreen dynamics publication-title: IEEE Access doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3132233 – volume: 10 start-page: 92192 year: 2022 ident: ref_4 article-title: A systematic literature review on latest keystroke dynamics based models publication-title: IEEE Access doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3197756 – volume: 9 start-page: 542 year: 2016 ident: ref_13 article-title: Introducing touchstroke: Keystroke-based authentication system for smartphones publication-title: Secur. Commun. Netw. doi: 10.1002/sec.1061 – volume: 2 start-page: 377 year: 2020 ident: ref_8 article-title: Fast free-text authentication via instance-based keystroke dynamics publication-title: IEEE Trans. Biom. Behav. Identity Sci. doi: 10.1109/TBIOM.2020.3003988 – volume: 28 start-page: 130 year: 2009 ident: ref_11 article-title: From desktop to mobile: Examining the security experience publication-title: Comput. Secur. doi: 10.1016/j.cose.2008.11.001 – ident: ref_15 – volume: 7 start-page: 116 year: 2012 ident: ref_2 article-title: Biometric authentication and identification using keystroke dynamics: A survey publication-title: J. Pattern Recognit. Res. doi: 10.13176/11.427 – volume: 44 start-page: 68 year: 2020 ident: ref_23 article-title: Stress detection via keyboard typing behaviors by using smartphone sensors and machine learning techniques publication-title: J. Med. Syst. doi: 10.1007/s10916-020-1530-z – ident: ref_31 doi: 10.1109/CSCWD49262.2021.9437721 – ident: ref_17 – ident: ref_14 doi: 10.1145/3357419.3357425 – ident: ref_7 doi: 10.1145/3508398.3511516 – ident: ref_38 doi: 10.1109/DSAA.2015.7344858 – ident: ref_44 doi: 10.4135/9781526451293 |
SSID | ssj0000913810 |
Score | 2.2621772 |
Snippet | Keystroke dynamics is a biometric method that uses a subject’s typing patterns for authentication or identification. In this paper we investigate typing... |
SourceID | doaj proquest gale crossref |
SourceType | Open Website Aggregation Database Enrichment Source Index Database |
StartPage | 11478 |
SubjectTerms | Algorithms Arabic language authentication bilingual keystroke dynamics Bilingualism Biometrics Classification cybersecurity Data encryption chips Datasets Keyboards keystroke dynamics Literature reviews |
SummonAdditionalLinks | – databaseName: DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals dbid: DOA link: http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwrV07T8MwELZQJxgQLSAKBXkAAUIRiWM7MVt5VOU5UambFT-ygFrUloF_z13iVlkqFtbEipzv7nx39vk7Qk4NU6VxGZaVMxlx72yk0kJGspBFwrxMeSXp1zc5HPGnsRg3Wn1hTVhND1wDd526uBQuzYQzlmcWEiolypj7RBiG7g5XX_B5jWSqWoNVgtRVdaV7Cnk9ngfjbWEI_7GjWsMHVVT96xbkyssMdsh2CA9pv55Wm2z4SYdsNUgDO6QdzHFOLwJn9OUuGeBWFxb-1Dtw1PzQZ5DRYjb98PS-7jo_v6GgFPRx2ZaETksKaSh8lL6EXcs9Mho8vN8No9AiIbIA4iJyJikSnvjcstQnhWHcCSa9chbiIhf7XDiwUpezAiIxYWxmPGMuh5elKJyy6T5pTaYTf0Ao3ojNkR4ty2KOpOuQySXKScCsLFlsuuRqCZq2gT8c21h8asgjEGLdhLhLzlajv2rejDXjbhH_1Rhku64egA7ooAP6Lx3oknOUnkabhCnZIlwtgB9DdivdzzKIe5Tiokt6SwHrYKxzzSDLSEFhhDz8j9kckU3sSV9X_PVIazH79scQuSzMSaWkv6Kw5uw priority: 102 providerName: Directory of Open Access Journals |
Title | Authentication by Keystroke Dynamics: The Influence of Typing Language |
URI | https://www.proquest.com/docview/2882391356 https://doaj.org/article/3d0f5d375dbc47c38395f04e15b20750 |
Volume | 13 |
hasFullText | 1 |
inHoldings | 1 |
isFullTextHit | |
isPrint | |
link | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwfV1Lb9QwEB71cYEDogXEQln5AKIIRcTPxFxQC92WtlQIUak3K36kh1absrsc-PfMJN5lL-UaW1Ey4xnPjMffB_DaC9v6WFFbuTCFSjEUVjamMI1puEhGql7T3y7MyaU6vdJXueA2z22VS5_YO-rYBaqRfxAYCkrLpTaf7n4VxBpFp6uZQmMTttEF15h8bR8eXXz_saqyEOplzcuh411ifk_nwnRrGNMAYlZb24t6yP77HHO_20wew6McJrKDQa87sJGmu_BwDTxwF3ayWc7ZfsaOfvcEJlTyogagoRLH_B92hrpazLqbxL4M7PPzjwwXB_u6pCdhXcswHcWXsvNcvXwKl5Ojn59PikyVUAQU5qKInjdc8VQHIRNvvFBRC5NsDBgfxTLVOqK1xlo0GJFpHyqfhIg1Dra6iTbIZ7A17abpOTC6GVsTTFpVlYrA1zGj4zYalFnbitKP4P1SaC5kHHGis7h1mE-QiN26iEfwZjX7bsDPuGfeIcl_NYdQr_sH3ezaZSNyMpatjrLS0QdVBUyurW5Llbj2gkKfEbwl7TmyTfyk0OQrBvhjhHLlDqoK4x9rlR7B3lLBLhvt3P1bYi_-P_wSHhDr_NDTtwdbi9nv9Apjk4Ufw2Y9OR7nZTjuM_y_OtHiaA |
linkProvider | ProQuest |
linkToHtml | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Lb9QwEB6VcgAOiBYQCwV8oAKEIuJXEiMhVCjLLt321Eq9ufEjHFptymYR6p_iNzKTx7KXcus1tpxkPB7PjMffB_DKCVO5kFNZucgSFYNPjCyzJCuzkouYSdXO9OFRNjlR30_16Qb8Ge7CUFnlYBNbQx1qTzny9wJdQWm41Nmny58JsUbR6epAodGpxUG8-o0hW_Nxuo_zuyvE-Ovxl0nSswokHt-7TILjJVc8Fl7IyEsnVNAiiyZ4dCVCGgsdULFDIUp0XrTzuYtChAIbK10G4yWOewtuKykNrahi_G2V0yGMzYKnXX09tqd0Ck13lDHoIB63tZ2vJQi4bhto97bxA7jfO6Vsr9OiLdiI8224twZVuA1bvRFo2JseqfrtQxhTgo3Kjbq8H3NXDIXTLBf1eWT7Hdd984GhKrLpQIbC6oph8IuDslmfK30EJzciwsewOa_n8QkwuodbEChbnqeKoN4xfuQmZCizqhKpG8G7QWjW96jlRJ5xYTF6IRHbdRGPYHfV-7JD67im32eS_6oPYWy3D-rFD9svWStDWukgcx2cV7nHUN7oKlWRayfI0RrBa5o9S5YAP8mX_YUG_DHC1LJ7eY7eljFKj2BnmGDbm4jG_lPop_9vfgl3JseHMzubHh08g7vEd99VE-7A5nLxKz5Hr2jpXrSqyODspnX_L-5IHGw |
linkToPdf | http://utb.summon.serialssolutions.com/2.0.0/link/0/eLvHCXMwtV1Nb9QwEB2VrYTggNoCYqEFH6gAoaiJHScxEkIt21WXllWFqNSbG3-EA2hTNouq_rX-OmYSZ9lLufWaWJYzMxnPjMfvAbw2XFXG5dRWzrMo9c5GSpRZlJVZmXCfibTV9NdpdnSWfjmX52tw09-FobbK3ie2jtrVlmrkexxDQaESIbO9KrRFnI7Gny5_R8QgRSetPZ1GZyLH_voK07fm42SEut7lfHz4_fNRFBgGIotrWETOJGWSJr6wXPikNDx1kmdeOYthhYt9IR0auSt4iYGMNDY3nnNX4MtKlk5ZgfPeg_Ucs6J4AOsHh9PTb8sKDyFuFkncddsLoWI6k6Yby5iCEKvbyj7Y0gXctim0O914Ax6FEJXtdza1CWt-tgUPV4ALt2AzuISGvQ241e8ew5jKbdR81FUBmblmKJ5mMa9_ejbqmO-bDwwNk016ahRWVwxTYZyUnYTK6RM4uxMhPoXBrJ75Z8DoVm5BEG15HqcE_I7ZZKJchjKrKh6bIbzvhaZtwDAnKo1fGnMZErFeFfEQdpejLzvsjlvGHZD8l2MIcbt9UM9_6PADa-HiSjqRS2dsmltM7JWs4tQn0nAKu4bwhrSnyS_gkmwZrjfghxHClt7Pc4y9lErlELZ7BevgMBr9z7yf___1K7iPdq9PJtPjF_CAY8jVtRZuw2Ax_-N3MERamJfBFhlc3LX5_wX3jCH- |
openUrl | ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info%3Aofi%2Fenc%3AUTF-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsummon.serialssolutions.com&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Authentication+by+Keystroke+Dynamics%3A+The+Influence+of+Typing+Language&rft.jtitle=Applied+sciences&rft.au=Altwaijry%2C+Najwa&rft.date=2023-10-01&rft.pub=MDPI+AG&rft.eissn=2076-3417&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=20&rft.spage=11478&rft_id=info:doi/10.3390%2Fapp132011478&rft.externalDBID=HAS_PDF_LINK |
thumbnail_l | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/lc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon |
thumbnail_m | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/mc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon |
thumbnail_s | http://covers-cdn.summon.serialssolutions.com/index.aspx?isbn=/sc.gif&issn=2076-3417&client=summon |